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Digits in Numbers: E-OLYMP 1. Simple Problem

The document discusses ways to extract digits from numbers of varying lengths and perform operations on those digits. It provides formulas for obtaining the digits of 2, 3, and 4-digit numbers using integer division and modulo operations. Examples are given of problems involving finding digit sums, products, minimums, swapping digits, and more. Formulas shown allow decomposing numbers into decimal places for manipulation of individual digits.

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vivek
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79 views

Digits in Numbers: E-OLYMP 1. Simple Problem

The document discusses ways to extract digits from numbers of varying lengths and perform operations on those digits. It provides formulas for obtaining the digits of 2, 3, and 4-digit numbers using integer division and modulo operations. Examples are given of problems involving finding digit sums, products, minimums, swapping digits, and more. Formulas shown allow decomposing numbers into decimal places for manipulation of individual digits.

Uploaded by

vivek
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Digits in numbers

In real math world you can freely work with numbers: add, subtract, multiply,
divide, or to use more complicated operations. But what if you need to do something
with digits of a given number? For example, find the sum of digits, or find the minimum
digit in a number? For these questions we consider two cases:
 the given number has specific number of digits;
 the given number can have any amount of digits;

Let we have two-digit integer n = ab . This notation means that n has a tens and b
ones. For example, if n = 45, then a = 4, b = 5. How can we get the values of a and b
out of n? Here is the formulas:
a = n / 10;
b = n % 10;
Let’s check:
 45 / 10 = 4 (operation / for integers is an integer division);
 45 % 10 = 5 (remainder after dividing 45 by 10 is 5);

Integer division by 10 usually means removing the last digit. For example:
n 123 78 100 92 1234

n / 10 12 7 10 9 123

E-OLYMP 1. Simple problem Two-digit number n is given. Print its first and
second digit space separated.
► Let n = ab . Find the values of a and b and print them space separated.

E-OLYMP 5175. The last digit Print the last digit of number n.
► The last digit of n is n % 10.

E-OLYMP 8602. Third from right Print the third digit from the right of n.
► The third digit from the right of n is n / 100 % 10.

E-OLYMP 8601. Swap the digits in two-digit integer Given two-digit positive
integer n. Print the number after swapping its digits.
► If n = ab , the resulting number res = ba . This number can be obtained like
res = b * 10 + a

E-OLYMP 939. The square of sum Find the square of sum of digits of two digit
integer n.
► If n = ab , the result is (a + b)2.

Let we have three-digit integer n = abс . The formulas for digits are:
a = n / 100;
b = n / 10 % 10;
c = n % 10;

If you want to get numbers obtained by digits permutation of n, the results can be:
x = cba : x = c * 100 + b * 10 + a;
x = bca : x = b * 100 + c * 10 + a;

E-OLYMP 8599. Digits of 3-digit number Print the digits of 3-digit integer n
space separated.
► Let n = abс . Find a, b, c and print them space separated.

E-OLYMP 906. Product of digits Find the product of digits of 3-digit number n.
► Let n = abс . Find a, b, c and print their product.

Let we have four-digit integer n = abcd . Do you remember that division by 10


means removing the last digit?
n n / 10 n / 100 n / 1000

abcd abc ab a
The formulas for digits are:
a = n / 1000;
b = n / 100 % 10;
c = n / 10 % 10;
d = n % 10;

E-OLYMP 959. Sum of digits Find the sum of the first and the last digit in a four
digit positive integer n.
► Let n = abcd . Find the sum a + d.

E-OLYMP 9422. Left and right Swap the first and the last digit in a four digit
positive integer n.
► If n = abcd , the resulting number res = dbca . This number can be obtained like
res = d * 1000 + b * 100 + c * 10 + a

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