Motivation Among Employees in Multinational Corporations

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KOLEHIYO NG SUBIC

WFI COMPOUND WAWANDUE, SUBIC, ZAMBALES

MOTIVATION AMONG EMPLOYEES IN MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS

Thesis Paper

Bachelor of Science in Business Administration

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Business

Administration Major in Human Resource Management

Presented To:

Dr. Elisa M. Benitez CPA, MBM, DPA

Presented By:

Eduard Quen Mateo

December 05, 2021

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APPROVAL SHEET

In partial fulfillment of the requirements of the courses THESIS entitled:


MOTIVATION AMONG EMPLOYEES IN MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS: A
THESIS PAPER has been prepared and submitted by EDUARD QUEN MATEO who is
hereby recommended for oral defense.

___________________ ___________________

Panel Panel

Accepted in partial fulfillment for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Business

Administration.

_______________________________________

DR. ELISA BENITEZ, CPA, MBM

Adviser

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The proponent of this study would like to give gratitude to the people who helped and

guided us and making this feasibility possible.

First of all, I am very grateful to our Almighty God for giving us wisdom, patience,

skills and knowledge throughout the four years of college life.

To the instructor who always guided me through the process of making these Thesis

Paper possible, for giving me enough ideas, advices and pushing me to be more creative and

productive.

To Mrs. Elisa Benitez, CPA, DPA I am very grateful for sharing your knowledge,

skills and being one of the instructors who guided me.

To my Parents, their Understanding and support during this Feasibility Study is very

well appreciated.

This Feasibility Study will not be possible without their support and advices. Thank You!

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DEDICATION

This study is wholeheartedly dedicated to our beloved parents, who have been our
source of inspiration and gave us strength when we thought of giving up, who continually
provide their moral, spiritual, emotional, and financial support.

To our brothers, sisters, relatives, mentor, friends, and classmates who shared their
words of advice and encouragement to finish this study.

And lastly, we dedicated this book to the Almighty God, thank you for the guidance,
strength, power of mind, protection and skills and for giving us a healthy life. All of these, we
offer to you.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page/s

TITLE
PAGE…………………………………………………………………………………………
………………. . i
APPROVAL SHEET………………………………………………….
…………………………………………….. ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT…………………………………………….
……………………………………………. iii
DEDICATION…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………. iv
TABLE OF
CONTENTS……………………………………………………………………………………
……. v - vi
LIST OF
TABLES………………………………………………………………………………………
…………….. vii
LIST OF
FIGURES………………………………………………………………………………………
…………… viii
LIST OF
APPENDICES…………………………………………………………………………………
………….. ix
ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………………
………………………x - xi

Chapter
1 THE
PROBLEM……………………………………………………………………………………...
1-5
1.1
Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………
1
1.2 Brief Background of the
Study………………………………………………………… 1-2
1.3 Research Objective…………………………………………………………….
…………… 3-4
1. 4 Significant of the
Study………………………………………………………………….. 4
1. 5 Scope and Limitations of the
Study………………………………………………… 4
1. 6 Research
Question…………………………………………………………………………. 4
1. 7 Outline………………………………………………………………….
………………………. 5
2 REVIEWS OF RELATED LITERATURE AND
STUDIES……………………………. 5-23

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2.1 Work
Motivation…………………………………………………………………………….. 5-6
2.2 Motivational
Theories…………………………………………………………………….. 6-7
2.2.1 Abraham Harold
Maslow………………………………………………………… 7-9
2.2.2 Frederick
Herzberg…………………………………………………………….. 10-11
2.2.3 Paul
Lawrence…………………………………………………………………… 11-12
2.3 Motivational
Concept………………………………………………………………………. 13
2.3.1 Intrinsic
Motivation…………………………………………………………… 13-14
2.3.2 Extrinsic
Motivation……………………………………………………………… 14
2.4 Motivational
Factors…………………………………………………………………… 14-15
2.4.1 Creative and Challenging
Work…………………………………………… 15-16 2.4.2 High
Salary………………………………………………………………………… 16-17
2.4.3 Individual Growth and
Development…………………………………………17
2.4.4 Good Relationship with Supervisor and Colleagues………………17-20
2.5 Multinational
Corporations………………………………………………………… 20-21
2.6 Summary and Discussion of Literature Review…………………………… 21-
23
2.7
Propositions…………………………………………………………………………………….
23

3 RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY……………………………………………………………….. 24-27
3.1
Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………
…. 24
3.2 Research
Philosophy………………………………………………………………………24-25
3. 3 Research
Approach………………………………………………………………………..25-26
3.4 Choice of
Theory………………………………………………………………………………… 27
3.5 Choice of
Methodology…………………………………………………………………………27

4 PRESENTATION ANALYSIS OF DATA AND


INTERPRETATION OF
FINDING………………………………………………………… 28-48

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4.1 Research Design and
Strategy…………………………………………………………… 28
4.2 Time
Horizon…………………………………………………………………………………… 29
4.3 Data
Collection…………………………………………………………………………… 29-30
4.3.1
Interviews………………………………………………………………………… 30-32
4.4 Sample
Selection………………………………………………………………………… 32-34
4.5
Operationalization……………………………………………………………………………
34
4.5.1 Work Motivation (Question No. 3)
……………………………………………. 34
4.5.2 Motivational Factors (Question No. 8)
………………………………………. 34
4.5.3 Satisfaction (Question No. 6)
…………………………………………………… 35
4.5.4 Goals (Question No.10)
…………………………………………………………… 35
4.5.5 Characteristics of the Companies and
Employees (Question No. 1)
…………………………………………………… 35
4.6
Reliability……………………………………………………………………………………35-
36
4.7
Validity………………………………………………………………………………………
36-37
4.8
Generalizability………………………………………………………………………………
37
4.9 Empirical
Findings………………………………………………………………………… 37
4.9.1
Sample…………………………………………………………………………………… 37
4.9.2 Results from the
Interviews………………………………………………… 37-43
4.10
Analysis…………………………………………………………………………………… 43-
44
4.10.1 Analysis of Demographic Variables………………………….…………
44-46
4.10.2 Analysis of Motivational
Factors………………………………………… 46-47
4.10.3 Analysis of Motivational Theories………………………………………
47-48

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5 SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS………………………… 48-52
5.1
Summary………………………………………………………………………………………
48-49
5.2
Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………
49-50
5.3 Futures
Studies…………………………………………………………………………………. 51
5.4
Recommendations………………………………………………………………………… 51-
52

BIBLIOGRAPHY
CURRICULUM VITAE
APPENDIX

LIST OF TABLES

Page/s

Table 2.1: The most and least important motivational factors (1946-1992) ......................... 15

Table 3.1: Two broad research traditions................................................................................ 26

Table 4.1: Overview of interviewees ..................................................................................... 34

Table 5.1: Summary of motivational factors .......................................................................... 43

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LIST OF FIGURES

Page/s

Figure 2.1: Maslow´s Hierarchy of needs............................................................................... 8


Figure 2.2 Maslow & Herzberg:.............................................................................................11
Figure 2.3 Extrinsic and Intrinsic needs.................................................................................14
Figure 3.1 The research “onion”............................................................................................. 24
Figure 4.1: Population, sample and individual cases ............................................................. 33

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Figure 4.2: Reliable and unreliable shooting .......................................................................... 36

LIST OF APPENDICES

Page/s
APPENDIX 1: Interview Questions: Work motivation ................................................. 56-57

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ABSTRACT

Name of Researcher : Eduard Quen Mateo

Degree/ Program : Business Administration

Specialization : Human Resources Management

Date Finished : December 05, 2021

Adviser : Dr. Elisa M. Benitez CPA, MBM, DPA

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Thesis Title : Motivation Among Employees in Multinational Corporations

Problem : Motivation is the number one problem facing businesses today. It is


essential for employers to recognize what motivates employees in order to improve
productivity and ensure the success of the company (Wiley, 1997). Even though employee
motivation is a well-researched topic, most studies have particularly focused on small
domestic companies. Opportunities within MNCs and small companies are significantly
different. Qualitative methods in the field of management is very limited, which the article by
Cassell, Symon, Buehring and Johnson (2006) supports.

Purpose : The purpose of this dissertation is to explore what motivates


employees to work. Focus will be on employees working in multinational corporations in
Sweden. In order to do so, we aim to identify key factors which have an impact on motivation
at work. This study will contribute with a framework of motivational factors in a
organization. It will also give an insight in employees’ attitudes towards motivation and what
motivation means to them.

Methodology : This thesis will use a qualitative method. The study is based on an
interpretivist philosophy with an abductive research approach. In order to answer our
research question, primary data is collected through interviews with a number of employees
from multinational companies in Sweden. This research strategy enables us to make
investigations about work motivation.

Conclusions : After analyzing the motivational factors in our study, we can make
the conclusion that motivation is highly personal and differs from individual to individual.
Work motivation is also not consistent over time, meaning, the factor which motivates an
individual today will most likely not be the same motivational factor a year from now. It is
clear that personal circumstances will have an impact on employee motivation. Results reveal
that employees who are in the same profession are similarly motivated and satisfied in their
work.

Keywords : Employee motivation, multinational corporations, motivational


factors.

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