Republic of the Philippines

Province of Cotabato
Municipality of Makilala
MAKILALA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Makilala, North Cotabato
Tel/Fax: (+6364) 248 – 0147\

CRIMINOLOGY DEPARTMENT
DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL
Course Number : CDI-7 Instructor :CHRISTOPHER D. DE CASTRO JR.,RCRIM,MSCJ
Course Title : Drug Education and Vice Control Mobile No. : 09076439725
Credits : 3 Units (3 hours lecture) Email Add. : [email protected]
Module :7
Duration : 1 Week

I. LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of this lesson, you should be able to;
1. Identify the identities of dangerous drugs;
2. identify and discuss and effects of drugs in terms of:
2.1. Depressants
2.2. Stimulants
2.3. Hallucinogens;
3. identify the commonly abused drugs; and
4. classify the different plants as a source of dangerous drugs.
II. TOPICS:
1. The Dangerous Drugs Identities
2. Effects of drugs according to:
2.1. Depressants (Downers)
2.2. The Stimulants (Uppers)
2.3. The Hallucinogens (Psychedelic)
3. The Commonly Abused Drugs
4. Plants as a Source of Dangerous Drugs
III. REFERENCES
i. Camara, R.T., (2019)., Outline Reviewer in Criminology, Philippine Copyright.
ii. Manwong, RK. (2013). Drug Education and Vice Control. Quezon City, Philippines. Wiseman Books Trading Inc.

IV. COURSE CONTENT

THE DANGEROUS DRUGS IDENTITIES

1. According to Effects
1.1. Depressants those that depress the (CNS)
1.2. Stimulants those that stimulate the Central Nervous System (CNS)
1.3. Hallucinogens those that distort perception, mind; alter moods
2. According to Medical Pharmacology
1. Depressants
2. Narcotics
3. Tranquilizers
4. Stimulants
5. Hallucinogens
6. Solvents/Inhalants

THE DEPRESSANTS (DOWNERS)

 These are group of drugs, which suppress vital body functions especially those of the brain or central nervous system with th e resulting
impairment of judgment, hearing, speech and muscular coordination. They dull the minds, slow down body reactions to such an extent that
accidental deaths and/or suicides usually happen. They include the narcotics, barbiturates tranquilizers, alcohol and other volatile solvents.
These argues, when taken in, generally decrease both the mental and the physical activities of the body. They cause depression, relieve
pain and induce Sedation or sleep and Suppress cough.
1. Narcotics are drugs, which relieve pain and produce profound sleep or stupor. Medically, they are potent painkillers, cough
depressants and as an active component of anti-diarrheal preparations. Opium and t derivatives like morphine,
codeine and heroin, as well as the synthetic opiates, methionine and methadone, are Classified as narcotics
2. Opium - derived from a poppy plant-Papaver Somniferum popularly Known as "gum, gamot, Kalamay or panocha”
3. Morphine - most commonly used and best used opiate. Effective as a painkiller and is six times more potent than opium, with
a high dependence- producing potential. Morphine exerts action characterized by analgesia, drowsiness, mood
changes, and mental clouding
4. Heroin-is three to five times more powerful than morphine from which it is derived and the most addicting opium derivative. With
continued use, addiction occurs within 14 days. It may be sniffed on swallowed but is usually Injected in the veins.

1 |. CDI-7 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

 5. Codeine is a derivative of morphine, commonly available in cough preparations. These cough medicines have been widely
abused by the young whenever hard narcotics are difficult to obtain. Withdrawal symptoms are less severe than other
drugs.
6. Paregoric - a tincture of opium in combination with camphor. Commonly used as a household remedy for diarrhoea and
abdominal pain.
7. Demerol and Methadone - common synthetic drugs with morphine - like effects. Demerol is widely used as a painkiller in
childbirth while methadone is the drug of choice in the withdrawal treatment of heroin dependents since it relieves the
physical craving for heroin.
8. Barbiturates are drugs used for inducing sleep in persons plagued with anxiety, mental stress, and insomnia they are also of
value in the treatment of epilepsy and hypertension. They are available in capsules. Pills or tablets, and taken orally or
injected.
9. Seconal - commonly used among hospitality girls. Sudden withdrawal from these drugs is even more dangerous than opiate
withdrawal. The dependent develops generalized convulsions and delirium, which are frequently associated with heart
and respiratory failure.
10. Tranquilizers - are drugs that calm and relax and diminish anxiety. They are used in the treatment of nervous states and some
mental disorders without producing sleep.
11. Volatile Solvents - gaseous substances popularly known to abusers as “gas, teardrops. Examples are plastic glues, hair
spray, and finger nail polish; ignite fluids, rugby, paint, thinner, acetone, turpentine gasoline, Kerosene, varnishes and
other aerosol products. They are inhaled by the use plastic bags, handkerchief or rags
12. Alcohol - the king of all drugs with potential for abuse- Most widely used, socially accepted and most extensively legalized
drug throughout the world. In the field of medicine, it is valuable" as disinfectant, as an external rector reducing high fever
among children, and as preservative and solvent for pharmaceutical preparation, elixirs, spirits and tincture.

THE STIMULANTS (UPPERS)

 They produce effects opposite to that of depressants. Instead of bringing about relaxation and sleep, they produce increased mental
alertness, wakefulness, reduce hunger, and provide a feeling of well-being. Their medical users include narcolepsy – a condition
characterized by an overwhelming desire to sleep. Abrupt withdrawal of the drug from the heavy abuser can result in a deep an d suicidal
depression.
1. Amphetamines used medically for weight reducing in obesity, relief of mild depression and treatment.
2. Cocaine the drug taken from the coca bush plant (Erythroxylon Coca) grows in South America. It is usually in the form of powder
that can be taken orally, injected or sniffed as to achieve euphoria or an intense feeling of "highness".
3. Caffeine it is present in coffee, tea, chocolate, cola drinks, and some wake-up pills.
4. Shabu/ "poor man's cocaine" chemically known as methamphetamine hydrochloride. It is a central nervous system stimulant
and sometimes called "upper" or "speed". It is white, colorless crystal or crystalline powder with a bitter numbing taste.
It can be taken orally, inhaled (snorted), sniffed (chasing the dragon) or injected.
5. Nicotine an active component in tobacco which acts as a powerful stimulant of the central nervous system. A drop of pure
nicotine can easily kill a person.

THE HALLUCINOGENS (PSYCHEDELIC)

 These are group of drugs that consists of a variety of mind-altering drugs, which distort reality, thinking and perceptions of time, sound, space
and sensation. The user experiences hallucination (false perception) which at times can be strange. His "trips" may be exhilarating or
terrifying good or bad. They may dislocate his consciousness and change his mood, thinking and concept of self.

1. Marijuana - It is the most commonly abused hallucinogen in the Philippines because it can be grown extensively in the country
many users choose to smoke marijuana for relaxation in the same way people drink beer or cocktail at the end of
the day. The effects of marijuana include a feeling of grandeur. It can also produce the opposite effect, a dreamy
sensation of time seeming to stretch out.
2. Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) This drug is the most powerful of the psychedelics obtained from ergot, a fungus that attacks
rye kernels. LSD is 1,000 times more powerful than marijuana as supply, large enough for a trip can be taken from
the glue on the flab of an envelope, from the hidden areas inside one's clothes. LSD causes perceptual changes so
that the user sees color, shapes or objects more intensely than normal and may have hallucinations of things that
are not real. To the user, real object changes such as building seems to be crackling open, and walls pulsating. The
user may experience frequent bizarre hallucinations, loss spatial perceptions, personality diffusion and changes in
values. Usually users perceive distortion of time, colors, Sounds and depth. They experience "scent" music and
sounds in "color".
3. Peyote is derived from the surface part of a small gray brown cactus. Peyote emits a nauseating odor and its user suffers from
nausea. This drug causes no physical dependence and therefore, no withdrawal symptoms although in some cases
psychological dependence has been noted.
4. Mescaline it is alkaloid hallucinogen extracted from the peyote cactus and can also synthesized in the laboratory. It produces
less nausea than peyote and shows effects resembling those of LSD although milder in nature.
5. STP (Serenity, Tranquillity, and Peace) –It is a take-off on the motor oil addictive. It is a chemical derivative of mescaline
claimed to produce more violent and longer effects than mescaline dose. Its effects are similar to the nerve gas
used in chemical warfare. It is less potent than LSD although its effects are similar to those of psychedelics.
6. Psilocybin - This hallucinogenic alkaloid from small Mexican mushrooms are used by Mexican Indians today. These mushrooms
induced nausea, muscular relaxation, mood changes with visions of bright colors and shapes, and other
hallucinations. These effects may last for four to five hours and later may be followed by depressions, laziness and
complete loss of time and space perceptions.
7. Morning Glory Seeds - The black and brown seeds of the wild tropical morning glory are used to produce hallucinations. The
seeds are ground into flour, soaked in cold water, then strained though a cloth and drunk. They are sold under the
names of "heavenly blues", "flying dancers', and "pearly gates the active ingredient in the seed is similar to LSD
2 |. CDI-7 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL
 although less potent. The reactions are likened to those resulting from LSD. Prolonged psychosis is also one of its
effects.

THE COMMONLY ABUSED DRUGS

Drugs that are commonly abused depending on their pharmacological effects may be generally classified into:
1. Sedatives are depressant drugs, which reduce anxiety and excitement such as barbiturates, non-barbiturates, tranquilizers and
alcohol.
2. Stimulants are drugs, which increase alertness and activity such as amphetamines, cocaine and caffeine.
3. Hallucinogens/Psychedelics drugs which affect sensation, thinking, self-awareness and emotion such as LSD, mescaline and
marijuana.
4. Narcotics drugs that relieve pain and often induce sleep such as the opiates, morphine codeine and heroin.
5. Solvents - or the volatile substances which are found to be the most commonly abused by children lured into the drug habit.

PLANTS AS A SOURCE OF DANGEROUS DRUGS

PLANTS DESCRIPTION IMAGE
1. The Marijuana Plant  The term marijuana is a Spanish-Mexican term used to refer to the
Indian hemp plant. It is a plant that grows in tropical region and attains
an approximate height of 15 to 20 feet.
 Scientifically named as Cannabis Sativa Lima and a member
Cannabinaceae the family of plants (separate male/ female plant), the
female plant is known as the Pistillate (shorter but long-lived) while the
male plant is called the Staminate (taller but short-lived) while the male
plant is called the Staminate (taller but short-lived).
 Its leaves formed a finger like look- odd in numbers from 3 up 13 finger-
like leaves.
 The stalk of the plant can attain a height of 3 to 16 feet while roots can
attain a length of approximately 8 inches.
 The resin called hashish can be found on the most top portion of thel
plant, the active ingredient or alkaloid of the plant is called cannabin (the
one that produces of the plant is called cannabin (the one that produces
the physiological effect) or the Tetrahydrocannabinnol (THC).
 The concentrated alkaloid which is 5 to 20 times stronger than the plain
marijuana plant. The means of using the drug varies from ingestion to
Smoking.
2. The Opium Poppy  The opium poppy plant is scientifically known as Papaver Somniferum.
Plant  The word Papaver is a Greek term which means poppy while the word
Somniferum is Latin terms dream/induced sleep.
 The plant can grow from 3 to 6 feet in height in originally Mesopotamia.
 The Sumerians called it "Hul Gi" which means plant of joy" due to its
joyful effect when administered.
 Its active ingredient is the Meconic acid - the analgesic property.
 The dangerous drugs that can be derived from the plant are morphine,
heroin, and codeine.

3. The Coca Bush  The coca bush plant is scientifically known as Erythroxylon Coca
Plant common in South America.
 The plant grows in mountainous and tropical climate areas, on clay like
soil.
 In full-grown cultivated coca plant attains a height of 6 to 8 feet and can
be harvested 3 to 4 times in a year.
 The dangerous drug that can be produced from this plant is the drug
Cocaine the most powerful natural stimulant known as cocaine
hydrochloride.

3 |. CDI-7 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

 4. The Epedra Plant  Known to the Chinese as "Ma Huang',
 The Epedra plant (Ephedra Vulgaris) is a psychoactive plant that
contains psychotropic properties one of which is the alkaloid Ephedrine
and pseudoephedrine, an active ingredient of anti- asthma drugs.
 It is an essential chemical precursor in the preparation of drugs such as
Methamphetamine or Amphetamines. Methamphetamine
Hydrochloride commonly known as "shabu' is a product derived from
this plant through chemical processes.
 Known to the Chinese as "Ma Huang',
 The Epedra plant (Ephedra Vulgaris) is a psychoactive plant that
contains psychotropic properties one of which is the alkaloid Ephedrine
and pseudoephedrine, an active ingredient of anti- asthma drugs.
 It is an essential chemical precursor in the preparation of drugs such as
Methamphetamine or Amphetamines. Methamphetamine
Hydrochloride commonly known as "shabu' is a product derived from
this plant through chemical processes.
5. The Peyote Cactus It is also known as "Narcotic Cactus". It is commonly found in Mexico and its
borders. It is the source of the hallucinogen drug known as Mescaline. One
to two hours after the drug is taken, delusions begin to occur. Optical
hallucinations follow one upon another in rapid succession

4 |. CDI-7 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

V. ACTIVITY/EXERCISE
MODULE – 7

NAME:___________________________________________________________DATE:______________________
YEAR/SECTION: __________________________________________________SCORE: ____________________

RESEARCH ACTIVITY:
Instruction: In the box provided, copy and paste an image of the different types of drugs and provide its description.
PLANTS THAT ARE SOURCE OF DANGEROUS DRUGS

MARIJUANA OPIUM POPPY COCA BUSH

EPEDRA PEYOTE MORNING GLORY SEEDS

DIFFERENTS TYPES OF DANGEROUS DRUGS ACCORDING TO EFFECT

DEPRESSANTS

STIMULANTS

HALLUCINOGENS

5 |. CDI-7 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

VI: ASSESSMENT/EVALUATION
Multiple Choice:
Instruction: Read the following items carefully and encircle the letter of your choice. Minimize erasures.

1. The following are the dangerous drugs identities except:

a. Hallucinogens c. Depressants
b. Stimulants d. Narcotics

2. These are group of drugs, which suppress vital body functions especially those of the brain or central nervous system with the resulting impairment
of judgment, hearing, speech and muscular coordination.
a. Hallucinogens c. Depressants
b. Stimulants d. Narcotics

3. The effect of drugs that can cause depression, relieve pain and induce sedation or sleep and suppress cough.
a. Hallucinogens c. Depressants
b. Stimulants d. Narcotics

4. The effect of drugs that can produce increased mental alertness, wakefulness, reduce hunger, and provide a feeling of well-being
a. Hallucinogens c. Depressants
b. Stimulants d. Narcotics

5. These are group of drugs that consists of a variety of mind-altering drugs, which distort reality, thinking and perceptions of time, sound, space and
sensation.
a. Hallucinogens c. Depressants
b. Stimulants d. Narcotics

6. This type of drug, which relieves pain and produce profound sleep or stupor.
a. Narcotics c. Tranquilizers
b. Depressants d. Alcohol

7. In the Medical application, they are potent painkillers, cough depressants and as an active component of anti-diarrheal preparations.
a. Narcotics c. Tranquilizers
b. Paregoric d. Alcohol

8. This drug is derived from a poppy plant-Papaver Somniferum popularly Known as "gum, gamot, Kalamay or panocha”.
a. Opium c. Heroin
b. Morphine d. Alcohol

9. This type of drug is known as “the king of all drugs” with potential for abuse. Most widely used, socially accepted and most extensively legalized
drug throughout the world.
a. Alcohol c. Opium
b. Shabu d. Ecstacy

10. A type of drug used for inducing sleep in persons plagued with anxiety, mental stress, and insomnia they are also of value in the treatment of
epilepsy and hypertension.
a. Paregoric c. Seconal
b. Barbiturates d. Tranquilizers

11. This drug is taken from the coca bush plant (Erythroxylon Coca) grows in South America.
a. Cocaine c. Amphetamines
b. Shabu d. Nicotine

12. It is chemically known as methamphetamine hydrochloride and a central nervous system stimulant and sometimes called "upper" or "speed".
a. a. Cocaine c. Amphetamines
b. Shabu d. Nicotine

13. It is the most commonly abused hallucinogen in the Philippines because it can be grown extensively in the country many users choose to smoke
this drug for relaxation.
a. Marijuana c. Peyote
b. Lysergic Acid Diethylamide d. Mescaline

14. This drug is the most powerful of the psychedelics obtained from ergot.
a. Marijuana c. Peyote
b. Lysergic Acid Diethylamide d. Mescaline

15. These are volatile substances which are found to be the most commonly abused by children lured into the drug habit.
a. Solvents c. Stimulants
b. Sedatives d. Psychedelics

6 |. CDI-7 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL