FORMULE TRIGONOMETRICE

1. sin 2 x + cos 2 x = 1 ;
π  π 
2. sin  − x  = cos x ; cos − x  = sin x ;
2  2 
3. sin ( π − x ) = sin x ; cos( π − x ) = − cos x ; sin ( π + x ) = − sin x ; cos( π + x ) = − cos x ; sin ( 2π − x ) = − sin x ;
cos( π − x ) = cos x ;
4. sin ( a ± b ) = sin a cos b ± cos a sin b ;
5. cos( a ± b ) = cos a cos b sin a sin b ;
6. sin 2 x = 2 sin x cos x ;
7. cos 2 x = cos 2 x − sin 2 x = 1 − 2 sin 2 x = 2 cos 2 x − 1 ;
1 − cos 2 x 1 + cos 2 x
8. sin x = cos 2 x =
2
; ;
2 2
a+b a −b
9. sin a + sin b = 2 sin cos ;
2 2
a −b a+b
10. sin a − sin b = 2 sin cos ;
2 2
a+b a −b
11. cos a + cos b = 2 cos cos ;
2 2
a+b a −b
12. cos a − cos b = −2 sin sin ;
2 2
1
13. sin a sin b = [ cos( a − b ) − cos( a + b ) ] ;
2
1
14. cos a cos b = [ cos( a − b ) + cos( a + b ) ] ;
2
1
15. sin a cos b = [ sin ( a − b ) + sin ( a + b ) ] ;
2
sin x cos x 1
16. tg x = ; ctg x = ; ctg x = ;
cos x sin x tg x
π  π 
17. tg  − x  = ctg x ; ctg  − x  = tg x
2  2 
tg a ± tg b
18. tg ( a ± b ) = ;
1 tg a ⋅ tg b
2tg x
19. tg 2 x = ;
1 − tg 2 x
x x
2tg 1 − tg 2
2 ; 2;
20. sin x = cos x =
x x
1 + tg 2 1 + tg 2
2 2
sin ( a ± b )
21. tg a ± tg b = .
cos a cos b
22.; sin ( arcsin x ) = x ; cos( arcsin x ) = 1 − x 2 ;
x
tg ( arcsin x ) = ; ctg ( arcsin x ) =
1− x2
;
1− x2 x
23. sin ( arccos x ) = 1 − x 2 ; cos( arccos x ) = x ;
x
tg ( arccos x ) =
1− x2
; ctg ( arccos x ) = ;
x 1− x2
1
 x 1
24. sin ( arctg x ) = ; cos( arctg x ) = ;
1+ x2 1+ x2
1
tg ( arctg x ) = x ; ctg ( arctg x ) = ;
x
1 x
25. sin ( arcctg x ) = ; cos( arcctg x ) = ;
1+ x2 1+ x2
1
tg ( arcctgx ) = ; ctg ( arcctg x ) = x ;
x
a ∈ [ − 1; 1] ⇒ x = ( − 1) arcsin a + kπ , k ∈ Z;
k
26. sin x = a,
27. a ∈ [ − 1; 1] ⇒ x = ± arccos a + 2kπ , k ∈ Z;
cos x = a,
28. a ∈ R ⇒ x = arctg a + kπ , k ∈ Z;
tg x = a,
29. ⇒ x = kπ , k ∈ Z;
sin x = 0
π
30. cos x = 0 ⇒ x = + kπ , k ∈ Z.
2
x 0 =0
o
π π π π 180 o = π 360 o = 2π
30 o = 45 o = 60 o = 90 o =
6 4 3 2
sin x 0 1 2 3 1 0 0
2 2 2
cos x 1 1 0 -1 1
3 2
2 2 2
tgx 0 3 1 3 ±∞ 0 0
3
ctgx ±∞ 3 1 3 0 ±∞ ±∞
3