Six Sigma Assignment

File Number – 32, Section B, Group 13 (Devesh (077), Kaustav (218), Ramesh (220))

Minitab Results

1.Two-Sample T-Test and CI: Catalyst 1, Catalyst 2

Two-sample T for Catalyst 1 vs Catalyst 2

N Mean StDev SE Mean

Catalyst 1 8 91.91 3.97 1.4
Catalyst 2 8 92.42 2.62 0.93

Difference = μ (Catalyst 1) - μ (Catalyst 2)

Estimate for difference: -0.51
95% CI for difference: (-4.18, 3.15)
T-Test of difference = 0 (vs ≠): T-Value = -0.31 P-Value = 0.765 DF = 12

Summary Report for Catalyst 1

Anderson-Darling Normality Test
A-Squared 0.41
P-Value 0.265
Mean 91.910
StDev 3.970
Variance 15.759
Skewness -1.14482
Kurtosis 0.99361
N 8
Minimum 84.070
1st Quartile 89.525
Median 92.995
3rd Quartile 95.080
Maximum 95.800
95% Confidence Interval for Mean
85.0 87.5 90.0 92.5 95.0 88.591 95.229
95% Confidence Interval for Median
88.963 95.239
95% Confidence Interval for StDev
2.625 8.080

95% Confidence Intervals

Mean

Median

90 92 94 96
 Summary Report for Catalyst 2
Anderson-Darling Normality Test
A-Squared 0.29
P-Value 0.523
Mean 92.425
StDev 2.625
Variance 6.888
Skewness 0.833649
Kurtosis 0.121540
N 8
Minimum 89.190
1st Quartile 90.582
Median 91.785
3rd Quartile 94.530
Maximum 97.190
95% Confidence Interval for Mean
90 92 94 96 90.231 94.619
95% Confidence Interval for Median
90.378 95.178
95% Confidence Interval for StDev
1.735 5.342

95% Confidence Intervals

Mean

Median

90 91 92 93 94 95

2. Regression

Scatterplot of Delivery Time vs Number of Cases

70

60
Delivery Time

50

40

30
50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Number of Cases
Regression Analysis: Delivery Time versus Number of Cases

Analysis of Variance

Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value

Regression 1 2526.39 2526.39 486.83 0.000
Number of Cases 1 2526.39 2526.39 486.83 0.000
Error 18 93.41 5.19
Total 19 2619.80

Model Summary

S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred)

2.27805 96.43% 96.24% 95.57%

Coefficients

Term Coef SE Coef T-Value P-Value VIF

Constant 25.82 1.16 22.18 0.000
Number of Cases 0.13406 0.00608 22.06 0.000 1.00

Regression Equation

Delivery Time = 25.82 + 0.13406 Number of Cases

Delivery time vs number of cases

Delivery Time = 25.82 + 0.1341 Number of Cases
80 Regression
95% CI
95% PI
70
S 2.27805
R-Sq 96.4%
R-Sq(adj) 96.2%
Delivery Time

60

50

40

30

50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Number of Cases
3. One-Sample T: Ticket prices

Test of μ = 35 vs ≠ 35

Variable N Mean StDev SE Mean 95% CI T P

Ticket prices 6 38.56 5.65 2.31 (32.63, 44.49) 1.54 0.184

4. DOE

Full Factorial Design

Factors: 2 Base Design: 2, 4

Runs: 20 Replicates: 5
Blocks: 1 Center pts (total): 0

All terms are free from aliasing.

Factorial Regression: Responses versus Additive level, Catalyst level

Analysis of Variance

Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value

Model 3 1093.80 364.60 23.79 0.000
Linear 2 169.00 84.50 5.51 0.015
Additive level 1 96.80 96.80 6.32 0.023
Catalyst level 1 72.20 72.20 4.71 0.045
2-Way Interactions 1 924.80 924.80 60.35 0.000
Additive level*Catalyst level 1 924.80 924.80 60.35 0.000
Error 16 245.20 15.32
Total 19 1339.00

Model Summary

S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred)

3.91472 81.69% 78.25% 71.39%

Coded Coefficients

Term Effect Coef SE Coef T-Value P-Value VIF

Constant 63.500 0.875 72.54 0.000
Additive level -4.400 -2.200 0.875 -2.51 0.023 1.00
Catalyst level 3.800 1.900 0.875 2.17 0.045 1.00
Additive level*Catalyst level 13.600 6.800 0.875 7.77 0.000 1.00

Regression Equation in Uncoded Units

Responses = 125.60 - 45.20 Additive level - 37.00 Catalyst level

+ 27.20 Additive level*Catalyst level

Alias Structure
Factor Name

A Additive level
B Catalyst level

Interaction Plot for Responses

Fitted Means
Additive lev * Catalyst lev Catalyst lev
1
70 2
Mean of Responses

65

60

55

50
1 2
Additive lev

Main Effects Plot for Responses

Fitted Means
Additive level Catalyst level
66

65
Mean of Responses

64

63

62

61
1 2 1 2
5. ANOVA

Test for Equal Variances: Money Market, 6 Month CD, 1-Yr CD,...
Multiple comparison intervals for the standard deviation, α = 0.05

Multiple Comparisons
Money Market P-Value 0.220
Levene’s Test
P-Value 0.565
6 Month CD

1-Yr CD

2.5-Yr CD

5-Yr CD

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9

If intervals do not overlap, the corresponding stdevs are significantly different.

Test for Equal Variances: Money Market, 6 Month CD, 1-Yr CD, 2.5-Yr CD, 5-Yr CD

Method

Null hypothesis All variances are equal

Alternative hypothesis At least one variance is different
Significance level α = 0.05

95% Bonferroni Confidence Intervals for Standard Deviations

Sample N StDev CI
Money Market 5 0.088769 (0.0266536, 0.60978)
6 Month CD 5 0.186065 (0.0349576, 2.04264)
1-Yr CD 5 0.077006 (0.0253336, 0.48280)
2.5-Yr CD 5 0.097570 (0.0329859, 0.59527)
5-Yr CD 5 0.037815 (0.0094815, 0.31108)

Individual confidence level = 99%

Tests

Test
Method Statistic P-Value
Multiple comparisons — 0.220
Levene 0.76 0.565
 Interval Plot of Money Market, 6 Month CD, ...
95% CI for the Mean
5.2

5.1

5.0

4.9

4.8
Data

4.7

4.6

4.5

4.4

4.3
Money Market 6 Month CD 1-Yr CD 2.5-Yr CD 5-Yr CD

The pooled standard deviation was used to calculate the intervals.

One-way ANOVA: Money Market, 6 Month CD, 1-Yr CD, 2.5-Yr CD, 5-Yr CD

Method

Null hypothesis All means are equal

Alternative hypothesis At least one mean is different
Significance level α = 0.05

Equal variances were assumed for the analysis.

Factor Information

Factor Levels Values

Factor 5 Money Market, 6 Month CD, 1-Yr CD, 2.5-Yr CD, 5-Yr CD

Analysis of Variance

Source DF Adj SS Adj MS F-Value P-Value

Factor 4 1.1327 0.28317 23.84 0.000
Error 20 0.2375 0.01188
Total 24 1.3702

Model Summary

S R-sq R-sq(adj) R-sq(pred)

0.108977 82.67% 79.20% 72.91%

Means

Factor N Mean StDev 95% CI

Money Market 5 4.4240 0.0888 (4.3223, 4.5257)
6 Month CD 5 4.6780 0.1861 (4.5763, 4.7797)
1-Yr CD 5 4.8860 0.0770 (4.7843, 4.9877)
2.5-Yr CD 5 4.8720 0.0976 (4.7703, 4.9737)
5-Yr CD 5 5.0440 0.0378 (4.9423, 5.1457)

Pooled StDev = 0.108977

6. Descriptive Statistics

Summary Report for Data

Anderson-Darling Normality Test
A-Squared 0.38
P-Value 0.341
Mean 26.364
StDev 13.662
Variance 186.655
Skewness 0.929773
Kurtosis 0.157494
N 11
Minimum 12.000
1st Quartile 15.000
Median 24.000
3rd Quartile 34.000
Maximum 54.000
95% Confidence Interval for Mean
10 20 30 40 50 17.185 35.542
95% Confidence Interval for Median
14.753 34.904
95% Confidence Interval for StDev
9.546 23.976

95% Confidence Intervals

Mean

Median

15 20 25 30 35

Descriptive Statistics: Data

Total
Variable Count N N* CumN Percent CumPct Mean SE Mean TrMean StDev
Variance
Data 11 11 0 11 100 100 26.36 4.12 24.89 13.66
186.65

Sum of
Variable CoefVar Sum Squares Minimum Q1 Median Q3 Maximum Range
IQR
Data 51.82 290.00 9512.00 12.00 15.00 24.00 34.00 54.00 42.00
19.00

N for
Variable Mode Mode Skewness Kurtosis MSSD
Data 12 2 0.93 0.16 79.85
7. Pareto Analysis

Pareto Chart of Type of defect

100
100

80 80

60

Percent
60
Freq.

40 40

20 20

0 0
Type of defect s
ip es ck
s ce es ce
Ch t ch ra r fa ol r fa
ra C Su H Su
n
Sc n Pi gh
ve
e ou
Un R
Freq. 35 35 15 5 4 3
Percent 36.1 36.1 15.5 5.2 4.1 3.1
Cum % 36.1 72.2 87.6 92.8 96.9 100.0