A M U - A M I T

F A C U L T Y O F A R C H I T E C T U R E & P L A N N I N G

ARCH 5312: RESTORATION and PRESERVATION

- Introduction Of Restoration and PRESERVATiON

L e c t u r e b y : A l e m e a g .
 What is Architecture?
• The ART and SCIENCE of designing and erecting buildings
and other physical structures.
• A GENERAL TERM TO DESCRIBE BUILDINGS and other
structures.
• Architecture is the art and science of building design.
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION is the process of assembling
materials to form a building.
• Architecture is both THE PROCESS AND PRODUCT OF
PLANNING, DESIGNING and constructing form, space and
ambience that reflect functional, technical, social, and
aesthetic considerations
 WHAT IS HERITAGE?
• noun - property that is or may be inherited; an inheritance.
• Heritage is the full range of our inherited traditions, monuments, objects, and
culture. Most important, it is the range of contemporary activities, meanings, and
behaviors that we draw from them.
• In recent years, it has become increasingly clear that public heritage preservation and
interpretation can play a constructive role in the social evolution of nations, regions, and
local communities.
 HERITAGE TYPES
• There are three types of sites: cultural, natural, and mixed. Cultural heritage sites include
hundreds of historic buildings and town sites, important archaeological sites, and works of
monumental sculpture or painting Natural heritage sites are restricted to those natural areas
that
1. furnish outstanding examples of Earth’s record of life or its geologic processes,
2. provide excellent examples of ongoing ecological and biological evolutionary processes,

3. contain natural phenomena that are rare, unique, superlative, or of outstanding beauty, or
4. furnish habitats for rare or endangered animals or plants or are sites of exceptional
biodiversity. Mixed heritage sites contain elements of both natural and cultural significance.
▪ Architectural works are often PERCEIVED AS CULTURAL and POLITICAL SYMBOLS and as
WORKS OF ART.
➢ HISTORICAL CIVILIZATIONS ARE OFTEN IDENTIFIED WITH THEIR SURVIVING
ARCHITECTURAL ACHIEVEMENTS.

Heritage
Restoration and preservation
 Engineers
knows everything about something,

but
Architects
knows something about everything.
RESTORATION and PRESERVATION
I N T R O D U C T I O N
 Definitions Of Conservation Terminology
• Conservation: The profession devoted to the preservation of cultural
property for the future. Conservation activities include examination,
documentation, treatment, and preventive care, supported by
research and education.
• Preservation: The protection of cultural property through activities
that minimize chemical and physical deterioration and damage and
that prevent loss of informational content. The primary goal of
preservation is to prolong the existence of cultural property.
• Restoration: Treatment procedures intended to return cultural property
to a known or assumed state, often through the addition of non-
original material.
 Definitions Of Conservation Terminology
• Cultural Property: Objects, collections, specimens, structures, or
sites identified as having artistic, historic, scientific, religious, or
social significance.
• Examination: The investigation of the structure, materials, and
condition of cultural property including the identification of the
extent and causes of alteration and deterioration.
• Documentation: The recording in a permanent format of
information derived from conservation activities.
 Definitions Of Conservation Terminology
• Treatment: The deliberate alteration of the chemical and/or
physical aspects of cultural property, aimed primarily at
prolonging its existence. Treatment may consist of stabilization
and/or restoration.
• Stabilization: Treatment procedures intended to maintain the
integrity of cultural property and to minimize deterioration.
• Preventive Care (also referred to as preventive conservation): The
mitigation of deterioration and damage to cultural property through
the formulation and implementation of policies and procedures for the
following: appropriate environmental conditions; handling and
maintenance.
 Definitions Of Conservation Terminology
• Conservator: A professional whose primary occupation is the practice of conservation
and who, through specialized education, knowledge, training, and experience,
formulates and implements all the activities of conservation in accordance with an
ethical code such as the AIC Code of Ethics and Guidelines for Practice.
• Conservation Educator: A professional with substantial knowledge and experience in the
theory and techniques of conservation whose primary occupation is to teach the
principles, methodology, and/or technical aspects of the profession in accordance with
an ethical code such as the AIC Code of Ethics and Guidelines for Practice.
• Conservation Scientist: A professional scientist whose primary focus is the application of
specialized knowledge and skills to support the activities of conservation in accordance
with an ethical code such as the AIC Code of Ethics and Guidelines for Practice.
 Definitions Of Conservation Terminology
• Conservation Technician: An individual who is trained and experienced in specific
conservation treatment activities and who works in conjunction with or under the
supervision of a conservator. A conservation technician may also be trained and
experienced in specific preventive care activities.
• Collections Care Specialist: An individual who is trained and experienced in specific
preventive care activities and who works in conjunction with or under the supervision of a
conservator.
• Conservation Administrator: A professional with substantial knowledge of conservation
who is responsible for the administrative aspects and implementation of conservation
activities in accordance with an ethical code such as the AIC Code of Ethics and
Guidelines for Practice.
 Approaches To The Treatment Of Historic Properties
• In the world of architecture, terms like reconstruction, renovation,
restoration, preservation and conservation are commonplace. But
they all mean different things and the differences can have a
profound effect on how we improve on a property and how we
protect and preserve our heritage
 Approaches To The Treatment Of Historic Properties . . .

• Architectural Conservation: describes the process through which

the material, historical, and design integrity of mankind’s built
heritage are prolonged through carefully planned interventions.

• Architectural conservation deals with issues of prolonging the life

and integrity of architectural character and integrity, such as form
and style, and/or its constituent materials, such as stone, brick,
glass, metal and wood.
 Conservation
• means all the processes of looking after a place so as to retain its
historical and/or architectural and/or aesthetic and/or cultural
significance and includes maintenance, preservation, restoration,
reconstruction and adoption or a combination of more than one
of these.
• seeking to maintain and increase the value of buildings by
keeping their original built form and architectural elements.
• Example: Ensuring the absolute maximum amount of the original
material, in as unaltered a condition as possible, is preserved.
 Restoration
• meansand includes RETURNING THE EXISTING FABRIC of a
place to A KNOWN EARLIER STATE by REMOVING
ACCRETIONS or by REASSEMBLING existing components
WITHOUT INTRODUCING NEW MATERIALS.
• making repairs to a building while retaining materials
from the most significant time in a property’s history.
• Example:unpicking a building and removing elements
which detract from its original character.
 Preservation
• means and includes MAINTAINING the fabric of a place
in its EXISTING STATE and RETARDING DETERIORATION.
• keeping a building feature from destruction.
• Example: retaining the maximum amount of building
fabric with minimal repairs or changes to the original
building fabric.
 Reconstruction
• means and includes returning a place as nearly
as possible to a known earlier state and
distinguished by the introduction of materials
(new or old) into the fabric. This shall not include
either recreation or conjectural reconstruction.
 Renovation
• It is the process of improving a broken, damaged, or outdated
structure. It refers to making something look like new, or bringing
something back to life.
• making improvements and/or repairs to a building, externally
and/or internally.
• Example: addition of an extension to a property, replastering and
redecorating.
 Renovation Typologies
• Heritage buildings are typically renovated in one of three
ways:
• Basic – Restoration Of Historical Elements (face lift)
• Intermediate – Selective removal of non heritage elements
and restoration of heritage elements
• Advanced – retention of only heritage elements, removal
of everything else
ASSIGNMENT -1
“Prohibited Area” & “Regulated Area”

• “Prohibited Area” means area of the protected monuments

declared as of national importance and extending to a distance
of 100 meters in all direction.

• “Regulated Area” means area in respect of every ancient

monuments and archaeological sites and remains declared as of
national importance and extending to a distance of 200 meters in
all direction.