Multimedia with

Internet and Animation

Unit 4
WWW

► The World Wide Web (WWW), commonly known as the Web, is an information
system where documents and other web resources are identified by Uniform
Resource Locators (URLs, such as https://example.com/), which may be
interlinked by hyperlinks, and are accessible over the Internet.The resources
of the Web are transferred via the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), may
be accessed by users by a software application called a web browser, and are
published by a software application called a web server.
Tools for the WWW
How the World Wide Web Works?

► Now, we have understood that WWW is a collection of websites

connected to the internet so that people can search and share
information. Now, let us understand how it works!
► The Web works as per the internet's basic client-server format as
shown in the following image. The servers store and transfer web
pages or information to user's computers on the network when
requested by the users. A web server is a software program which
serves the web pages requested by web users using a browser. The
computer of a user who requests documents from a server is known
as a client. Browser, which is installed on the user' computer, allows
users to view the retrieved documents.
► All the websites are stored in web servers. Just as someone lives on
rent in a house, a website occupies a space in a server and remains
stored in it. The server hosts the website whenever a user requests
its WebPages, and the website owner has to pay the hosting price for
the same.
► The moment you open the browser and type a URL in the address bar
or search something on Google, the WWW starts working. There are
three main technologies involved in transferring information (web
pages) from servers to clients (computers of users). These
technologies include Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), Hypertext
Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Web browsers.
Web Server
► A web server is a computer that runs websites. It's a computer program that distributes web
pages as they are requisitioned. The basic objective of the web server is to store, process and
deliver web pages to the users. This intercommunication is done using Hypertext Transfer
Protocol (HTTP). These web pages are mostly static content that includes HTML documents,
images, style sheets, test etc. Apart from HTTP, a web server also supports SMTP (Simple Mail
transfer Protocol) and FTP (File Transfer Protocol) protocol for emailing and for file transfer
and storage.
► The main job of a web server is to display the website content. If a web server is not exposed to
the public and is used internally, then it is called Intranet Server. When anyone requests for a
website by adding the URL or web address on a web browser’s (like Chrome or Firefox)
address bar (like www.economictimes.com), the browser sends a request to the Internet for
viewing the corresponding web page for that address. A Domain Name Server (DNS) converts
this URL to an IP Address (For example 192.168.216.345), which in turn points to a Web
Server.
Web Server contd…

► The Web Server is requested to present the content website to the user’s browser. All
websites on the Internet have a unique identifier in terms of an IP address. This Internet
Protocol address is used to communicate between different servers across the Internet.
These days, Apache server is the most common web server available in the market.
Apache is an open source software that handles almost 70 percent of all websites
available today. Most of the web-based applications use Apache as their default Web
Server environment. Another web server that is generally available is Internet
Information Service (IIS). IIS is owned by Microsoft.
HTML

► HTML is a standard markup language which is used for creating web

pages. It describes the structure of web pages through HTML
elements or tags. These tags are used to organize the pieces of
content such as 'heading,' 'paragraph,' 'table,' 'Image,' and more.
You don't see HTML tags when you open a webpage as browsers
don't display the tags and use them only to render the content of a
web page. In simple words, HTML is used to display text, images, and
other resources through a Web browser.
Web Browser

► A web browser, which is commonly known as a browser, is a program

that displays text, data, pictures, videos, animation, and more. It
provides a software interface that allows you to click hyperlinked
resources on the World Wide Web. When you double click the
Browser icon installed on your computer to launch it, you get
connected to the World Wide Web and can search Google or type a
URL into the address bar.
► In the beginning, browsers were used only for browsing due to their
limited potential. Today, they are more advanced; along with
browsing you can use them for e-mailing, transferring multimedia
files, using social media sites, and participating in online discussion
groups and more. Some of the commonly used browsers include
Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, Safari, and more.
Web page makers and editors

► Web Page Maker is an easy to use web creator that helps you make your own
web pages with no experience or HTML knowledge. Just drag and drop
images, text, music and video.. into a layout. During the edit process, you
can easily move the objects with your mouse to anywhere on the page. Web
Page Maker comes with some high quality templates that help you to get
started. Other features include thumbnail, mouse-over effects, ready-to-use
Java Script effects, text link style sheet, tables, forms, iframes etc... The
program also includes a built-in FTP publisher to allow you upload your site to
the Internet by pressing a publish button.

http://www.webpage-maker.com/files/wpm.pdf

https://download.cnet.com/Web-Page-Maker/3000-1024
7_4-10213459.html
Plug-Ins and Delivery Vehicles
• Plug-ins add capabilities to the web browser.
• Plug-ins are also sometimes called helper applications.
• If your content requires a plug-in, don’t forget that users must have the plug-in installed.
• Provide a link to help the user obtain the plug-in.
• Decide whether requiring a plug-in is worthwhile.

Types of plug-ins include :-

Text (such as Adobe Acrobat Reader)
Images (such as Macromedia Shockwave) which allows the display of vector graphics.
Sound - Plug-ins such as Real player, QuickTime, and Windows Media Player can play music.
Animation, video, and presentation - Real player, QuickTime, and Windows Media player also
play animations and video.
Flash and Shockwave are used for animation and presentation.
Microsoft PowerPoint can be used for online presentations

http://desource.uvu.edu/dgm/2120/in/steinja/lessons/08/08_03.html
VRML(Virtual Reality Modeling Language)

VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language) is a language for describing

three-dimensional ( 3-D ) image sequences and possible user interactions to go
with them.
Using VRML, you can build a sequence of visual images into Web settings with
which a user can interact by viewing, moving, rotating, and otherwise interacting
with an apparently 3-D scene. For example, you can view a room and use
controls to move the room as you would experience it if you were walking through
it in real space.
VRML is used to illustrate 3-D objects, buildings, landscapes or other
items requiring 3-D structure
Designing for the WWW – Working on the
Web
Web designers build or redesign websites. They understand what it takes to make a
website functional and easy to use, but also understand what is needed to make it
aesthetically appealing to the user.
Web design is a rapidly growing industry, as digital media has become part of
everyone's lives and people rely on the web for their communications, information,
shopping, social life, and more.

Designing for the web is different than designing for any other medium. The breadth of
skills required is sometimes daunting.
The depth of experience required, seemingly unobtainable. Yet, the medium attracts
designers from all spheres of design practice: from engineering and architecture, to
product and graphic design.

https://designingfortheweb.co.uk/part1/chapter1/
Multimedia Applications
Media Communication
Multimedia communication involves showing information in multiple media
formats. Images, video, audio and text all are part of multimedia communication. A
single instance of multimedia communication does not have to have all four
components.

Multimedia communication presents information in an interesting, creative way that

helps many different types of learners internalize the data. Infographics are a
common example of multimedia communication. These large images are set up like
posters and have text, statistics, graphs, charts and images that provide information.
Visual learners who need these graphs, charts and images are able to get just as
much from the infograph

Websites are also prime examples of multimedia communication. Websites can

include all of the different types of media to present a single topic or idea, and they
are interactive so that the user can easily find the information and navigate the
pages. Many informative websites include videos that offer succinct, engaging
clips.
https://www.techwalla.com/articles/types-of-multimedia-communication
Media Consumption
Media consumption or media diet is the sum
of information and entertainment media taken in by an individual or group. It includes
activities such as interacting with new media, reading books and magazines, watching
television and film, and listening to radio.

With the relentless treadmill of disruption, the potential of media and entertainment
companies to understand their customer’s digital consumption behaviour today is
greater than at any time in history.

Among the digital devices, mobile devices have taken over as the preferred medium
of consuming content online. The smartphone market has seen unprecedented
growth in the last 5 years.
This led to an increase in the number of devices capable of supporting digital media in
tandem. Billions of screens and increasing internet access speed provided consumers
with an option to access the media content of their choice anytime, anywhere.

Consumers are shifting their preferences towards digital media consumption as

compared to traditional forms of media such as TV, print press, and radio. People are
spending more time on digital forms of media rather than traditional mediums. This
increase is mainly coming by cannibalizing traditional advertising mediums.

The increasing popularity of digital media has provided for a paradigm shift in global
advertising spends. Marketers who are seeking to monetize content and capture
growth are following the changing trend and increasingly allocating their budget to
digital mediums.

http://www.businessworld.in/article/Trends-In-Multimedia-Consumption-On-
Mobile/21-01-2016-90515/
Media Entertainment
Multimedia entertainment applications aim at diverting users, engaging them in
amazing experiences such as reading a book, listening to music, enjoying videos, and
playing a game.

The primary driver behind the growth of apps for multimedia and entertainment is the
ready availability of high-speed data. The LTE (Long-term Evolution) standard is the
fastest growing in the worldwide telecom industry, with more than 1.5 billion global
subscribers as of 2015.
In even developing nations such as India, Philippines, etc. 2G and 3G networks are now
slowly being phased out in favor of 4G, and the market of cheap, value-for-money
smartphones with dual-sim and 4G capabilities is at an all-time high.
As a result, professional and user-generated content (YouTube, Dailymotion, Flickr, Blip.tv) which
could only be accessed on the PCs a few years back are now available across multiple devices and
phones through mobile apps for multimedia. Entertainment applications such as Netflix and Hulu are
now at the forefront of this digital, access-anywhere revolution, with the former now being available
in more than 130 countries, allowing consumers instant access to a wide variety of TV shows and
movies.

There are numerous other applications of multimedia in the entertainment field, some examples of
which include –

•OTT (Over-the-top) set-top boxes such as Roku, Boxee, etc. leverage apps for both multimedia and
entertainment, while allowing consumers to stop subscribing to more costly cable TV alternatives
•Internet-connected game consoles such as Xbox One, PS4, etc. also support numerous multimedia
apps for public consumption, and are now all-in-one home entertainment mediums instead of being
used only for gaming
•Smart TV's from Samsung, Sony, LG, etc. ensure web content can be streamed and viewed
anywhere without the need of a separate smartphone
•High-speed file sharing websites such as Google Drive, OneDrive, Mediafire, etc. are now making it
even simpler to upload and share multimedia with different people, or use the power of the cloud to
access them anywhere on-the-go
https://www.outsource2india.com/software/mobile-applications/articles/entertainment-multimedia-mobile-
applications.asp
Media games
Video games in the ‘70s and ‘80s always had a unique aesthetic to them. I’m
referring to their simplistic, pixelated look that included minimal frames of
animation and used a small color palette. This look was mainly seen on home
consoles, but games with more graphical oomph would be found in arcade
games or on home computers.

The latter part of the ‘80s would begin introducing new devices like the CD-ROM
to computers on a more massive scale. With this new storage medium, you can
have more than 600MB of free space to work with! As such, restrictions for
game development were loosened and, as a result, more realistic looking games
could be made. This led to a lot of creativity for computer games in both visuals
and gameplay experiences. The early ‘90s saw the start of this movement as
game creators began going down this path.
In addition to a higher storage capacity, audio would be improved to the
point where games could include voice dialog and music instead of just
hearing beeps and boops. Display technology would also make it possible
to have real video (or what is called Full Motion Video, or FMV) in games.
All types of media like music, sounds, real video, and computer graphics
would all eventually cross roads with each other in games to create a new
kind of experience as some thought would be the way the industry was
moving towards and would eventually mature itself into.

Let’s take a look at this range of multimedia games to see which ones are
outstanding titles

The Good
Here are some games that are shining examples of this label of being
classified as a multimedia game. They use each type of media wisely -- not
too much or not too little -- and deliver to the player an immersive
experience without the need to beat them over the head by showing off
the studio’s ability to use green screens and 3D rendering software.
The Bad
These games are not terrible, but you wouldn’t praise them to others as
being something worth playing. This could be due to the fact that they
may have lost their charm somewhere in the middle; where the second
half just gets repetitive with its media, like an overused sound clip.

The Ugly
Heaping piles of you know what. Not only would you not recommend
these games to anyone, but you would try to wipe them from your
memory as the notion of accidently telling someone to play them may
result in a public shaming or possible arrest.

https://internet-tokens.com/vgjournalentry/multimedia-games-the-good-the-bad-and-the
-ugly
Animation- Refer CGA Unit 5 chapter
OpenGL overview https://www.opengl.org/about/

OpenGL(Open Graphics Library) is the premier environment for developing

portable, interactive 2D and 3D graphics applications. Since its introduction in
1992, OpenGL has become the industry's most widely used and supported 2D and
3D graphics application programming interface (API), bringing thousands of
applications to a wide variety of computer platforms. OpenGL fosters innovation
and speeds application development by incorporating a broad set of rendering,
texture mapping, special effects, and other powerful visualization functions.
Developers can leverage the power of OpenGL across all popular desktop and
workstation platforms, ensuring wide application deployment.
High Visual Quality and Performance
Any visual computing application requiring maximum performance-from 3D
animation to CAD to visual simulation-can exploit high-quality, high-performance
OpenGL capabilities. These capabilities allow developers in diverse markets such
as broadcasting, CAD/CAM/CAE, entertainment, medical imaging, and virtual reality
to produce and display incredibly compelling 2D and 3D graphics.