Harvard (UTS) Reference Guide

Reference List Formats

Book
Author/s Year, Title, Edition, Publisher, Place of publication.
Examples
Billoski, T.V. 1992, Introduction to Paleontology, 6th edn, Institutional Press, New York.
Szczepaniak, P.S. & Niedzwiedzinski, M. 2002, E-Commerce and Intelligent Methods, 6th edn, Physica-Verlag, Heidelberg.

Edited book
Editor (ed.) Year, Title, Edition, Publisher, Place of publication.
Examples
Luczkovich, J.J. (ed.) 1995, Ecomorphology of Fishes, 6th edn, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
Turner, S.P. & Roth, P.A. (eds) 2003, Blackwell Guide to the Philosophy of the Social Sciences, Blackwell, Oxford.

Translated Book
If you use a 1990 translation of a 1980 work, your reference should show 1990 as the date and the title in English. If, however,
you use the 1980 original, your reference should show 1980 as the date and the title should be in the original language as shown
below. If you have used both, provide reference details for both books. The translator should come after the title, as follows:
Author Year, Title in English, trans. name, Publisher, Place of Publication.
Examples
For the translation:
de Cervantes Saavedra, M. 2003, Don Quixote, trans. E. Grossman, HarperCollins, New York.
Bourdieu, P. 1990, The Logic of Practice, trans. R. Nice, Polity Press, Cambridge, U.K.
For the original work:
Bourdieu, P. 1980, Le Sens Pratique, Gallimard, Paris.

Book without a Personal Author

Name of organisation Year, Title, Edition, Publisher, Place of publication.
Examples
Australia Treasury 2002, IT Infrastructure : Statement of Direction 2002 to 2005, Govt Printer, Canberra.
Australia Treasury 2002, Fuel Tax Inquiry Report, Govt. Printer, Canberra.

Book with no Author or Editor

If no author or editor is mentioned the entry starts with the title of the book.
Title Year, Publisher, Place of publication.
Maximum Linux security: a hacker's guide to protecting your Linux server and workstation 1999, Prentice Hall, Hemel
Hampstead.

Chapter in an Edited Book

Author(s) of chapter Year, 'Title of Chapter' in Editor (ed.), Title of book, Publisher, Place of publication, page numbers.
Examples
Coleman, S. 2003, 'Democracy in an e-connected world', in R.Davidson (ed.), The E-Connected World: Risks and Opportunities,
McGill Queens University Press, Montreal, pp. 125-32.
Schwartz, M.T. & Billoski, T.V. 1990, 'Greenhouse hypothesis: effect on dinosaur extinction', in B.T. Jones & N.V. Lovecraft (eds),
Extinction, Barnes and Ellis, New York, pp. 175-89.

E-book (Online book)

Online book databases that display the page numbers reference as you would reference a print publication. If no page numbers
are visible reference as follows:
Author(s) Year, Title, Publisher, date viewed, <URL>.
Examples
Dye, C. 1999, Oracle Distributed Systems, O'Reilly, viewed 7 July
2005,<http://proquest.safaribooksonline.com/1565924320/ch02-11274>.
Hart, J.D. & Leininger, P.W. 1995, The Oxford Companion to American Literature, Oxford University Press, viewed 10 October
2005, <http://www.oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?entry=t123.e0017>

Journal Article

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If the article is retrieved from an online journal database and is also available in print, you can cite your reference as print
copy.
Author Year, 'Title of article', Title of Journal, volume, issue or part (if applicable), page numbers.
Examples
Seaman, C.B., Mendonca, M.G. & Kim, Y.M. 2003, 'User interface evaluation', IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, vol. 29,
no. 9, pp. 838-51.
Alvarez, W. & Muller, R.A. 1984, 'Evidence from crater ages for periodic impacts on the earth', Nature, vol. 308, pp. 718-20.

If your article is from the World Wide Web and there are no pages given in the citation cite as follows
Author Year, 'Title of article', Journal, Volume, Issue, Date viewed, <URL>
 Title of the article has single quotations
 The journal name is in italics.
 Date viewed listed after Volume, Issue, is the date you viewed the website and should be Day Month Year, eg. viewed 1
April 2003.
 Type the full URL within angle brackets, eg <http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue38/guy/>
Example
Smith, Linda S. 2002, 'Is this scholarship?', The Australian Electronic Journal of Nursing Education, vol. 8, no. 1, viewed 6 August
2003, <http://www.scu.edu.au/schools/nhcp/aejne/>

Magazine Article
The major difference between a magazine and a journal publication is that a magazine is usually issued more frequently (i.e.,
daily, weekly, monthly). The magazine article can be short and written for a broad audience. Magazines are usually distinguished
by the date issued rather than a volume and issue number.
Cite a magazine article the same as a journal article reference only replace the volume with the issued date.
Author Year, 'Article Title', Magazine, Issued date, Pages
Examples
Gutner, T. 2004, 'Fashion', Business Week, 3 August, p. 90
Trivette, D. 1994, '3-D Dinosaur Adventure brings Jurassic age to life', PC Magazine, March 15, p. 452.

If your magazine article is from the World Wide Web and there are no pages given in the citation treat as follows
Author Year, 'Article title', Magazine, Issued date (If applicable), Date viewed, <URL>.
Examples
Hollis, M. 2004, 'Probing the crystal structure of fine art', Innovation: Built Environment & Manufacturing, June, viewed 2 July
2004, <http://www.cmit.csiro.au/innovation/2004-06/>
Marieke, G., Powell, A. & Day M. 2004, 'Improving the quality of metadata in eprint archives', Ariadne : the Internet Magazine
for Librarians and Information Specialists, January, viewed 1 April 2003, <http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue38/guy/>

Newspaper Article
Cite a newspaper article the same as a journal article reference only replace the volume and issue with the issued date.
Reporter Year, 'Article title', Newspaper (Section), Issued date, Pages.
 If the newspaper article is retrieved from an online journal database and is also available in print, cite your reference as
print copy.
 Only use Newspaper Section, eg Good Weekend, if the article is from a section of the newspaper with its own
independent page numbering.
Example
Robson, F. 2001, 'Ski bums', Sydney Morning Herald (Good Weekend), 14 July, p. 29.
Peatling, S. & Malkin, B. 2004, 'Employers face ban on email spying', Sydney Morning Herald, 31 March, p. 17

If the newspaper article is from a website and there are no pages given in the citation treat as follows.
Reporter Year, 'Article title', Newspaper, Issued Date, Date viewed, <URL>.
 Date viewed listed after Pages, is the date you viewed the website and should be Day Month Year, eg. viewed 1 April
2003.
 Type the full URL surrounded by angle brackets.
Example
Higgins, C. 2004, 'Moore turns up heat in Cannes', Sydney Morning Herald, 18 May, viewed 18 May 2004,
<http://www.smh.com.au/18May/Cannes/>.

Conference Paper

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This reference type is used for citing a paper delivered during a conference. If you want to cite the whole conference
proceedings, treat it as an edited book instead.
Author Year, 'Title of conference paper', Conference Name, Publisher, Conference Location, Pages.
Examples
Fisse, B. 2000, 'Price exploitation and the new tax scheme', Competition Law and Regulation, University of New South Wales
Faculty of Law, Sydney Hilton Hotel, pp. 1-17.
Lutz, T.M. 1986, 'Evaluating periodic, episodic and Poisson models', Geological Society of America 99th Annual Meeting
Abstracts with Program, eds M. Taluv & J. Carson, Geological Society of America, Bozeman, MT, p. 677-89.

World Wide Web

Use this reference type for a web site.
Author, Year, Title, Producer, Date viewed, <URL>.
 Author of the page if it is an article or Author is the person or organisation who owns the website.
 Year is the year the webpage was last updated.
 Producer (if known) is the person or organisation actually responsible for creating the website (leave out if not obvious)
 Date viewed is the date you viewed the website and should be Day Month Year eg viewed 1 April 2004.
 Put angle brackets around the URL, eg <http://www.science.org.au >
Examples
Robertson, P. 2001, Astronomy in the Deep Freeze, Australian Academy of Science, viewed 1 April 2004,
<http://www.science.org.au/nova/065/065key.htm>.
Australian Electoral Commission 2002, Federal Election 2001 (Electoral Newsfile No.105 March 2002), Australian Electoral
Commission, viewed 17 March 2004, <http://www.aec.gov.au/EF/105/>.

Motion picture & Audiovisual Material

This reference type is used for films, videorecordings, CD-ROMs, DVDs, cassettes.
Title Year, Medium, Production Company, City
 Medium must be one of motion picture, videorecording, CD-ROMs, DVDs, cassettes.
 Production company or the publisher.
Example
Annie Hall 1977, motion picture, United Artists, Santa Monica, Calif.
The Edge of the Possible 1998, videorecording, Film Art Doco Productions, Canberra.
Attack on the Wires 2002, videorecording, BBC for the Open University, London.

Television and Radio Program

This reference type is used for; television programs and radio programs
Title Year, Medium, Series Title, TV or Radio Station, City, Broadcast date.
 Medium must be one of: television program, radio broadcast.
 Series title if known.
 Broadcast date (if known) is used for the broadcast day and must be Day Month.
Examples
Canberra Firestorm 2003, television program, Catalyst Television Program, ABC TV, Sydney, 3 March.
Shock! Horror! 2004, television program, This is Modern Art 2, ABC TV, Sydney, 19 May.
PM 2004, radio broadcast, ABC Radio 702AM, Sydney, 2 June.