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Functions: Date: .........................

This document describes activities to visualize one-to-one and onto functions geometrically, restrict domains and codomains to make functions bijections, and visualize the composition of two functions geometrically. The activities involve using interactive applets to draw graphs of functions, observe intersections with lines, and trace loci to represent function composition. Restricting domains and codomains transforms non-bijective functions into bijections. Composing two functions f and g geometrically follows the path D, where B=f(A), C=g(B), and D completes the rectangle ABCD.

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Janosh Sunny
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74 views8 pages

Functions: Date: .........................

This document describes activities to visualize one-to-one and onto functions geometrically, restrict domains and codomains to make functions bijections, and visualize the composition of two functions geometrically. The activities involve using interactive applets to draw graphs of functions, observe intersections with lines, and trace loci to represent function composition. Restricting domains and codomains transforms non-bijective functions into bijections. Composing two functions f and g geometrically follows the path D, where B=f(A), C=g(B), and D completes the rectangle ABCD.

Uploaded by

Janosh Sunny
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Date: ..........................

LAB 18

FUNCTIONS

Aim :

• To visualise one to one and onto function geometrically.

• To restrict the domain and co-domain of functions so as to make

it a bijection.

• To visualise composition of two functions geometrically.

Concepts :

• One to one and onto functions

• Composition of functions

Activity 18.1 - One to One and Onto Functions - 1

• Draw the graph of f (x) = x2

• Create a slider a and plot the point (0, a)

• Draw a line through the point and perpendicular to the y axis.

1
• Plot the points of intersection of the line with the curve.

• If for any value of a, the line meets the curve at more than one

point, can we say whether the function one to one or not. Why ?

Answer

• If for all values of a, the line meets the curve at atleast one point,

can we say whether the function onto or not. Why ?

Answer

• Using above applet, say whether the function f : R → R defined

above is one to one or onto.


Answer

2
• Keeping above ideas in mind, one can say whether a function is

one to one or onto, by observing its graph, even without drawing

the horizontal line.

F Save the file as Activity 18.1

Activity 18.2 - One to One and Onto Functions - 2

• Open Activity 18.1 and save as Activity 18.2

• Create an Input box for f .

• Draw the graphs of the following functions defined from R to R

and say whether they are one to one or onto. Find the range of

the function in each case.


Answer

3
Function One-one Onto Range

(i) x2 + 2

(ii) x3 − 3x2 + 3

(iii) 3 sin x

• The following functions are defined from a subset of the set of

real numbers. Say whether they are one to one or onto. Find

their range.

Answer

Function One-One Onto Range

x−2
x−3
x
x+2
x
1 + |x|

• What is the pecularity of the range of an onto function

Answer

4
Activity 18.3 - Bijective Functions

• Draw the graph of the function f : R → R defined by

f (x) = x2 + 1. Is it one-one or onto ?

Answer

• Redefine the function by restricting its domain so that it becomes

one-one.
Answer

• Redefine the function by restricting its co-domain so that it

becomes onto
Answer

• So the function f : [0, ∞) → [1, ∞) defined by f (x) = x2 + 1 is a

bijection.

• Draw the graph of the above function.

(Use input command if(x >= 0, x2 + 1) or if(x >= 0, f ) or

Function(f, 0, infinity))

5
• If we define f : (−∞, 0] → [1, ∞) then also it becomes a

bijection. Draw the graph of this function.

• Restrict domain and co-domain of the following functions so that

they becomes bijections.

Answer

Functions Domain Co-domain

i |x − 2|

ii x2 − 3x + 3

iii | sin x|

• For each of above functions find one more domain which make

them one to one. Draw the corresponding graphs.

Answer

Functions Domain

|x − 2|

x2 − 3x + 3

| sin x|

6
Activity 18.4 - Composition of Functions

• Draw the graphs of f (x) = x2 and g(x) = sin x

• Draw the line y = x.

• Create a slider a

• Plot the point A(a, f (a))

• Draw the line passing through A and parallel to the x axis and

plot its point of intersection B with the line y = x.

• Draw the line passing through B and parallel to the y axis and

plot its point of intersection C with the graph of the function g.

• Draw the following lines and take their point of intersection D

– Passing through A and parallel to the y axis

– Passing through C and parallel to the x axis

• Complete the rectangle ABCD and hide the lines.

• Write the co ordinates of the points B, C and D in terms of a.

Answer

7
• Trace the point D and animate the slider. What does the path

represents?

Answer

• Use Locus tool to get the clear path.

• Create input boxes for the functions f and g.

• Following functions are of the form (gof )(x). Identify f and g

and use above applet to trace the path of the given functions.

i) sin |x| ii) elogx

Answer

(gof )(x) f (x) g(x)

sin |x|

elog x

Signature: ...................

Name of Teacher : ....................

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