Veneers

Group 2
Apoorva
Ashutosh
Rahym
M.H. Uzair
Osama
 ❖ Veneer is the finest expression of wood. It is a thin decorative covering of
the wood applied to any other material. A thin layer of wood cut from log.
❖ Decorative timber veneer is generally produced from the highest quality
What is veneer ? logs.
❖ This means that there are no faults such as knots , discoloration or gum
vein.
❖ It is a visual grade rather than structural
Is Veneering New ?
Veneering - An Ancient Art
Veneer is not a modern invention. History shows us
that the ancient Egyptians were the first to saw thin
boards from logs in order to best utilize the material.

The history of veneer actually starts with the idea of

conservation. Egypt consists mostly of desert, so
timber was rare and was highly valued as much as
the precious stones that were used for the elaborate
decoration of furniture.

It only made sense. There were not many forests in

the Egyptian controlled territories, so they had to
stretch what wood they had.

As a result, veneers came into being where no large

forests marked the landscape, but instead in a place
where timber, as a raw material, was rare and its
products were highly sought after. Veneer carriers
were highly regarded

Old Kingdom Egyptians developed tools for shaving

veneer from logs imported from Lebanon, Syria and
Phoenicia. Thousands of years ago, incredible veneer
work made of ebony and ivory was put into King Tut’s
tomb in Egypt.
History Fact
Examples of veneered furniture more than 3500 years old
were discovered in the tombs of the Egyptian pharaohs.

Veneered work was also produced in great quantity by the

Romans during the time of the Roman Empire.

After this, veneering went out of fashion for a long time, until
Medieval Veneer Making
it was revived in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

Extensive use of veneer characterizes both the Victorian and

Federal periods, but its popularity waned until it again
became popular in the late twentieth century.

Historic Evolution
❖ Originated in Egypt.
❖ Logs were sawed into thin boards.
❖ 19th Century slicing and peeling began.
❖ Became an industry in the 1950’s.
First model veneer production machine
Manufacturing of veneers
Step 1 – Log Yard:
They are classified by species and kept under
conditions of optimal humidity by spraying water or
by soaking in water ponds. This is done to prevent the
tree log from degrading which usually occurs as a
result of drying.

Step 2 – Debarking:
The next step is debarking. Taking great care not to
damage the tree log the bark is peeled off with
evenness.

Step 3 – Soaking of Logs:

The next step involves soaking the log to soften the
fiber. It is necessary for uniform slicing.
Step 4 – Cutting the Logs:
The key operation of how and where a tree log should be
cut depends on the slicing method used to produce veneer.

Step 5 – Peeling:
In this step, the tree logs are sliced to veneer sheets. There
are distinct methods to slice a veneer from hardwood logs.
(a) Flat Slicing:
(b) Rotary Cut:
(c) Quarter Slicing
(d) Rift Slicing
(e) Half Round Slicing

Step 6 – Drying
One by one the slices of veneer carefully enter the dryer,
where they are dried evenly within a few minutes. Air
temperature of up to 320°F at high velocity is blasted on the
surface. The veneer must be dried in such a way that it has
at least 8-12% of moisture content.
Step 7 – Quality Check
As veneer slices leave the dryer, they are again reassembled to reconstruct the log which never
separates. The identification is subjected to several verifications. It involves examining and classifying
the wood veneer.

Step 8 – Clipping
They are cut with clipper to obtain sheets that are even in length. A similar clipping or cutting process
is performed to acquire sheets of a proper width. The quality of the veneer panel depends on the
precision and angle of the cut. Panels are then headed to the glue machine, which bonds the edges
of the veneer sheets.

Step 9 – Splicing:
Here the veneer sheets are assembled to produce a match. The pressure exerted and the heat used
ensures a solid, consistent match. A wide range of veneer matching available as follows:
❖ Book match
❖ Slip Match
❖ Reverse Slip Match
❖ Running Match
❖ Balance Match
❖ Random Match
❖ End Match
Natural veneer - is obtained by slicing timber logs.

Reconstituted veneer - a type of man-made wood

veneer. It is an environmentally friendly alternative to
expensive rare and exotic wood species.
Characteristics
❖ Recyclability & renewability: Wood has the least
impact on total energy use , greenhouse gasses,
air & water pollution, solid waste & ecological
resources use.70% less energy is required in the use
of wood compared with any other building
materials.
❖ Sustainability:- Using veneer extends the use of a
piece of timber .The wood that might be used in
one solid piece a few visible cm wide can cover a
far greater area when used as veneer.
❖ Toxicity:- Nontoxic; veneer stores carbon & also
maximies the use of harvested wood.

Properties
❖ Sound Insulation ❖ Aesthetic Appearance
❖ Fire Safety ❖ Colour Permanence
❖ Moisture Repellent ❖ Figure Flexible
❖ Electrical Conductivity
1 2 3
Cut the substrate (the material that the veneer is Select the most appealing section of the veneer Place your template over the desired section of veneer
actually applied to) to the exact finish size. pattern, which will be visible in the finished piece, and cut out that portion, leaving approximately one-
keeping in mind that any excess will be trimmed. half inch, or 1.27 centimeters (0.5 in), of excess on each
side.

4
Center the selected pattern section over the substrate 6
5
panel and apply the contact cement, following the Using maximum pressure, roll the veneer smooth by
Use extreme caution when positioning the two
manufacturer's instructions, to both the veneer and the starting in the center and working out toward the
elements for adherence.
substrate. edges using a veneer roller.

7 8
Turn your piece upside down and use a razor knife to 9
Still using maximum pressure, smooth the surface with
trim the excess veneer, using the edges of the substrate Allow ample time for curing and drying before
a smoothing blade to verify that the veneer is
as your guide. finishing the piece.
completely adhered.
Different Types of Veneer Matching
BOOK MATCHING SLIP MATCHING
veneer leaf is folded out with its mirror image Slip matching involves laying the veneer leaves face up, and
side by side.

REVERSE SLIP MATCHING RANDOM MATCHED

To create this style, veneer leaves are slip matched then veneer leaves are placed next to each other in random order
every alternate leaf is turned on its end. and orientation and randomly spliced edge to edge
QUARTER MATCHING SPECIALITY
Four veneer pieces are book matched both from side
to side and from top to bottom.
MATCHING
This is a technique that
utilizes, natural grain
patterns to create distinct
patterns, such as
herringbone, ‘v’ matched
designs or radiating
sunburst-like patterns.

JOINING
Various grain patterns can be ‘joined up’ to form larger visual
patterns and solve spatial issues
 • Wall Panels
• Furniture
USES • Ceilings
• Artwork
• Cabinets
Market Survey
Price Range Of Wood Veneer According
To Brand In India

Brand Min. Price Max. Price

Greenply ₹ 2196/Piece ₹ 2585/Piece

Natural Veneer ₹ 120/Square Feet ₹ 135/Square Feet

Century ₹40/Square Feet ₹ 50/Square Feet