Scribd
Upload
183 views28 pages

Barchart

This document discusses bar charts and histograms. It defines bar charts as using bars to show comparisons between categories of discrete data. It discusses types of bar charts like single, grouped, stacked, and horizontal. The document also covers how to determine bar range, number, order, and statistics. Finally, it compares bar charts to histograms and lists advantages like showing trends and disadvantages like requiring explanation.

Uploaded by

Adil Bin Khalid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
183 views28 pages

Barchart

This document discusses bar charts and histograms. It defines bar charts as using bars to show comparisons between categories of discrete data. It discusses types of bar charts like single, grouped, stacked, and horizontal. The document also covers how to determine bar range, number, order, and statistics. Finally, it compares bar charts to histograms and lists advantages like showing trends and disadvantages like requiring explanation.

Uploaded by

Adil Bin Khalid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 28

▪ Definition

▪ Types of bar chart


▪ Bar Charts uses
▪ Bar chart statistics
▪ Difference of bar and histogram charts
▪ Advantages & disadvantages
▪ A bar graph is a chart that uses either
horizontal or vertical bars to show
comparisons among categories.
represents a
discrete value.

Axis

shows the specific


Axis categories being
compared
Simple Representations –
•
Bar
Bar graph
Graph
– Presents categorical variables
– Height of bar indicates value
– Double bar graph allows
comparison
– Note spacing between bars
– Can be horizontal (when would
you use this?) Number of police officers

Internet use at a school


Note more space for labels
Dot Graph
• Very simple but effective…
• Horizontal to give more space
for labelling
Bad Visualization: Spreadsheet

Year Sales Sales


1999 2,110
2130
2000 2,105 2125
2001 2,120 2120
2115
2002 2,121 Sales
2110
2003 2,124 2105
2100
2095
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

What is wrong with this graph?


Bad Visualization:
Spreadsheet with misleading Y –
axis

Year Sales Sales


1999 2,110
2130
2000 2,105 2125
2001 2,120 2120
2115
2002 2,121 Sales
2110
2003 2,124 2105
2100
2095
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Y-Axis scale gives WRONG


impression of big change
Better Visualization

Year Sales Sales

1999 2,110 3000


2000 2,105 2500
2001 2,120 2000
1500 Sales
2002 2,121
1000
2003 2,124 500
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Axis from 0 to 2000 scale gives


correct impression of small change + small formatting tricks
Single Stacked
(vertical)

Grouped Horizontal
▪ Single bar graphs are used to convey the
discrete value of the item for each category
shown on the opposing axis.
▪ it is also possible to draw bar charts so that
the bars are horizontal which means that the
longer the bar, the larger the category.
▪ A grouped or clustered bar graph is used to
represent discrete values for more than one
item that share the same category.
▪ Grouped bar charts are a way of showing
information about different sub-groups of the
main categories.
▪ but care needs to be taken to ensure that the
chart does not contain too much information
making it complicated to read and interpret.
▪ Some bar graphs have the bar divided into
subparts that represent the discrete value for
items that represent a portion of a whole
group.
▪ Stacked bar chars are similar to grouped bar
charts in that they are used to display
information about the sub-groups that make
up the different categories.
▪ Stacked bar charts can also be used to show
the percentage contribution different sub-
groups contribute to each separate category.
Bar Charts uses
▪ useful for comparing classes or groups of data.
In bar charts, a class or group can have a
single category of data, or they can be broken
down further into multiple categories for
greater depth of analysis.
Determine • Examine your data to find the bar with
the the largest value. This will help you
discrete determine the range of the vertical axis
range and the size of each increment.

Determine • Examine your data to find how many bars


the your chart will contain. Use this number to
number of draw and label the horizontal axis.
bars
Determine • Bars may be arranged in any order. (A
bar chart arranged from highest to
the order lowest incidence is called a Pareto
of the bars chart).

• If you are preparing a grouped bar


Draw the graph, remember to present the
bars information in the same order in each
grouping
the average height of all the
Mean
bars.

the maximum value (tallest


Maximum
bar) in the series.

the minimum value (shortest


Minimum
bar) in the series.
Bar chart
statistics
the number of values (bars) in
Sample Size
the series.

the maximum value minus the


Range
minimum value.

Standard Indicates how widely data is


Deviation spread around the mean.
the tallest bar.

the shortest bar.

growth or shrinking of the bars

one bar relative to another.

change in bars representing the same


category in different classes
Other tips
▪ Watch out for inconsistent scales. If you're
comparing two or more charts, be sure they
use the same scale. If they don't have the
same scale, be aware of the differences and
how they might trick your eye.
▪ Be sure that all your classes are equal. For
example, don't mix weeks and months, years
and half-years.
Other tips
▪ Be sure that the interval between classes is
consistent. For example, if you want to
compare current data that goes month by
month to older data that is only available for
every six months, either use current data for
every six months or show the older data with
blanks for the missing months.
Bar graph Histogram graph
type of data type of data
▪ In bar graphs are usually ▪ used to present "continuous
used to display "categorical data", that is data that
data", that is data that fits represents measured
into categories quantity where, at least in
theory, the numbers can
take on any value in a
certain range
Bar graph Histogram graph
the way they are drawn the way they are drawn
▪ the bars in bar graphs are ▪ the bars are adjacent to
usually separated each other
Advantages
1. show each data category in a frequency
distribution
2. display relative numbers or proportions
3. summarize a large data set in visual form
4. clarify trends better than do tables
5. estimate key values at a glance
6. permit a visual check of the accuracy
7. be easily understood
Disadvantages
1. require additional explanation
2. be easily manipulated to yield false
impressions
3. fail to reveal key assumptions, causes,
effects, or patterns

You might also like