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Grammar Translation Method

The grammar translation method focuses on learning grammatical rules and applying them through translation exercises between the target and native languages. The direct method teaches foreign languages exclusively in the target language without translation, using real-world language in a way similar to first language acquisition. The audio-lingual method emphasizes oral skills through repetition of dialogs and pattern drills. Total physical response teaches language through physical actions in response to verbal commands, activating memory through the connection of language and movement.

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62 views3 pages

Grammar Translation Method

The grammar translation method focuses on learning grammatical rules and applying them through translation exercises between the target and native languages. The direct method teaches foreign languages exclusively in the target language without translation, using real-world language in a way similar to first language acquisition. The audio-lingual method emphasizes oral skills through repetition of dialogs and pattern drills. Total physical response teaches language through physical actions in response to verbal commands, activating memory through the connection of language and movement.

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Grammar Translation method:

True:
- Language learning is the training of the learners’ mind
- The literary type of language is employed and vocabulary is detailed and sometimes
obsolete.
- Students are expected to learn everything by heart.
- Translation is the main drill.
- There is no literature or theoretical foundation for this method.
- The grammar translation method focuses on learning rules of the language and working
with texts
- The Classical Method is another name for the grammar translation method
Wrong:
- ELL students taught using the grammar-translation method primarily use their target
language.
- The grammar translation method involves mostly spoken communication or listening
comprehension
- Translation is not the main drill
------------------
Direct Method:
True:
- Less intelligent students cannot profit much from this method.
- Association is made between objects or situations and foreign words or phrases.
- Situation and topical syllabus are primarily employed.
- It is argued that only privileged students can benefit from this method.
- Direct method is only effective to auditory learners.
- One of its positive points is that it promises to teach the language and not about the
language.
- Classroom instruction should be conducted exclusively in the target language. You
should not translate, but instead, demonstrate.
- Only target language is used in a Direct Method class
- The teacher directs the activities, teacher and students are partners.
- The direct method was developed as an antithesis to grammar-translation method
- In direct method, grammar is taught by using an inductive approach
- Listening & Speaking are two skills given first priority in direct method
Wrong:
- Direct method approach stresses reading and writing, and does not focus on inproving
speech fluency
- Target language and native language is used in a Direct Method class
- Speaking & Writing are two skills given first priority in direct method
- In direct method, grammar is taught by using a deductive approach
Audio Lingual Method:
True:
- Positive comments or compliments are offered to encourage the students.
- The teacher acts as an orchestra leader in the classroom.
- Errors and mistakes should not be tolerated.
- Dialogues should be memorized.
- The method is successful in developing oral skills in very young children.
- Dialogues and pattern practice are used extensively.
- Syllabus is arranged in a linear way.
- Students learn easy things first.
- Audiolingual method is teaching method focused on oral base approach
- Teachers want their students to be able to use the target language communicatively
- The audiolingual relies on the theory of language learning
- Students are imitators of the teacher’s model in ALM
Wrong:
- Audiolingual method is teaching method focused on writing base approach
- The audiolingual method drills students in the use of grammatical sentence patterns and it
has a strong Theoretical based in linguistics and physically.
- The audiolingual relies on the practice of classroom learning

Total Physical Response:


True:
- Students are not expected to memorize fixed routines.
- Imperative forms can be considered as a powerful linguistic device to scaffold students’
language learning process.
- Teachers approach students in an unthreatening way.
- Body movements can reinforce students’ memory.
- Language is presented in chunks.
- Hesitation occurs when a shift in providing clues arises.
- There is a delayed moment before a student can actually respond.
- This method is suitable for the beginner level.
- TPR is based on the coordination of language and physical activity
- TPR is best suited for beginner, second language students
- A disadvantage of TPR includes students aren't given much opportunity to be creative
- TPR attempts to teach language through physical activity
Wrong:
- The TPR doesn't have a lot of fun and learners don’t enjoy it. It does not lift the pace and
the mood.
- TPR is based on the coordination of reading and physical activity
- TPR is best suited for advanced adult students
- Teacher's role in TPR is passive and director role
- TPR attempts to teach language through indirect activity
- Total physical response also known as "Conventional method".
(GTM) The grammar translation method is a method of teaching foreign languages derived from
the classical method of teaching Greek and Latin. In grammar-translation classes, students learn
grammatical rules and then apply those rules by translating sentences between the target
language and the native language. Advanced students may be required to translate whole texts
word-for-word. The method has two main goals: to enable students to read and translate
literature written in the target language, and to further students’ general intellectual development.

(DM) The direct method of teaching, which is sometimes called the natural method, and is
often (but not exclusively) used in teaching foreign languages, refrains from using the learners'
native language and uses only the target language. It was established in Germany and France
around 1900 and contrasts with the Grammar Translation Method and other traditional
approaches.
The basic idea of the Direct Method was that second language learning should be more like first
language learning (lots of oral interaction, spontaneous use of the language, no translation
between first and second languages, and little or no analysis of grammatical rules)

(ALM) The audio-lingual method, Army Method, or New Key, is a style of teaching used in
teaching foreign languages. It is based on the idea of Coleman Report that it was impractical to
teach oral skills and that reading should become the focus. The ALM was first known as the
Army Method. For a number of reasons, the ALM enjoyed many years of popularity, and even
now, adaptations of the ALM are found in contemporary methodologics.

(TPR) Total Physical Response (TPR) is a language teaching method built around the
coordination of speech and action; it attempts to teach language through physical (motor)
activity. Total Physical Response is linked to the "trace theory” of memory in psychology, which
holds that the more often or the more intensively a memory connection is traced, the stronger the
memory association will be and the more likely it will be recalled. Retracing can be done
verbally (e.g., by rote repetition) and/or in association with motor activity. Combined tracing
activities, such as verbal rehearsal accompanied by motor activity, hence increase the probability
of successful recall.

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