WEB APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

A Internship Report submitted to

JNTUA, ANANTHAPURAMU

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of

Bachelor of Technology
(Computer Science & Engineering)
By
D. MUNI SAI KALYAN TEJA (18KB1A0537)

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

N.B.K.R INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(Autonomous)

VIDYANAGAR – 524 413, NELLORE DIST, AP

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION TO WEB APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

1.2 HISTORY

1.3 ROLE OF DEVELOPERS IN WEB APPLICATION

1.4 WORK ENVIRONMENT

2. BASIC CONCEPTS OF WEB APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

2.1 HTML

2.2 CSS

2.3 BOOTSTRAP

2.4 JAVASCRIPT

2.5 PHP BASIC

2.6 WEB FRAMEWORK

3. PROJECT

3.1 PERFORMED TASKS

3.2 TASK SOLUTION

4 CERTIFICATE

5. CONCLUSION
 ABSTRACT

Web Application Development were the main objective of this internship. To

develop a web based application or software there are several programming languages that
are in use. Some of them are only used for the frontend and backend design of the software.
For example- HTML4, HTML5, CSS, Bootstrap Framework etc. There are also some other
programming languages that are used to develop the dynamic functions of the software or
application. For example-PHP, Java etc. Nowadays there are also some framework's that
use vastly. Frameworks are basically structured programming by using Model, View, and
Controller. It is also called as MVC. If we develop web based application that is very useful
for us because we can access it from anywhere of the world. It is very helpful for our daily
life. That is why I choose subject of my report is "Web Application Development".
Working in Manac Infotech added huge experiences in my upcoming career. Solving real
life problems was another key issue. This report takes us through all the details of Web
Application Development knowledge and experience gathered during this internship
period.
 1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION TO WEB APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

Web application development is the creation of application programs that reside on

remote servers and are delivered to the user’s device over the Internet. A web application
(web app) does not need to be downloaded and is instead accessed through a network. An
end user can access a web application through a web browser such as Google Chrome,
Safari, or Mozilla Firefox. A majority of web applications can be written in JavaScript,
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), and HTML5.

Web application development will typically have a short development life-cycle

lead by a small development team. Front-end development for web applications is
accomplished through client-side programming. Client refers to a computer application
such as a web browser. Client-side programming will typically utilize HTML, CSS and
JavaScript. HTML programming will instruct a browser how to display the on-screen
content of web pages, while CSS keeps displayed information in the correct format.
JavaScript will run JavaScript code on a web page, making some of the content interactive.

Server-side programming powers the client-side programming and is used to create

the scripts that web applications use. Scripts can be written in multiple scripting languages
such as Ruby, Java and Python. Server-side scripting will create a custom interface for the
end-user and will hide the source code that makes up the interface.

A database such as MySQL or MongoDB can be used to store data in web

application development.

1.2 HISTORY

The rise of the internet within mainstream culture is largely correlated with its
history as a visual medium. Like many other computer systems and applications, it took a
graphic interface to get the general population to start to understand the internet’s potential.
The personal computer would not have proliferated throughout our households and work
environments without the display monitor, and still did not become widely used until
electronic spreadsheets, word processors and video games started attracting users.
Similarly, users did not start buying into the World Wide Web until the visual-oriented web
browser started coming into its own in the early 1990s. And since that time, even though
there have been dramatic improvements in web technology and aesthetics, some of the
earliest web design techniques have persevered throughout the years.

1.3 ROLE OF DEVELOPERS IN WEB APPLICATION

When developing a web app, the developer generally codes it for functionality
using a combination of server-side script languages and client-side scripting languages. For
instance, they may use Java, Python, PHP and ASP for the server-side script and HTML5,
CSS and JavaScript for the client-side script. The purpose of the server-side script is to
allow the web application to store information on the web server and to retrieve it when
necessary. The client-side script is for presenting the information to the users. After the
compatible browsers execute and run the program, the user can access the information they
want.

1.4 WORK ENVIRONMENT

Front end Developer:

The front end developer generally works at client side dealing with the web page
design, graphics that is accessible to the user.
Back end Developer:
The back end developer is a person who is responsible for the back end
development that interacts with the server. This type of web developer specializes in the
languages like PHP, ruby, ASP.Net, Java, Cold Fusion, and Perl.
 2. BASIC CONCEPTS OF WEB APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

2.1 HTML

HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language. It is used to design web pages
using a markup language. HTML is the combination of Hypertext and Markup language.
Hypertext defines the link between the web pages. A markup language is used to define
the text document within tag which defines the structure of web pages. This language is
used to annotate (make notes for the computer) text so that a machine can understand it
and manipulate text accordingly. Most markup languages (e.g. HTML) are human-
readable. The language uses tags to define what manipulation has to be done on the text.
HTML is a markup language used by the browser to manipulate text, images, and other
content, in order to display it in the required format. HTML was created by Tim Berners-
Lee in 1991. The first-ever version of HTML was HTML 1.0, but the first standard
version was HTML 2.0, published in 1999.

2.2 CSS

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a style sheet language used to design the webpage to
make it attractive. The reason for using this is to simplify the process of making web pages
presentable. It allows you to apply styles to web pages. More importantly, it enables you to
do this independent of the HTML that makes up each web page.

There are three types of CSS, which are given below:

 Inline
 Internal or Embedded
 External

2.3 BOOTSTRAP

Bootstrap is a free and open-source tool collection for creating responsive websites and
web applications. It is the most popular HTML, CSS, and JavaScript framework for
developing responsive, mobile-first websites. Nowadays, the websites are perfect for all the
browsers (IE, Firefox, and Chrome) and for all sizes of screens (Desktop, Tablets, and
Phones). All thanks to Bootstrap developers – Mark Otto and Jacob Thornton of Twitter,
though it was later declared to be an open-source project.

2.4 JAVASCRIPT

JavaScript is the world most popular lightweight, interpreted compiled programming

language. It is also known as scripting language for web pages. It is well-known for the
development of web pages, many non-browser environments also use it. JavaScript can be
used for Client-side developments as well as Server-side developments.

JavaScript can be added to your HTML file in two ways:

 Internal JS: We can add JavaScript directly to our HTML file by writing the code
inside the <script> tag. The <script> tag can either be placed inside the <head> or
the <body> tag according to the requirement.
 External JS: We can write JavaScript code in other file having an extension .js and
then link this file inside the <head> tag of the HTML file in which we want to add
this code.

2.5 PHP BASIC

The term PHP is an acronym for Hypertext Preprocessor. It is a server-side scripting

language that is used for web development. It can be easily embedded with HTML files.
HTML codes can also be written in a PHP file. The PHP codes are executed on the server-
side whereas HTML codes are directly executed on the browser.

2.6 WEB FRAMEWORK

In general, a framework is a real or conceptual structure intended to serve as a

support or guide for the building of something that expands the structure into something
useful. In computer systems, a framework is often a layered structure indicating what kind
of programs can or should be built and how they would interrelate. Some computer system
frameworks also include actual programs, specify programming interfaces, or offer
programming tools for using the frameworks. A framework may be for a set of functions
within a system and how they interrelate; the layers of an operating system; the layers of
an application subsystem; how communication should be standardized at some level of a
network; and so forth. A framework is generally more comprehensive than a protocol and
more prescriptive than a structure [8].

Examples of frameworks that are currently used or offered by standards bodies or

companies include:

• Resource Description Framework, a set of rules from the World Wide Web Consortium
for how to describe any Internet resource such as a Web site and its content.

• Internet Business Framework, a group of programs that form the technological basis
for my SAP product from SAP, the German company that markets an enterprise
resource management line of products

• Sender Policy Framework, a defined approach and programming for making e-mail
more secure

• Zach man framework, a logical structure intended to provide a comprehensive

representation of an information technology enterprise that is independent of the tools
and methods used in any particular IT business.
 3. PROJECT

3.1 PERFORMED TASKS

TITLE: E-COMMERCE SITE FOR ONLINE SHOPPING

E-commerce is fast gaining ground as an accepted and used business paradigm.

More and more business houses are implementing web sites providing functionality for
performing commercial transactions over the web. It is reasonable to say that the process
of shopping on the web is becoming commonplace. The objective of this project is to
develop a general purpose e-commerce store where product like clothes can be bought from
the comfort of home through the Internet. However, for implementation purposes, this
paper will deal with an online shopping for clothes. An online store is a virtual store on the
Internet where customers can browse the catalog and select products of interest. The
selected items may be collected in a shopping cart. At checkout time, the items in the
shopping cart will be presented as an order. At that time, more information will be needed
to complete the transaction. Usually, the customer will be asked to fill or select a billing
address, a shipping address, a shipping option, and payment information such as credit card
number. An e-mail notification is sent to the customer as soon as the order is placed.

Web Pages details

1. Home Page

2. Product Page

3. Order Us Page

4. Contact Us Page

5. About Us Page

6. Track For Admin Page

7. Register Page

8. Login Page

9. Paypal For Payment Page

10.Admin Page
Home Page:

Home Screen will consist of screen were one can browse through the products which we
have on our website. The following figure shown in figure 3.1.1

Figure 3.1.1 Home page

Product Page:

This page consists of product details. This page appears same for both visitors and users.
The following figure shown in figure 3.1.2

Figure 3.1.2 Product page

Order Us Page:

Registered users can order desired products from here. The following figure shown in
figure 3.1.3

Figure 3.1.3 Order Us page

Contact Us Page:

Visitors and Registered users can contact website owners or administrators from here.
The following figure shown in figure 3.1.4

Figure 3.1.4 Contact us page

ABOUT US PAGE:

This page describes about website and owners. The following figure shown in figure
3.1.5

Figure 3.1.5 About us Page

Track For Admin Page:

Website Administrators can track and ship orders here. The following figure shown in
figure 3.1.6

Figure 3.1.6 Track for Admin Page

Register Page:

New users can register here. The following figure shown in figure 3.1.7

Figure 3.1.7 Register page

Login Page:

Login page for both users and administrators. The following figure shown in figure 3.1.8

Figure 3.1.8 Login page

PAYPAL FOR PAYMENT:

Once user’s orders products they are redirected to payment page. The following figure
shown in figure 3.1.9

Figure 3.1.9 Payment page

Admin Page:

This page describes about website and owners. The following figure shown in figure
3.1.10

Figure 3.1.10 Admin Page

3.2 TASK SOLUTION

The Internet has become a major resource in modern business, thus electronic
shopping has gained significance not only from the entrepreneur’s but also from the
customer’s point of view. For the entrepreneur, electronic shopping generates new
business opportunities and for the customer, it makes comparative shopping possible.
As per a survey, most consumers of online stores are impulsive and usually make a
decision to stay on a site within the first few seconds. “Website design is like a shop
interior. If the shop looks poor or like hundreds of other shops the customer is most
likely to skip to the other site. Hence we have designed the project to provide the user
with easy navigation, retrieval of data and necessary feedback as much as possible. In
this project, the user is provided with an ecommerce web site that can be used to buy
books online. To implement this as a web application we used ASP.NET as the
Technology. ASP.NET has several advantages such as enhanced performance,
scalability, built-in security and simplicity.

To build any web application using ASP.NET we need a programming language

such as C#, VB.NET, J# and so on. C# was the language used to build this application.
For the client browser to connect to the ASP.NET engine we used Microsoft’s Internet
Information Services (IIS) as the Web Server. ASP.NET uses ADO.NET to interact
with the database as it provides in-memory caching that eliminates the need to contact
the database server frequently and it can easily deploy and maintain an ASP.NET
application. SQL was used as back-end database since it is one of the most popular
databases, and it provides fast data access, easy installation and simplicity.

A good shopping cart design must be accompanied with user-friendly shopping

cart application logic. It should be convenient for the customer to view the contents of
their cart and to be able to remove or add items to their cart. The shopping cart
application described in this project provides a number of features that are designed to
make the customer more comfortable.
4. CERTIFICATE
 5. CONCLUSION

In a nutshell, this internship has been an excellent and rewarding experience. I can
conclude that there have been a lot I’ve learnt from my work at MANAC Infotech.
Needless to say, the technical aspects of the work I’ve done are not flawless and could
be improved provided enough time. Web Application Development is very vast and
scope in nature, there lot of things that can be used to learn web application and
implement the same in practical world to get a full- fledged knowledge.