10

Arts
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
The Comparison of Modern Art
Movements
 Arts Grade 10
Quarter 1 Module 4: The Comparison of Modern Art Movements
First Edition, 2020

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Writers: Krizelle Mae B. Dubla

Editors:
Reviewers:
Illustrator:
Layout Artists:
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 LESSON
The Comparison of Modern Art
1 Movements

Hello! How far have you gone with the learnings and insights you gained
from the previous modules? I know it is quite challenging, fun, and interesting. In
the last module, you learned the influences of the modern art movements to the
Filipino modern artists. In this module, you will further enhance your
understanding of the modern art through the discussion of the distinct
characteristics of various modern art movements.
This module caters to your needs as learners. It is readily available with specific
and friendly instruction in every lesson. Remember to read the instructions before
answering each activity and assessment as part of the module. Answer this module
honestly.

Focus on the subject! This module is made readily accessible to you as a

learner along with the specific lessons that are needed to complete the self-study
program and enrichment. It covers the objectives of the lesson, pre-assessment,
lesson proper, post-assessment, summary of learning, answer keys, and the
references.

I know you can answer this module at your most convenient time and place.
Assistance of your parents and other members of your family is allowed while
learning especially on the areas that really need help like in performance tasks.

Please DO NOT WRITE anything on this module. Kindly use separate sheets
of paper in answering the pretest, self- check exercises and posttest.

Are you ready? Come on! Let’s do it.

What I Need to Know

Learning Competencies:
1. Uses artworks to derive the traditions/history of the various art movements.
(A10PL-lh-3)
2. Compares the characteristics of artworks produced in the various art
movements. (A10PL-Ih-4)
3. Explains the role or function of artworks by evaluating their utilization and
combination of art elements and principles. (A10PL-Ih-2)
4. Discusses the influence of iconic artists belonging to the various art
movements. (A10PR-Ic-e-2)

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 Specific Objectives:
At the end of the module, you should be able to:
1. tell the features of each artworks in the various art movements;
2. compare the characteristics of artworks in the various art movements;
3. evaluate the utilization and combination of art elements and principle;
and
4. appreciate self-expression through a finish artwork/output.

What I Know

A. CLASSIFY ME!
Directions: Classify each artwork below as to the art sub -movement it belongs to.
Choose your answer from the word pool below. Write your answer s in your notebook.

Abstract Realism Cubism Dadaism Mob Art

Op Art Performance Ar t Pop Art Surrealism

Image: www.wikipedia.com Image: www.allposters.com

1. _____________________________ 2. ______________________________

Image: www.wikiart.org Image: www.wikipedia.com

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3. _____________________________ 4. ________________________________

Image: www.wikiart.org Image: www.wikipedia.com

5. ______________________________ 6. _____________________________

https://img1.liveinternet.ru/images/attach/c/62/89/62089610_robinrhode165550x381.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_art

7. ______________________________ 8. _____________________________

B. Multiple Choices
Directions: Read carefully each statement below. Answer what is being asked by
choosing the letter of the best answer. Write your answer in your notebook.

9. Which of the following best describes the subject of Monet’s paintings?

a. trees and animals
b. rivers and boats
c. flower gardens and water lily ponds
d. houses and gardens

10. Which type of art marked the transition from realism to impressionism? a.
abstract
b. conventional
c. modern
d. pragmatic

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11. Which of the following is not a characteristic of cubist artwork?
a. It shows motion and speed all at once.
b. Artworks are made of planes and angles.
c. It uses three-dimensional geometric figures.
d. It aims to show all of the possible viewpoints of a person or an object.

12. Which of the following movements infuses elements of design with the
depiction of real life in visual arts?
a. Abstract realism
b. Optical art
c. Performance art
d. Pop art

13. What are the elements that constitute performance arts?

a. Space, time, performer’s body, relationship between audience and
nature.
b. Performer’s body, time, space, relationship between performer and
dancers
c. Time, space, performer’s body, relationship between nature and
performer
d. Time, space, performer’s body, relationship between the performer
and the audience

14. Charlie went to an art exhibit. He saw artworks done by optical artist. What
illusions did he see?
a. A visual experience with the action taking place in the viewer’s eyes
b. Expressed meaning of emotional experience rather than physical
reality
c. Artworks that use geometric approach, fragmenting objects and
distorting people’s faces and body parts and applying colors
d. Images from popular and mass culture, such as advertising, comic
books and mundane mass-produced cultural objects

15. Why is social realism an expressionist art?

a. It is done just for a purpose.
b. The arts are just for viewers’ eyes only.
c. It does not last for a long period of time.
d. It expresses the artist’s role in social reform.

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 Now that you are done with the pre -assessment activity,
you can check your answers on the answer key found on page 18.
If you got a perfect score, you don’t need to continue this module.
You may proceed to the next one.

What’s In

Looking back through Western history, it is notable to see the different types
of art that made an impact to the society. By making a timeline through different
art movements, we can see not only how modern and contemporary art has
developed, but also how art becomes a reflection of its time.

Impressionism has started it all as an underground, controversial movement

while Abstract Expressionism has shifted in the art world from Paris to New York.
These different types of art are interconnected. As the time clock swings, art styles
are often revolutionary reactions against or innovations to their predecessors. While
looking back at some of the most important art movements in history, we have a
clearer understanding of how famous artists like Van Gogh, Picasso, Warhol, and
Pollock have revolutionized and influenced the modern art world.

The distinct characteristics of various modern art movements do not only

create an impact to the modern society, but also holds true to the generations to
come. Let us learn how the modern art movements can change the way we perceive
modern art forms.

Are you ready? Let’s get it on!

What’s New

Activity 1:
Directions: Work on the given task by following the procedure below.
1. Think and choose one modern artist from the different art movements that
made an impact to you.
2. Given a chance to make your own art composition with its influences, select
art materials that are readily available at home and make your own art
composition.
3. List down in a ½ sheet of paper the materials that you are going to use, and
plan how to use these materials to express your message.
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 4. Decide on a title of your artwork.
(Example: oil pastel on illustration board; watercolor/poster color, mixed
media art etc.)

Good job! How did you find the activity? Were you able to
connect yourself to it? What you have done is a part of
your study with this module. In order for you to learn
more about the impact of the modern art, I urge you to
continue reading. Check your work on page 19 of this
module.

What is It

Modern Art Movements History and Distinct

Characteristics
ABSTRACT REALISM

Abstract realism, as art, is a fusion of imagination and innovation brought

about by impressionism and expressionism. The artists mix their thoughts,
feelings, and emotions into their paintings of real life objects.
Abstract art is a visualization of patterns, colors, texture, and lines without
the need of external motivation while realistic art consists of art forms that aim to
copy the natural picture or view such as photography.
Historically, abstract realism started in Europe in the late 19th century.
Abstract art fully emerged in the early 20th century when a decline in the
appreciation of realism became more common among Avant-garde artists of the
period. Similarly, the abstract art movement allowed for coherent analysis and
meaning via lines, colors and shapes that had not been previously recognized in
art. Eventually, this gave birth to abstract realism.

x+y=

Robert Delaunay, 1912, Francis Picabia, c. 1909

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_art

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 www.wikipedia.com

Francis Picabia was born on January 22, 1879. He

Robert Delaunay was a French artist who with his wife Sonia
Delaunay and others, co-founded the Orphism art movement
which is noted for its use of strong colors and geometric
shapes. His later works were more abstract. His key influence
is related to bold use of color and a clear love of
experimentation with both depth and tone. He was born on
April 12, 1885. was a French avant-garde painter, poet and
typographist and associated with Cubism. His highly abstract
planar compositions were colorful and rich in contrasts. He
was later briefly associated with Surrealism, but would soon
turn his back on the art establishment and became a follower
of abstract realism.

DADAISM
www.wikipedia.com

Dadaism was an artistic movement in the early 20th century, practiced by a

group of European writers, artists, and intellectuals in protest against World War I.
The artworks showed rejection of the logic, reason, and aestheticism and expressed
nonsense, irrationality and anti-elite protest in their works. It is a style
characterized by dream fantasies, memory images, and visual tricks and surprises
as seen in the paintings of Marc Chagall and Giorgio de Chirico below.

Melancholy and Mystery of a Street

Giorgio de Chirico, 1914
Oil on Canvas

Giorgio de Chirico was an Italian artist and writer from

Greece. In the years before World War I, he founded the scuola
metafisica art movement which profoundly influenced the
surrealists. His most well-known works often featured Roman
arcades, long shadows, mannequins, trains, and illogical
perspective. His imagery reflected his
affinity for the philosophy of Nietzsche and for the
www.wikipedia.com mythology of his birthplace. He was born on July 10,
1888.

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SURREALISM

Surrealism is an art style that depicts illogical and subconscious dream

world beyond the logical, conscious, and physical one. It was derived from the term
“super realism” with its artworks clearly showing hallucinations, dreams, seeing
illusions and a departure from what is real and natural.

I and the Village

Marc Chagall, 1911
Oil on Canvas

Marc Chagall was a Russian-French artist of Belarusian

Jewish origin. As an early modernist, he was associated with
several major artistic styles and created works in a wide range
of artistic formats, including painting, drawings, book
illustrations, stained glass, stage sets, ceramic tapestries and
fine art prints.

www.wikipedia.com

CUBISM

It is an early 20th century art movement that made innovations in paintings and
sculpture in Europe. The art style derived its name from the cube, a
threedimensional geometric figure which is composed of measured lines, planes,
and angles. The artworks of the cubist artists are a play combination of planes and
angles on a flat surface. Cubism was considered as the most influential art
movement of the 20th century. The most notable proponent of cubism was Pablo
Picasso.

Image : www.wikipedia.c o

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 Pablo Ruiz Picasso was a Spanish painter, sculptor,
printmaker, ceramicist and theatre designer. He spent most of
his adult life in France. Regarded as one of the most influential
artists of the 20th century, he was known for his co-founding
the Cubist movement, inventing constructed sculpture, co-
inventing collage, and developing wide variety of styles. He was
born on October 25, 1881.

OPTICAL ART (OP ART)

Optical Art or Op Art is an art movement that emerged in the 1960s. This is
an experiment in visual experience as a form of “action painting” with the action
taking place in the viewer’s eye. Lines, spaces, and colors are carefully and
precisely planned, visualized and positioned in op art to illustrate the illusion of
movement which let viewers experience varied
sensations from discomfort to confusion to
dizziness.

Current
Bridget Riley, 1964
Synthetic Polymer Paint on Composition Board

Image: www.wikiart.org

Bridget Louise Riley CH CBE was an English painter

known for singular op art paintings. He lived and worked in

London, Cornwall and the Vaucluse in
France. He was born on April 24, 1931.

POPULAR ART (POP ART)

Pop art is an art movement that arose in the United Kingdom and the
United States of America during the mid- to late-1950s. The movement presents a
challenge to traditions of fine art by including imagery from popular and mass
culture, such as advertising, comic books and mundane mass-produced cultural
objects. One of its objectives is to use images of popular culture in art, emphasizing
the banal or kitschy elements of any culture, most often through the use of irony.

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 Artworks range from paintings, to posters, to collages, to three-dimensional
“assemblages” and installations. Historically, pop artists made use of recognizable
objects and images from the consumers —as in the prints of Andy Warhol. Their
inspirations were the celebrities, advertisements, billboards, and comic strips that
were becoming popular at that time which led to the emergence of the term pop
(from “popular”) art.

Whaam! In the Car

Roy Lichtenstein, 1963 Roy Lichtenstein, 1963
Acrylic and oil on canvas

Roy Fox Lichtenstein was an American pop artist. He was

born on October 27, 1923. During the 1960s, he along
with Andy Warhol, Jasper Johns, and James
Rosenquist among others, became a leading figure in
the new art movement. His work defined the premise of
pop art through parody. Inspired by the comic strip, he
produced precise compositions that documented while
they parodied, often in a tongue-in-cheek manner. His
work was influenced by popular advertising and the
comic book style.

PERFORMANCE ART

Performance art is a form of modern art in which the actions of an

individual or a group at a particular place and in a particular time constitute the
work. Usually, performance art can happen anywhere, at any time, or for any
length of time. It can be any situation involving four basic elements: time, space,
performer’s body, and relationship between the performer and the audience.

Moreover, it includes activities such as theater, dance, music, mime,

juggling, and gymnastics. These are unexpected, avant-garde, and unorthodox
activities meant to capture the audience’s attention. The performer himself or
herself is the artist.

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 The performance can be done anywhere, and it rarely follows a story line or
plot. It may last for a few minutes or extend for several hours and may be based on
a written script or impromptu as the performance evolves.

https://img1.liveinternet.ru/images/attach/c/62/89/62089610_robinrhode165550x381.jpg

https://unsplash.com/s/photos/performance-art

Paul McCarthy was born on Salt Lake City, Utah in

1945. He studied and received his BFA in painting at the San
Francisco Art Institute. In 1972, he studied
film, video, and art at the University of Southern California
receiving an MFA. He taught performance, video, installation, and
performance art history at the University of California, Los
Angeles. He worked mainly in video and sculpture. Originally, he
was trained as a painter, and his main interest lies in everyday
activities and the Image: www.wikipedia.org mess created by them. Much of
his work in the late 1960s, such as Mountain Bowling (1969) and
Hold an Apple in Your Armpit (1970).

What’s More

Now that you have learned the distinct characteristics of

various modern art movements and the influences these have
Well done! brought to the modern art world , let us check
how far you have gone with the lesson. Do the activities and
assessments that are prepared for you to work on.
Are you ready? Let us move on.

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ACTIVITY 1
Directions: Follow the given set of instructions to work on the activity below.
1. Choose one art movement. Create a simple artwork by applying its distinct
characteristics. Make use of any available art materials you have at home.
2. Make a simple explanation of your work on a ½ sheet of paper and paste it at
the back of your artwork.
3. Be creative and do not forget to give a title to your work.
4. Submit your output to your teacher for evaluation and recording. It can also be
submitted through online. If you have a camera phone, just take a picture of it
and send to your teacher.

(Note: Please refer to the rubrics found in the Answer Key on page 19.)

ASSESSMENT 1
Directions: Write T if the sentence gives a correct idea. If it is false, change the
underlined word/s to make it right. Write your answer on a ¼ sheet of paper.

1. Paul McCarthy is a cubist American artist.

2. Performance art is an artwork that involves three basic elements.
3. Pop art creates an illusion to the viewers.
4. Abstract realism is a fusion of abstractionism and realism.
5. Dadaism is a style characterized by dream fantasies, memory images, and
visual tricks and surprises.

ACTIVITY 2

Directions: Work on the given task by following the instructions below to come up
with a work of art.
1. Make your own artwork showing self-expression applying your
understanding of the principles applied in expressionism art. (Example:
painting, drawing, sculpting, stone engraving, soap carving, caricature,
etc.)
2. Give a title of your work/output based on its function and utilization.
(Example: an artwork used as a protest against environmental
degradation)
3. Check your output based on the rubrics on page 19.

ASSESSMENT 2

Directions: Complete the sentences below by filling in the space provided with the
correct word/s.
1. The most notable proponent of cubism is _________________.
2. _________________ shows actual pulsation or flickering is perceived by the
human eye.
3. The pop art masterpieces _________________ and _________________ are
compositions of Roy Lichtenstein.

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 4. The Girl in a Mirror is an example of _________________.
5. Bridget Riley is an _________________ artist.

Very good! You are now gearing towards the end of this
module. Check your answers in Activities and Assessments on
page 20 of this module.

What I Have Learned

I have learned that….

• Art movements evolve in time, mostly created an innovations and
modifications from the artworks of their predecessors.
• Each art movement has its distinct characteristics from one another.
• The modern art movements from Impressionism to Contemporary arts
made an impact not only to the individual artist, but more so to the
society as a whole.
• Aside from the aesthetic function of arts, it is also utilized as a form of
social and political protest a gainst injustices like the cubists and
social realists.

What I Can Do

Directions: Write a short comparative analysis essay about the characteristics of

artworks in the 20th century. Use the table below as your guide and write your
essay on a separate sheet of paper.
SIMILARITIES DIFFERENCES

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

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__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

(Note: Please refer to the rubrics found in the answer key on page 21.)

“Painting is self -discovery. Every good artist paints what he is.”

--Jackson Pollock --

Assessment

Directions: Read carefully each statement below. Write the letter of the best
answer in your notebook.

1. Which of the following art styles got the inspiration from the beauty of
geometrical figures? a. Cubism
b. Op Art
c. Performance Art
d. Pop Art

2. Why is social realism an expressionist art?

a. It is done just for a purpose.
b. The arts are for viewers’ eyes only.
c. It does not last for a long period of time.
d. Because it expresses the artist’s role in social reform.

3. What art style creates illusion to the viewers?

a. Abstract Realism
b. Cubism
c. Dadaism
d. Op Art

4. Who among the following was an Op art artist?

a. Bridget Riley
b. Danny Sillada
c. Pablo Picasso
d. Roy Lichtenstein

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5. Which of the following is another use of artworks aside from their aesthetic
function?
a. Decorations at home
b. Exhibit at the hall
c. Social and political protest
d. None of the above

6. Which is not an element used in cubism style?

a. Different forms of shapes and lines
b. Images of modern objects
c. Planes and figure images
d. Use of bold and vibrant colors

7. What art form constitutes the action of an individual or a group at a

particular time and place?
a. Conceptual art
b. Installation art
c. Optical art
d. Performance art

8. What style uses lines and shapes with variety of colors?

a. Cubism
b. Dadaism
c. Abstract Realism
d. Op Art

9. Which of the following activities are examples of performance art?

a. Theatre, dance, painting
b. Juggling, painting, sculpting
c. Theatre, dance, music, mime
d. Gymnastics, juggling, playing

10.What type of art marked the transition from realism to impressionism? a.

Abstract
b. Conventional
c. Modern
d. Pragmatic

11.The lasting legacy of cubism to modern art can be seen through their
artworks. All the following are characteristics of cubist artwork EXCEPT ___.
a. It shows motion and speed all at once.
b. Artworks are made of planes and angles.
c. Makes use of three-dimensional geometric figures.
d. It aims to show all of the possible viewpoints of a person or an object all
at once.
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12.Charlie went to an art exhibit. He saw artworks done by optical artist. What
illusions did he saw?
a. A visual experience with the action taking place in the viewers eyes.
b. Express the meaning of emotional experience rather than physical reality.
c. Artworks that use geometric approach, fragmenting objects and
distorting people’s faces and body parts and applying colors.
d. Images from popular and mass culture, such as advertising, comic books
and mundane mass-produced cultural objects.

13.What style infuses elements of design depicting of real life in visual arts?
a. Abstract realism
b. Optical art
c. Performance art
d. Pop art

14.What are the elements that constitute performance arts?

a. Space, time, performer’s body, relationship between audience and
nature.
b. Performer’s body, time, space, relationship between performer and
dancers
c. Time, space, performer’s body, relationship between nature and
performer
d. Time, space, performer’s body, relationship between the performer and
the audience

15.What style is achieved through an orderly and precise use of shapes and
colors?
a. Abstract Realism
b. Cubism
c. Dadaism
d. Op Art

Please refer to the answer key on post -assessment on

page 22 of this module.

I hope you got it all. Good job.

16
 Additional Activit ies

LEARN MORE…

PERFORMANCE ARTS

1. For the Performance Arts Activity, it will be done INDIVIDUALLY OR IN A

SMALL GROUP with a maximum of 5 members only. You may choose one or
a mixture of performance act below:
acting theatre recitation
singing public speaking magic or illusion performances
dancing mime opera spoken word
2. The performance can be live or via media. You may use available gadgets like
smartphone or video recorder.
3. Performance time can be up to 5 minutes. The basic elements should be
observed in your performance.

(Note: Please refer to the rubrics found in the answer key on page 22.)

Remember that the “world is a big theater”. You are the

main artist, and everyone is your co-artist and supporting
artists as well. Life is a performance in reality, which you
have to cherish and protect.

Congratulations for a job well done!

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 18
What’s New
Output of students may vary. This is
just an example of an output influenced
by abstract expressionism .
What I Know
Test A: Classify Me Test B:Multiple Choice
1. SURREALISM 9 . C
2. POP ART 10 . A
3. OP ART 11 . A
4. CUBISM 12 . A
5. DADAISM 13 . D
6. SURREALISM 14 . A
7. PERFORMANCE ART 15 . D
8. ABSTRACT REALISM
Answer Key
 19
What’s New / What’s More
Rubrics for the Activities
EXCELLENT VERY GOOD GOOD
(20 pts. ) (15 pts. ) (10 pts. )
Style of Artwork The artwork is The artw ork is The artwork
Subjective use of planned carefully; planned shows little
indigenous understanding of adequately; evidence of
materials, all concepts is understanding of understanding
scrap/waste clearly some concepts is the concepts in
materials mixed demonstrated in demonstrated in using subjective
with color choices. using subjective using subjective colors and scrap
colors and scrap colors and scrap materials.
materials in materials in
making the making the
output. output.
Craftsmanship/ The artwork The artwork The artwork
Skill shows shows a very shows minimal
Use of art skills outstanding art - good art - making art - making
expressing making skills, skills and very skills and little
emotion. with clear good attention to attention to
attention to control selection control selection
control selection and and
and experimentation experimentation
experimentation of medium/media of
of medium/media for expressing an medium/media
for expressing emotion. for express ing an
emotion. emotion.
Creativity/ The artwork The artwork The artwork
Originality demonstrates demonstrates demonstrates
Inventiveness, original personal very good amount little personal
expression and
expression of expression and of personal
use of principles
ideas and outstanding use expression and and elements of
imagination of principles and use of principles arts.
portrayed in the elements of arts. and elements of
construction of arts.
project.
 20
ASSESSMENT 2 ASSESSMENT 1
1. PABLO PICASSO 1. American performance
2. OPTICAL ART artist
3. WHAAM/IN THE CAR 2. Four basic elements
4. CUBISM 3. Op art
5. OPTICAL 4. T
5. T
Activity 2
Sample expressionism artwork .
Artwork may vary based on the
concept interpretation,
understanding and mood of the
student.
What’s More
Sample installation art . Artwork Activity 1
may vary based on the concept
interpretation, understanding
and mood of the student.
21
22
References
Raul M. Sunico, PhD., Evelyn F. Cabanban, Melissa Y Moran. 2015. Horizons
Music and Arts Appreciation for Young Filipinos. Tawid Publications.

n.d. lovevoll.com. Accessed May 22, 2020.

https://lovevoll.com/2013/01/30/robinrhode/robinrhode10/.

n.d. unsplash.com. Accessed May 23, 2020.

https://unsplash.com/s/photos/performance-art.

n.d. wikiart. Accessed May 21, 2020. https://www.wikiart.org/en/bridget-riley.

n.d. wikiart. Accessed May 21, 2020. https://www.wikiart.org/en/giorgio-

dechirico/mystery-and-melancholy-of-a-street-1914.

n.d. wikimedia. Accessed May 21, 2020.

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Paul_Klee_Diana.jpg.

n.d. wikipedia. Accessed May 20, 2020.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_and_the_Village.

n.d. wikipedia. Accessed May 20, 2020.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girl_before_a_Mirror.

n.d. wikipedia. Accessed May 20, 2020. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_the_Car.

n.d. wikipedia. Accessed May 20, 2020.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_art.

n.d. wikipedia. Accessed May 22, 2020.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Picabia.

n.d. wikipedia. Accessed May 21, 2020.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Delaunay.

n.d. wikipedia. Accessed May 23, 2020.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giorgio_de_Chirico.

n.d. wikipedia. Accessed May 23, 2020.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Musicians.

n.d. wikipedia. Accessed May 23, 2020. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whaam!

n.d. wikipedia. Accessed May 23, 2020.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_McCarthy.

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 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division of Ilocos Norte – Curriculum Implementation Division

Learning Resource Management Section (SDOIN-CID LRMS)

Office Address: Brgy. 7B, Giron Street, Laoag City, Ilocos Norte
Telefax: (077) 771-0960
Telephone No.: (077) 770-5963, (077) 600-2605
E-mail Address: [email protected]