9

ENGLISH
Quarter 3 - Module 2
Determining the relevance and the
truthfulness of the ideas presented in
the material viewed.

NegOr_Q3_English9_Module2_v2
English – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 3: Determining the relevance and the truthfulness of
the ideas presented in the material viewed
Second Edition, 2021

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist
in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of
the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be
necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may,
among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand
names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their
respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek
permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The
publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education
Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Marivic F. Cartagena
Editors: Leizl A. Elli and Jessie Lou L. Ecleo
Reviewers: Mayolita Angel, Jessie Lou L. Ecleo
Illustrator:
Typesetter: Mae Ricarl S. Moreto
Management Team:
Senen Priscillo P. Paulin CESO V Anna Lee A. Amores EdD
Joelyza M. Arcilla EdD ASDS Rosela R. Abiera
Marcelo K. Palispis EdD ASDS Maricel S. Rasid
Nilita L. Ragay, EdD Elmar L. Cabrera

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education – Region VII
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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENT PAGES

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW --------------------------------- 1

Learning Competency --------------------------------- 1

WHAT I KNOW 2

WHAT’S IN 3
Task 1 3
Task 2 3

WHAT’S NEW 4

WHAT IS IT 4

WHAT’S MORE 10

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED --------------------------------- 13

WHAT I CAN DO ---------------------------------------- 13

ASSESSMENT 15

ANSWER KEYS 18

REFERENCE LIST 19
 WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

In a world filled with different information, it is important to decide

what idea is relevant and what is truthful. Today, we will unfold what matters
to us as individuals and as a society based on our day-to-day activities.
Browsing on various platforms such as social media, television, or even
printed media, we can be enthralled or entertained but we can also be
informed and made aware of what is happening around us and in the world.
So, let us focus on determining the relevance and the truthfulness of the ideas
presented in the material viewed.
This module provides discussion about the lesson with examples and
activities for you to read and answer thoroughly. The activities are designed
to develop your critical thinking skills and communication skills to apply the
appropriate means to analyze the content of the information to understand
the relevance of the material and its truthfulness.

Learning Competency EN9VC-IVa-10

Determine the relevance and the truthfulness of the ideas presented in
the material viewed.
At the end of the module, you should be able to:
1. Recognize qualities that pertain to the relevance and truthfulness of a
given material. (Cognitive)
2. Analyze and provide the relevance and truthfulness of the material
provided. (Psychomotor)
3. Appreciate the relevance and truthfulness of the material given. (Affective)
4. Display the value of honesty in determining the relevance and
truthfulness in accomplishing the given tasks. (Attitude)

Please take note that all answers shall be written in your activity
notebooks, and that there should never be any markings placed in this
module.

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 WHAT I KNOW

Pre-assessment:

Directions: TRUE or FALSE. Verify which statement is true or not. Write

TRUE or FALSE in your notebook.

1. If someone lies about something when asked, then his or her

statement is false.
2. Truth is based on facts, rather than merely personal views and
beliefs.
3. Biased evidence from a video supports the truthfulness of an issue.
4. Correctness of the ideas from a material to be read conforms to the
truthfulness or to a standard having the quality of being true;
however, it still accepts, at least slight erroneous statement.
5. Opinion can be a fact when it is precise, factual, and confirmable
with evidence or validation.
6. Demonstrating the relevance of the idea presented in any material
means it fits into the current and future situation of the people
involved.
7. To be honest in giving ideas means to provide a false statement or
information.
8. An idea provided from an information is mature, free from lies and
hypocrisy exhibits truthfulness.

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 WHAT’S IN

Task 1
Directions: Give the appropriate label for each picture from the choices in the box.
Write only the letter of the correct answer in your notebook.

A. Solid waste problem and pollution issue in the country

B. Altered image versus an original one
C. A circulated winners notification using a company’s name
D. Street children along the sidewalks

1. 3.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yKg_JP3z1o4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8fQdzVbQlaU

2. 4.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GEHOlmcJAEk

Task 2

Based on the pictures of Task 1, which issue/s can you relate to?

Which of the images and issues above do you believe? Why?

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 WHAT’S NEW

Directions: THINK IT OUT! Read and analyze the selection below and answer
the questions that follow.
Who Thinks We Are Poor?
Marivic F. Cartagena

Photo by: MF Cartagena

Living in today’s world can be tough and challenging. But that does not mean
that starvation is necessary. Each person is surviving and thriving in whatever
circumstances to be faced. That is the true spirit of Filipino resiliency and optimism.

There is a town family with five kids whose parents have trained and motivated
their children to be optimistic in whatever challenges they face in their daily living.
The parents, Juan and Jacinta are farmers who labor as a tenant in a two-hectare
land use for rice, corn, and other crops. They taught their eldest child, Jose, a fifteen-
year-old lad, to be resourceful in finding means to help them in working at the field
and to prepare their daily meal. Their parents oftentimes tell them, ―especially the
fourteen-year-old, Josefa, the second child, who takes care of her younger siblings,
that they are not poor since they eat three times a day, they have a living, and they
love one another.

In the deepest thoughts of the second child, she wonders why they are not
considered poor. She continues her secondary education, but her eldest brother
stopped his schooling recently to help their parents in their field. Yes, they eat three
times a day but the food they put on the table is not enough and not balanced even
though they try to serve nutritious vegetables at all meals. She is in a dilemma trying
to gather her courage to discuss her views with their parents.

So, does Josefa really have the point? Are they not really poor or are they?

According to the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) based on their latest

released report last June 4, 2020 that in 2018, the poverty incidence among
population, or the proportion of poor Filipinos whose per capita income is insufficient
to meet their basic food and non-food needs, was estimated at 16.7 percent or about
17.7 million Filipinos.

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 Moreover, farmers, fisherfolks, individuals residing in rural areas who belong
to families with income below the official poverty thresholds had the highest poverty
incidences among the basic sectors while individuals residing in urban areas, senior
citizens, migrant and formal sector workers had the lowest poverty incidences among
the basic sectors.
https://psa.gov.ph/poverty-press-releases/nid/162541

If you were in the shoes of Josefa, would you feel the same way? Why
or why not?

Do you think there is relevance or connection to the issue that Josefa

and her family are facing in today’s national and global situation?

When can you say that a certain idea is relevant and validates the
truth?

This must have been a tough task but you’re doing just fine! Now, I
want you to go into a deeper understanding of the activities that you went
through actively. READ and take your time to get the important points about
this lesson on determining the relevance and truthfulness of the ideas
presented in the material viewed or read.

WHAT IS IT

To be able to determine the relevance and truthfulness of the ideas

presented in the material viewed or read, the following aspects are to be
considered. The ideas or concept presented in the material viewed or read is
said to be relevant if:

1. It provides useful information concerning a given question of

interest.
2. It relates to the matter at hand; connects to a certain happening of
a society or group of people.
3. It is applicable to the current situation or to a particular issue.
4. It is useful in any particular field and satisfies the needs of the user.

On the other hand, the ideas of the material presented possess

truthfulness if these provide the accurate information the material has,
obtain the correct and appropriate data, came from a reliable source,
deliver with honesty and not contain any lies.

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 To verify how truthful the ideas are from any material or information, we
need to:

1. Confirm the reliability of the source (online/printed). Do not rely

on one source, instead, check other basis or references.
2. Check the credibility and background of the
persons/organizations/contributors of the ideas and information
and the one who finances them, especially a website.
3. Review the details and grammar of the content.
4. Choose reliable sources of content/material or to a research-
based information.
5. Be cautious of clickbait/unbelievable headlines and persuasive/
influential content. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WW0XK3F2-7M
6. Look for experts with different perspectives.
https://www.politifact.com/article/2014/aug/20/7-steps-better-fact-checking
7.

There are various forms of lack of truthfulness. Here are some of its
forms and categories:

Categories of Information Disorders

A handbook by Claire Wardle and Hossein Derakhshan of unesco.org

highlights the following terms:

1. Misinformation - provides false connection or incorrect information

and misleading content; information that is false, but not created
with the intention of causing harm (e.g. someone posting an article
containing now out of date information but not realizing it).

2. Disinformation - false context or false deliberately and often

covertly spread (as by the planting of rumors) in order to influence
public opinion or obscure the truth, imposter content, manipulated
and, fabricated content; information that is false and deliberately
created to harm a person, social group, organization or country (e.g.
a competitor purposely posting false statistics about your
organization with an intent to discredit you)

3. Mal-information - has some leaks, harassment, and hate speech;

information that is based on reality, used to inflict harm on a person,
organization or country (e.g. someone using a picture of a dead child
refugee (with no context) in an effort to ignite hatred of a particular
ethnic group they are against.

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Seven Types of Mis- and Disinformation

According to the First Draft’s Essential Guide to Understanding

Information Disorder released in October 2019, here is a list to
ponder before considering and confirming the truthfulness of any
material.

1. Satire or parody – If the article or material shows imitation and irony

out of a certain topic or issue. It has no intention to cause harm but
it has the potential to fool.

For example: A 2019 case in the US involved a political consultant

to Donald Trump who created a parody site designed to look like Joe
Biden’s official website as the former vice-president was running to
be the Democratic nominee for the 2020 presidential election.
Source:https://firstdraftnews.org/wp-
content/uploads/2019/10/Information_Disorder_Digital_AW.pdf?x76701

2. False connection- When headlines, visuals, or captions don’t

support the content.

For example, the headline says, “Man Tries to Hug a Wild Lion, You
Won’t Believe What Happens Next! It invites the readers to read the
content or the viewers to watch the video but the details does not
support the headline but it is just for competition of viewers/readers
which makes the reader or audience a victim and felt that they are
deceived.
Based from: https://ethicalmediatraining.eu/training/activities/media-disinformation/

3. Misleading content -When it uses misleading information to frame

an issue or individual.

Example: The headline claiming that former President Benigno

Aquino III was disappointed over a proposal to change the name of
the Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) into Manila
International Airport was only fake news.

Fact check: Aquino has been mum about the proposal, even if an
online petition, which was rolled out on www.change.org last year,
had already received more than 39,000 supporters to rename NAIA.
Source: https://filipinotimes.net/top-stories/2018/03/09/true-queen-elizabeth-ii-calls-pres-
duterte-brave-man/

4. False context – When genuine content is shared with false contextual

information.

For example, doubtful URLs and websites that discuss personal and
political issues of famous individuals. One of the suggestions to
check according to
https://cnnphilippines.com/life/culture/politics/2017/10/12/fak
e-news-anatomy.html is website: pepengscorer.blogspot.com which
would challenge the viewers of how much trust they would put in.
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 5. Imposter content – When genuine sources are impersonated.

For example, the use of well-known logos or the news from

established figures or journalists having the wrong content or details
of information.

6. Manipulated content – When genuine information or imagery is

manipulated to deceive.

For example, the photos of the famous celebrities are altered or

changed like the face is attached to a different body to look like the
same person.

7. Fabricated content – New content is provided that is 100% false,

designed to deceive and do harm.

For example, a false claim that a candidate for president is endorsed

by a pope or an international organization.

More examples:

Which of the following information provide the relevance and

truthfulness about COVID-19 important facts and which do not?

A. The COVID-19 virus does not transmit through water while swimming.
However, the virus spreads between people when someone has close contact
with an infected person.
WHAT YOU CAN DO:
Avoid crowds and maintain at least a 1-metre distance from others, even
when you are swimming or at swimming areas. Wear a mask when you’re
not in the water and you can’t stay distant. Clean your hands frequently,
cover a cough or sneeze with a tissue or bent elbow, and stay home if you’re
unwell.
https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-
public/myth-busters.

B. COVID-19 could be fatal, but this happens rarely. According to WHO, 82%
of infected patients will have mild presentations, 15% will have severe
manifestations, and only 3% will be critical. As mentioned before, older
people, people with compromised immune systems, and people with pre-
existing medical conditions, such as diabetes and heart disease, are more
prone to fall severely ill with the virus. Around 2% of people infected with the
disease have died. https://doh.gov.ph/CO VID-19/FAQs

C. The new coronavirus was deliberately created or released by people. You

can protect yourself from COVID-19 by injecting, swallowing, bathing in or
rubbing onto your body bleach, disinfectants or rubbing alcohols. Ordering
or buying products shipped from overseas will make a person sick.
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-
diseases/coronavirus/2019-novel-coronavirus-myth-versus-fact

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Answers: Ideas from letters A and B are relevant to the current situation
and to the topic being asked and both are truthful as they provide information
from trusted and valid sources such as the World Health Organization (WHO)
and letter B is from the website of the Department of Health (DOH) of which
the data given was based on WHO. The ideas from letter C does not give
relevance to the topic and does not show honesty since the ideas are false or
fabricated only as the source verified them as myths.

Another example:

Which of the following materials show relevance to the COVID-19

pandemic that we are facing today, and which has the truthful ideas and
which do not?

1) 2)

https://doh.gov.ph/covid-19/infographics/health-advisories https://bit.ly/3u68xF2

 Relevant because this is applicable during  Irrelevant because the idea of the material
the pandemic and provides truthful does not provide nor support any study,
information from a reliable source, DOH. therefore, it is untruthful.

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 WHAT'S MORE

Determining the relevance and truthfulness of a material viewed

or read is an important aspect to apply in our daily activities where we are
exposed to various information and materials online, from social media,
television, and many others. This makes any reader or viewer vigilant about
accepting and recognizing the ideas from any material viewed or read.

Now, with the preceding explanation, test your learning with the next
sets of exercises.

Have fun!

Directions: Determine whether the ideas of the material is relevant or

irrelevant to the issues that we are presently facing and verify if the ideas
express truthfulness or not. Mark for relevant and truthful ideas/
information and  for irrelevant and untruthful one. Then, give your
justification or reason why you have identified them as such.

Material/Information Relevant Truthful Reasons

(Applicable (Honest/
/ Useful) Factual)
1.

A news report
https://mb.com.ph/2021/02/16/bfp-needs-20000-additional-
firemen/

2.

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NegOr_Q3_English9_Module2_v2
3.

4.

DOH Health Advisory

https://doh.gov.ph/covid-19/infographics/health-advisories

5.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HDnFFNg5ZAo

6.

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Kanlaon Volcano's monitoring network recorded
twenty-eight (28) volcanic earthquakes between 11
and 13 February 2021.
https://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/index.php/volcano-advisory-menu/11282-
kanlaon-volcano-advisory-13-february-2021-09-00-p-m

7.

https://www.lottopcso.com/pcso-lotto-winners/
8.

Weather forecast from PAG-ASA

http://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/weather

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 WHAT I CAN DO

Directions: Analyze the lyrics of the song, “Heal the World” by Michael
Jackson and answer the questions that follow. Write your answers in your
notebook.

Heal the World

Michael Jackson
(Think about um, the generations
And ah, say we want to make it a better place for our children
And our children's children so that they, they
They, they know it's a better world for them
And think if they can make it a better place)
There's a place in your heart
And I know that it is love
And this place it was brighter than tomorrow
And if you really try
You'll find there's no need to cry
In this place you'll feel there's no hurt or sorrow
There are ways to get there

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 If you care enough for the living
Make a little space
Make a better place
Heal the world
Make it a better place
For you and for me, and the entire human race
There are people dying
If you care enough for the living
Make a better place for you and for me
If you want to know why
There's love that…
Source: LyricFind/
https://www.google.com/search?q=heal+the+world+lyrics&oq=heal+the+world&aqs=chrome.2.69i57j46i131i275i4
33j0l8.7106j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

Writing Activity: Write in your notebooks 1-2 paragraphs answering the

following questions below. Be guided by the rubric in the next page.

1. What problem is mentioned in the song above?

2. Is the issue mentioned in the song relevant to reality? Why do you say
so?

3. Is it true what the lyricist say that we can make the world a better place?
How?

Rubrics
Criteria 5 points 3 points 1 point
Content Ideas
and are Ideas are almost Ideas are
Grammar completely completely provided partially
provided with no with few errors provided with
grammatical error many errors
Express Delivers the ideas Delivers the ideas Delivers the
relevance and with complete with partial relevance ideas with
truthfulness of relevance and and truthfulness little relevance
the ideas from truthfulness and
the topic being truthfulness
asked

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 ASSESSMENT

I. Directions: Read the questions and find the appropriate answer from
the given choices. Write the letter of the best answer in your notebook.

1. The relevance of the ideas from the material viewed or read is evident
in the following except .
a. The information answers the queries of the reader or viewer.
b. The information has concealed the fact of the issue or topic.
c. The information connects to what is currently happening.
d. The information is useful for the viewer or reader.

2. The idea of material presented is said to be truthful if it

.
a. provides some fictions c. gives the accurate information
b. gives details and stories d. supplies rumors of the current issue

3. It is a category of information disorder that is false and intends to

hurt a person by ruining the reputation of a company or individuals
through sharing materials against them.

a. Disinformation b. Misinformation c. Mal-information

4. A post online says that a supernatural creature has been discovered

and yet when you open the website, it does not say anything about
it. This is an example of one of the Seven Types of Mis- and
Disinformation which is

a. Satire or parody c. Misleading content

b. False connection d. False context

5. You have checked your social media account and you have seen your
newsfeeds that your favorite star’s facial photo is attached to a
picture of someone else’s body in a situation which surprises you.
You think it is unbelievable. Among the Seven Types of Mis- and
Disinformation, this can be considered as .

a. False context c. Manipulated content

b. Imposter content d. Fabricated content

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II. Directions: Read the questions and find the appropriate answer from
the given choices. Write the letter of the best answer in your notebook.

1. The following are relevant topics to be discussed except

a. Poverty and economic crisis due to the pandemic
b. Invaders and colonizers throughout the Philippine history
c. Social Discrimination
d. Climate change and environment conservation

2. A Facebook account posted that Senator Pacquiao gives away

motorcycles if the FB users “hit” “Like” on “Sen. Manny ‘Pacman’
Pacquiao” page, share the post, and comment “Congrats” on the actual
post. The fact is that, Pacquiao denied such social media post/activity.
This is an information disorder that is called .

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pisZVAAWe84

a. False context c. Misleading content

b. False connection d. Satire or parody

3. A suspicious video of a social media post has a copied the cover and
logo of the known TV network documentary, Kapuso Mo, Jessica Soho
(KMJS), but has the wrong content and details of information. This is
an example of .
a. Imposter content c. Manipulated content
b. False context d. Fabricated content

4. Identify which among the information disorders can be observed in this

material claiming that the Philippines is a province of China.

a. Manipulated content
b. Fabricated content
c. False context
d. Imposter content

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ceOGO8w13Zg

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5. The following are means of verifying the truthfulness of a material
except:
a. The credibility of the author is confirmed.
b. Other valid references are used as basis of the ideas.
c. The ideas of the material exactly provide factual information.
d. The spelling and content of the material are given less priority.

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ANSWER KEYS

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 REFERENCES
Pichon, Frédéric. Dubois, Didier. Denoeux, Thierry. Relevance and truthfulness in
correction and fusion. January 05, 2012. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-
00656775/document#:~:text=A%20source%20is%20said%20to,a%20given%20ques
tion%20of%20interest.&text=In%20contrast%2C%20a%20source%20is,supplies%2
0the%20information%20it%20possesses.

First Draft’s Essential to Understanding Information Disorder. October 2019.

https://firstdraftnews.org/wp-
content/uploads/2019/10/Information_Disorder_Digital_AW.pdf?x76701

“Relevance Definition & Meaning.” Merriam-Webster. Merriam-Webster. Accessed December 14, 2021.
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/relevance.

“Relevance Definition & Meaning.” Merriam-Webster. Merriam-Webster. Accessed December 14, 2021.
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/misinformation.

“Relevance Definition & Meaning.” Merriam-Webster. Merriam-Webster. Accessed December 14, 2021.
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/disinformation.

Kujawski, Mike. Misinformation vs. Disinformation vs. Mal-information. September 06,

2019.https://medium.com/@mikekujawski/misinformation-vs-disinformation-
vs-mal-information-a2b741410736

Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) “Updated 2015 and 2018 Full Year Official
Poverty Statistics”. June 04, 2020.https://psa.gov.ph/poverty-press-
releases/nid/162559
Cox, Janelle. “Formal Essay Rubric”. February 19, 2020.
https://www.thoughtco.com/essay-rubric-
2081367#:~:text=An%20essay%20rubric%20is%20a,can%20help%20improve%20st
udents'%20writing.

LyricFind. “Heal the World.”

https://www.google.com/search?q=heal+the+world+lyrics&oq=heal+the+world&aqs
=chrome.2.69i57j46i131i275i433j0l8.7106j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

President Duterte addresses the nation (1 February 2021) Streamed live on Feb 1,
2021 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ceOGO8w13Zg

Bueno, Anna. “The anatomy of ‘fake news” October 12, 2017. cnnphilippines.com
The Filipino Times. “Busted:Top fake news in the Philippines this week”. March 9,
2018. https://filipinotimes.net/top-stories/2018/03/09/true-queen-elizabeth-ii-
calls-pres-duterte-brave-man/

“Fake News' explained: How disinformation spreads” June 13, 2019.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8fQdzVbQlaU
The world’s most polluted river/DW Documentary. January 26, 2020.

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 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GEHOlmcJAEk
Street children in the Philippines/DW Documentary. November 20, 2020.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yKg_JP3z1o4

27, Joe Bidenstated on September, Instagram postsstated on September 22, Ilhan Omarstated on March 23,
Mike Pencestated on September 4, Antonio Sabato Jr.stated on July 19, Donald Trumpstated on
June 22, Marco Rubiostated on January 17, et al. “Politifact - 7 Steps to

Better Fact-Checking.” @politifact. Accessed December 14, 2021.

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