Revised syllabus for honors in Development Studies (CBS)

I Semester

1.1: Foundation Course-1 (Economics)

Unit 1: Introduction

What is Economics About? Definition and Scope of economics-economy-Principal Functions

and Structure-Basic Problems of an Economy- The problem of Economizing-Production
Possibility curve-Concepts of opportunity cost.

Unit 2: Demand and Supply

Basic Elements of demand and supply-The demand schedule-Demand Curve-Determinants of

Market demand-shift in demand-elasticity of demand –Demand and consumer behavior-
choice and utility theory-supply schedule-supply curve-Forces determining supply-shift in
supply elasticity of supply-Equilibrium of supply and demand.

Unit 3: Cost, Revenue and Market Structure

Meaning of Cost, Revenue – Types of cost and Revenue-Fixed cost, total cost, Marginal
Cost, Average cost, Short-run and Long run Cost-Total Revenue-Average Revenue and
Marginal Revenue-Concept of Market Structure-Types of Market-Market Efficiency.

Unit 4: National Income Analysis

Concept of National Income-Measurement of National Income-National Income and welfare-

Concept of green income-significance of national Income Estimates.

Unit 5: Macroeconomics Policies and Balance of Payments

Meaning-Composition-Objects of Monetary Policy-Tools and Limitations of Monetary

Policy-Objectives of Fiscal Policy-Tools and Limitations-Complementary between Monetary
and Fiscal Policy for development and stabilization-Meaning of BOP-Structure-
Disequilibrium in BOP.

Projects, Tutorials and Assignments

1 Interactive Sessions on the Structure and activities of an economy.

2. Assignment on optimum Allocation of Resources.
3. Construction of a numerical demand and supply schedule for a particular commodity.
4. Measurement and estimation of Elasticity of Demand and supply.
5. Calculation and graphing of AR, MR, AC & MC using numerical examples.
6. Interactive session and market structure and efficiency.
7. Numerical examples for estimation of national income, real national income.
8. Interactive sessions on the role of Fiscal and Monetary Policy in addressing the problem of
inflation and unemployment.
9. Explaining the trends in India’s B O P
10. Assessing Fiscal Impact i.e., Public Expenditure vs. Tax Reduction on the Economy.

Suggesting Reading:

Paul Samuelson; Economics.

David Begg and others; Economic
C.T. Kurien; the Economy – an Interpretative Introduction.
G.R. Hicks: The Social Framework. Do – A Theory of economic history.
 1.2 Foundation Course: Geography

Unit-1

The subject matter of Geography, Geography as a space-time discipline, Locational/ Spatial

analysis and spatial dimensions of development.

Unit-2

Four traditions in Geography: spatial, man-environment, area studies and earth sciences
traditions: geography and resources, population resources and development.

Unit-3

Geography of development; development paradigms; sustainability: social, economic,

environmental, cultural and community sustainability; rural and urban development
spectrum.

Unit-4

Geography of welfare and change: who gets what where? And what to put where, why and
how? Locational problems in social-cultural and services planning.

References

Haggett, P. 2008: Geography: A Global synthesis, London: Edward Arnold.

Haggett, P. 2006: Geography: A Modern synthesis, London: Edward Arnold.
Harvey, D. 2001: Explanation in Geography; London: Edward Arnold.
 1.3 Foundation Course Society and Social Change
Unit1.

Society – Meaning and characteristics Major theoretical formulations in sociology

Angnete Comte (Social Statics and Social Dynamics), Herbert Spencer (Organism
Analogy), Karl Marx (Class Conflict), Emile Durkheim (Social Fact).Key concepts in
the understanding of society; community, association, social groups, social processes,
social interaction, social control, heredity and environment.
Unit 2.
Culture – Meaning features and types, Socialization – Meaning, Agencies. Social
Institutions – Meaning, features, major social institutions, family, religion, economy,
education, politics (Meaning features, types, recent changes and relation to
development).
Unit 3.
The Indian Society – A brief social history, typical features of Indian society; multi,
religions, multi-care, multi-lingual, rural, tradition vs modernity. Social Stratification –
Meaning and features, forms of stratification, distinction between caste and class, caste
in Indian traditional and changing aspects.
Unit 4.
Social Mobility – Meaning, types, factors affecting social mobility with special
reference to India. Social change – Meaning, nature of change, theories of social
change, obstacles to social change.

Unit 5.
Non-economic factors affecting development (with special reference to Indian).
i) Family ii) Values iii) Religion iv) Caste v) Education vi) Politics

Books for References:

1. S.C. Dube : Indian Society
2. Antony Giddense – Sociology
3. Neil Smelser – Sociology
4. Ritzer G : Sociological Theory
5. Yogendra Singh : Modernization of Indian Tradition
6. Desai A.R. : Modernization in Under developed Societies
7. Andra Beteille : Caste, Class and Power
8. Tumur M : Social Stratification
9. L. Coser : Masters of Sociological Thought
10. Yogendra Singh : Social Stratifications and Change in India
11. Milton Singer and Coha B.S. : Structure and Change in Indian Society.
12. a) Scarlet T. Epstein, Economic Development and Social Change
b) South India yesterday, today and tomorrow.
 1.4 Introduction to Development Studies

Unit 1.
The concept of development, transition from quantitative to qualitative indices.
Growth and Development – Synonymyty to disjunction.

Unit 2.
Characteristics of modern economic growth – its unequal spread and global disparities.
Common characteristics and dissimilarities among developing countries.

Unit 3.
Core values of Development, Assessing development - from per capita income to PQLI,
Choice and access, HDI, Seers’ criteria.

Unit 4.
Approaches to development theory – as a continuum (nonspecific theories) and distinct
Body of knowledge.

Unit 5.
Survey of non-specific theories. Classical, new – classical, Schumpeter, Marxian.

Suggested Reading:
M.P. Todaro : Economic Development in the Third World
R. Higgins : Economic Development
Colman and Nixson : Economic change in the Less Developed
Countries
B. Hettne : Development Theory and Third Worlds
G. Myrdel : Asian Drama (Specially Volume III)
H. Myint : Economics of the Developing Countries
1.5 Quantitative Analysis

Unit 1.
Introduction – Definition of Statistics. Measurement – Normal ordinal and internal
scale of measurement.
Unit 2.
Tables – Textual, semi-tabular tables, frequency distribution – construction frequency
distribution table for discrete and continuous variable. Graphical and diagrammatic
representations of the data. Bar diagram, histograms, frequency polygon, frequency
curve, a give pie diagrams.

Unit 3.
Measurement of central tendency – Arithmatic Mean, Median.Mode and Geometric
mean – definitions, characteristics and uses.Measure of dispersion – Range, mean
deviation, quartile deviation and standard deviation – definitions, characteristics uses
and coefficient of variations correlation – simple correlation coefficient, Rank
correlation co- efficient.
Unit 4.
Linear regressions; constants of regression equation sampling. Techniques – simple
random sampling – with and without replacement; systematic sampling and stratified
sampling testing of hypothesis – Type I and II, Type II errors, t-test, Chi-square test.

Unit 5.
Index number – Price Index Numbers – Lasyeyrs Price Index, Peas Index numbers.
Time Series – Linear trend moving averages for smoothing, Seasonal index and cyclical
variations analysis of census data.

Suggested Readings:

William Neiswanger : elementary statistical methods. Revised 3rd edition. The

Macmillan Co., New York, 1961 Donald L. Harnett.
Introduction to Statistical Methods. Second Edition, Addison Mesley Publishing Co.,
1975.
Harold O Kiess: Statistical Concepts for the behavioural Sciences, Allyn and Racon
Co., 1989.
A.M. Boon and Others: Fundamental of Statistics Vol. I and II World Press, Calcutta,
1987.
valley regions, administration regions, regional delineation techniques. Boundary
Girdle method, transitional zone technique, Ridge line technique, principal component
techniques, composite index technique.

Planning regions of India – Earlier attempts, attempts by TCPO.

Macro, meso and micro regions, basic postulates and characteristics.

Spatial synchronization for primary, secondary and tertiary activity synchronization of

urban activities synchronization of urban activities with region economy.

Theories of spatial organization – urban spalce burgess.

Homer Hoyt, Harris, regional space Van Thunen, Alfred Weber.

Hierarchy of settlements – Zipfs Rank size rule, Misra’s growth foci concept, linkages
and development and settlements Rural urban continous and synchronization of
development formulation and implementation of synchronized development plans.

Suggested Reading:

Misra R.P. Prakasa Rao VLS and Sundaram K.V. Regional Development Planning in
India, Concept Publishers, New Delhi, 1978.

Friedmann J. Alonso W. Regional Development Planning – A reader MIT Press, 1964.

Mahajan D.P. Economic Planning and Regional Development, India, FSS Publishers,
New Delhi, 1982.

Misra R.P. District Planning – A Hand Book, Concept Publishing House, New Delhi,
1990.

Rees P.H. and Wilson A.G. Spatial Population Analysis, Esward Arnold, London, 1977.

Sinha, R.K. Planning in India : A Critique, South Asian Publishers, New Delhi, 1987.

Hanson A.H. The Process of Planning – A Study of India’s Five Year Plans – 1950-64,
Oxford University Press, London, 1966.

Rao, VKRV, Mazumdar H.K. and Amal Roy – Planning for Change, Vikas Publishing
House, New Delhi, 1975.
 Revised syllabus for honors in Development Studies (CBS)
II SEMESTER

2.1 Theories of Development

Unit.1.

Survey of specific developing thought from Rosenstein-Rodan to missing components,

capital – centred theoretical constructs, aid and technology – centered formulations,
stage theory, institutional focus, and dualistic explanations, (particulars – emphasis on
Nurkse, Myrdal, Rostow and Hirschman).

Unit.2.
Structuralist approaches and dependency theory (Frank)Recent theoretical advances
(Hettne, Buchanan, Olson)
Unit.3.

Changing perceptions of the State’s role impact of the crisis in the command economics
and the altered international order on the State’s role.

Unit.4.

Emergence of the New Political Economy. Stress on smaller

governments and the drive towards privatization.

Suggested Reading:
B. Hettne : Development Theory and the Third Worlds.
G. Myrdal : Asian Drama
D.W. Goulet : The Cruel Choice
D. Colman and F.M. Nixson : Economic Change in the Less Development Countries
C. Colclough and J. Monor (eds) : States or Markets
Jean Jacques Salomon and Others (eds) : The uncertain guest
M.P. Todaro : Economic Development in the Third World
2.2 Decentralized Governance and Development Administration: (With Special
Reference to India)

Unit.1.

The Concepts on Nation, State, Constitution, Government and Democracy. The rule of
State and Democracy in Development.

Unit.2.
The nature of the Indian Political System:
a) Basic features of the Indian Constitution with special reference to the
Parliamentary Democracy and the Federal System.
b) Preservations or Protective Discrimination for Weaker Sections.
c) The Nature of Government in India.

Unit.3.

The nature of the ruling ideologies, elites and political parties in India. The issue of
politician – Bureaucrat underworld nexus.

Unit.4.

Development Administration: Origin, nature scope, attacks and defense and Evolving
nature of the process and discipline of development administration.

Unit.5.

Bureaucracy and Development Administration: The issue of their compatibility –

The nature and structure of Indian Bureaucracy – Bureaucratic Response to
Development in India – Bureaucratic Problems in Development Administration.
a) The Generalist Vs Specialist
b) Committed Bureaucracy
c) Citizen – Administration Relationship and
d) Corruption in Development.
 Unit.6.
Decentralizations and Developed Administration:
a) The meaning nature and importance of Decentralization in, Developed
Administration;
b) The nature of Urban Government and Panchayati Raj in India their role and
Relevance in Development.

Books for Study:

a. C.J. Friedrich : The Constitutional Government and Democracy

b. M.V. Pylee India’s Constitution
c. M. Umapathy : Development Administration Today
d. C.R. Bhambri : Public Administration in India
e. Hansan and Donglas : Indian Democracy
f. Atul Kohli : India’s Democracy
2.3 Research Methods in Development Studies

Unit.1.

Research – Its aims and objectives, nature of scientific knowledge characteristics of

scientific method, development research elements of research design – selection of
problem, unit selection for analysis. Variables, their choices and relationship
formulation of hypothesis.

Unit.2.

Types of research design, explanatory studies, descriptive studies, diagnostic studies

and experimental studies sampling – Meaning and significance, Type : SRS, stratified,
systematic, cluster, purposive and quota sampling.

Unit.3.

Tools of data collection – Main tools of data collection, primary data, questionnaire,
schedules interviews, observations, secondary data sources, strengths and weakness of
tools for different situation, selection of tools in relation of research objectives.

Unit.4.

Analysis of data and their presentation – Meaning of data analysis, elementary analysis
ofdata,scrutiny,classification,coding,tabulation and presentation of data writing a
Research Report Scientific writing style, drafting, use of language, preface and
acknowledgements, table of contents, list of illustration, text chapterisation headings
and sub -headings, quotation, footnotes, pagination, appendix, bibliography.

Suggested Reading:
Goods W.T. and Mati P.R. – Methods in Social Research, McGraw Hill, London, 1952.

Jahoda M. Maron D. and Stuart W.C. – Research Methods in Social Relations, Dryden,
New York, 1954.

Young P.V. and Schmid Cr. – Scientific Social Surveys and Research, Prentice Hall,
New Delhi, 1977.

Misra R.P. Research Methodology – A Hand Book, Concept Publishers, New Delhi,
1989.

Gopal M.H. – Research Reporting in Social Sciences, Karnataka University, Dharwar,

1965.

Berry, R. – How to Write a Reseach Paper – Pegamen, London.

Gopal, M.H. Research Reporting in Social Sciences, Karnataka Unversity, 1965.

 2.4 Information Technology and Development

Unit.1.
In the years ahead, today’s students of Development Studies will inherit the freedom
and responsibilities and realize the potential for use or abuse of the information society
that we are in. An important educational goal is to make sure that students are
computer literate so that they can participate in such a society and help shape its
policies in human ways.

Unit.2.
To be computer literate, students must know what computers are, what they can and
cannot do, how they are put to work in a way that can affect society. An appreciation
and understanding of the working of the computers and their applications in different
settings would help Development students in formulating development policies. Thus
the objectives of the course are to understand the impact of I.T. on development and
society to know what computers are to know what computer does to know how they are
put to work.

Unit.3
I.T. and Development the social impact of I.T. evolution of information society the
nexus between I.T. and Development. The potential for I.T. in India. The need for
national Information Technology Strategy. Towards a workable strategy. – Computer
concepts, components and system computer system organization, the central processor
– Arithmetic – Logic unit, primary storage concepts, input/output devices, storage
devices. – Computer Classifications Analog, Digital, and Hybrid computers, types of
computers – Micro, Mini, Mainframe and super computers. Computer systems today
advances, intelligence, generations of computers.

Unit.4.
Storage devices primary storage and secondary storage, magnetic tapes, magnetic
Disks, CD-ROM’s, DVDs, Magnetic Optical Disks Multi Media Technology.
Input/output devices VDTs, Mouse, Light pen, OCR, MICR, and Barcode Readers
printers, Spreadsheets. SPSS, MS Office etc.

Unit.5.
NET works and Networking Data Communication Network – NICNET and its role in
programmes. INTERNET and INTERNETS evolution, role and impact of Information
Super Highway on development. The internet, Revolution, Identifying Web sites and
Web resources. INTERNETS and their structure and functions. Their impact on
resource sharing.

Suggested Reading Books:

Donald Sanders : Computer Concepts and Applications, New York, MC Graw Hill,
1992.
Donald Sanders : Computers in Business, New York, Mc Graw Hill, 1991.
Gore Stubbe – Computer and Information Systems, New York, Mc-Graw Hill, 1989.
 Syllabus For one Year M A in Development Studies Course
First Semester

1.1 Human Development

Unit 1
The progress to human development as the core concern human capital
and human development analysis of HDL and its bias, a critique.

Unit 2.
Sustainable human development. Population dynamics – basic concepts in
demography – Malthus and his relevance. Optimum population theory, and
population transition theory; components of population change – fertility, morality and
migration , population analysis, population structure, population development India’s
population policy.

Unit 3
Education – literary and differential rates across regions and groups-
education, and human resources – a profile of education policy options.

Unit 4
Health - importance of sanitation, potable drinking water and their Contribution to the
health status of the population – India’s record in Providing health care the ecology of
poverty and disease.

Unit 5
Nutrition: effective demand for food persistent chronic hunger and
malnutrition – poverty and food self-sufficiency.

Reference Books:
M.P. Todaro – Economic Development in the Third World, 1993.
UNDP – Human Development Reports.
Gerald M. Meir – Leading issues in Economic Development.
Asha Bhendi and Tara Kunikar – Principles of population studies.
Myrdal, Ganner – Asian Drama; An inquiry into the Poverty of Nations, 1968, vol. III,
Streeten, Paul – Development perspectives, (1981).
Harbinson, Fredrick: Human Resource as wealth of Nations.
Jean Draze: The Political Economy of Hunger.
 1.2 Development Initiative – Policy, Plans and Projects

Unit.1
State initiatives for development – relationship between policy and planning.

Unit.2.
Basic issues in planning – aspirations, goals and targets importance
of the political context – multi – level planning and co-ordination.

Unit.3.
Principal decisions in Planning – setting priorities, resource mobilization, savings
and capital formation, role of external assistance.

Unit.4.
Planning models and their utility – analytical and simulation models – uses of
capital – out put ratios and accounting prices. Harrod –Domar and Mahalanobies
models. Plans, Programmes and projects, Can a shelf of projects replace a Plan.

Unit.5.
Divergence between private and social; costs and benefits, Allocative problems due
to defective telescopic faculty External efforts and their characteristics –
internalizing Externalities – implications of the legal frame work.

Unit. 6.
Formulating and evaluating projects – principal methods – world bank,
UNIQ, Consumer surplus and Little – Mirrless.

Suggested Readings
K.B. Griffin and T.L.E. nos – Planning Development
J. Tinbergen – Development Planning
W. Arthur Lewis – Development Planning
W. Arthur Lewis – Principles of Economics Planning
G. Sirin – The Visible Hand
E.J. Mishan – Cost Benefit Analysis
F.M.D. Little and J.A. Mirrian – Project Planning and Appraisal in Developing
Countries
Das Gupta and Pearce – Cost Benefit Analysis
J. Price Bittinger – Economic analysis of Agricultural Projects
 1.3 Civil Society and Development

Unit-1.

Origin and Evaluation of NGOs and Voluntary Actions, Voluntary

Actions in the Western Society.

Unit-2.

NGOs as a Universal Third force Globalization process and Ideology New

Multilateralism.

UInit-3.

Need of a code of ethics for NGOs.

Unit-4.

Voluntary action in India, history of Voluntaraism, the role of Voluntary Organization in

India’s Development Processes.

Unit-5.

The World Bank, other International Agenises and the NGO’s.

Unit-6.

NGO’s and paradigm shifts-their implication on Education, Women Empowerment, Health,

Disaster management, Girl Child and Weaker Section.

Books Reference:

1. Mukerjee - A Study of Voluntary Organization in Rural Development.

2. Narayan . E A - Voluntary Organization in Rural Development.
3. Pandy Shashi Rajan – Community Action for Social Justice: Grass roots
Organizations in India.
4. R. Soory Moorthy- NGOs in India A Cross Sectional Study.
5. Hall Antony- Community Participation and Rural Development, Social Development
and State.
1.4 (a) Planning and Programming Techniques:
Unit.1
Spatial data analysis and its relevance in development planning, Maps as tools of
spatial data analysis – interpretations of maps and basic cartographic techniques.
Unit. 2.
Spatial measurement of location and dispersions.Point distribution analysis – clustering
and dispersion nearestneighborhood analysis – line distribution analysis – road network
analysis and spatial integration measurement – accessibility index, detour index, etc.
Unit.3.
Measurement of discrete aerial distribution choropleth-map analysis construction and
analysis of spatial lorener curves – sampling for area measurements; index of
compactness. Linear programming –applications in development planning, limitations,
uses, graphic solutions in LP.
Unit.4.
Elements of game theory, two person zero sum game – maximum minimum strategies,
saddle point, dominance rule, limitations of game theory. Introduction to input output
tables, meaning and use, limitations of Input output tables, and construction of simple
input output tables.
Unit.5.
Simulation techniques – process of simulation, application of simulation in
development planning models in simulation. Monte-carlo simulation Techniques and
probabilistic numerical approximation.
Unit.6.
Introduction to factor analysis, concepts in FA uses and limitation of factor anlaysis in
development planning PERT/CPM technique, rules of the network construction and
determination of earliest and latest time-slack time analysis uses in development
planning.

Suggested Reading

Hammand (Robert) and McCullagh (Patrick) – Quatitative Techniques in Geography.

Woodcock (RG) and Bailey (MT) : Quantitative Geography.
Hagget (Peter) and Cherley (Rechard) – Net work analysis in Geography.
Theelstpme – Analysis of Geographical data.
Vohra ND – Quantitative techniques in management.
Misra R.P. Fundamentals of Cartography.

1.5 Development Issues in India

Unit.1. Analysis of India’s economic performance through national income
accounts since independence – changing sectoral shares and their
implications – economic growth, employment and equity review of
poverty studies in India.

Unit.2. A brief review of India’s planning history - declining importance of

planning and the adoption of SAP – its economic and political
compulsions. Indian agriculture – review of performance – the transition
from a community – centered to a technocratic approach impact of SAP
and the new patent regime on agriculture – export promotion and food
security.

Unit.3. Industrial development in India – Mahalambis model and its contribution –

comparision with the wage-goods model-small scale industries and their
importance in employment generation. Entry of foreign capital and
impact on domestic industry – the demand for a level playing field Power;
endemic shortages and the reasons – analysis of shortage visa viz
opening up the sector to foreign capital and environmental opposition.

Unit.4. Inflation, money supply and deficits and critique. Tax policy in India –
the parallel economy and the Laffer curve. Deficit reduction and
implications for the weaker sections, State efforts to protect the weaker
sections – subsidies, reservations and their record.

Unit.5. India’s debt-internal and external Monetary policy – money, supply and
inflation, rate, and its regulatory record. Unemployment and efforts to
generate employment review of programmes. Informal sector its
growth and importance. The emerging international trade scenario in
India.

Suggested Reading:
Rudder Datt and Sundharam : Indian Economy.
Amartya Ben and Jena Draze : India-economic and Social Opportunity.
Chakravarty : Development Planning – The Indian Experience.
Deepak Nayyar (ed) – Industrial Growth and Space Stagnation.
Krishnaswamy (ed) – Growth and Income Distribution.
M.L. Dentwale (ed) – India’s Agricultural Development since Independence.
 1.6 Gender and Development
Unit.1.Gender – the concept, the difference between sex and gender, key
concepts in gender studies, gender equality, gender justice, gender bias, gender roles,
gender relations, gender blindness, gender division and labour, gender perspective.

Unit.2. The construction of gender in major social institutions: family, religion,

economy, education, politics and media development – The concept, major theoretical
formulations, changing concept of development, the shift from the growth model to the
social justice model.

Unit.3. The gender dimension in development thought, the absence of gender

perspective in development, a critique of existing theories with special reference to the
third world. Emergence of gender concerns in development – Review of some
theoretical approaches : women in Development (WID), Women and Development
(WAD) and Gender and Development (GAD). A review of development efforts in
India : 1947 to 1975 (Since Independence upto the International women’s year and
after) Women and work: The definitions of women’s work, gender biases the case of
census definitions, and distinctions drawn between women’s work ‘within’ and
‘outside’ the home, the representation of women in the organised and unorganized
sectors of economic technology and women’s work, faminization of poverty,
globalisation and its impact on opportunities for women’s economic participation.

Unit.4. Obstacles to women’s development in India – Gender discrimination in

allocation of familial resources (food, education, health, care, employment) violence
against women (female foetcide and infanticide, marriages related atrocities,
harassment at work place). Case studies of programmes of women’s and child
development, COI and GOK, Central and State Social Welfare Boards, IRDP and some
of the UN agencies may be chosen for evaluation.

Suggested Readings:
Ester Boserup : Women’s Role in Economic Development.
Sardamoni K. (Ed) : Women, Work and Society.
Neera Desai and M. Krishnaraj : Women and Society in India.
Leelamma Devasia : Women in India and quality, social justice and development.
Maitreyi Krishnaraj : Women and Development – The Indian Experience.
Chatana Kalbagh (Ed) : Women and Development.
Alwa Myrdal and Viola Klein : Women’s Two Roles – Home and the Family.
Chandrashekar Raj Kumari (Ed) : Women’s Resources and National Development – a
perspective.
 II SEMESTER

2.1 Emerging Issues in Development

Unit.1. The International order and its impact on development: Historical review
– review from the GATT TO WTO; TRIMS, TRIPS and their implications.

Unit.2 International capital movements and financial flows exchange rates and;
transmission of crises a across national frontiers – convertibility,
ratification.

Unit.3. The introduction of non-trade barriers through human rights etc.

Unit.4. Export promotion and the likely impact on developing economies,

International debt and India’s response to globalization.

Suggested Readings:
R.K. Sinha (Ed) : Economic Crisis Management and Challenges.
Vinod Vyaslulu : Economic Crisis : Challenge and Response.
C.T. Kurien : Economic Reforms and the People.
Robert H. Bates (Ed) : Towards a Political Economy of Development : A Rational
Choice Perspective.
C. Rangarajan : Commodity Conflict.
T.N. Srinivasa Brehman (Ed) : Handbook of Development Economics.
BJORN Hettne : Development Theory in the Three Worlds.
 2.2 Sustainable Development and Environmental Planning

Unit.1. Significant changes in development dialogue in recent times. Emergence of

alternative development paradigms: sustainable development, environmental
movement, eco-feminism, accent on the human impact of development processes,
public awareness and the

Unit.2. Critique of scientific hegemony – role of NGOs and the anti-mega scale
phenomenon.

Unit.3. Concern with the common heritage of human kind is a common concern
possible in an unequal world.

Unit.4. International aid-conditionalities – changing perceptions of donor interventions.

Unit.5. Values in development – Gandhian thought as an anchor – the commodity and

moral domains – ethical impertatives and the environmental movement.

Suggested Reading:
J. Jacques Salomon etial (eds) : The Uncertain Quest.
J.C. Kumarappa : Economy of permanence.
C. Alvarex : Homo Parber : Technology and Culture in India, China and the West.
S. Goonafibake : The Aborted Discovery.
J.R. Engal and J.G. Ingal (eds) : Ethics of Environment and Development. Vandana
Shiva: Staying alive women, Ecology and Development.
D.M. Meadows at al: The limits to Growth.
W. Backerman : In defence of economic growth.
Robert H. Bates (ed): Towards a Political Economy of Development : A rational Choice
Perspective.
 2.3 Social security and Development

Unit 1 Introduction to Social security, theories, concept and approaches.

Unit 2 Understanding the Social security , safety and social assistance.

Unit 3 Social Security programmes – Destitute Widow pension, Old age pension ,assistance
to Physically Challenged and National Family assistance programme.

Unit4 Social security and social justice , social welfare in india.

Unit 5 Social Security in Less Developed countries ( South Asian countries) Pakistan ,
Srilanka, Bangladesh, and Nepal.

Unit 6 globalisation , Liberalisation , privatisation and Human Welfare in India.

Suggested Readings

1 Social Security ,Welfare and Polity- M.M.Sakhdher and Sharada Jain.

2 Social Security for the Elderly- S Irudaya Rajan (ed)
3 Encyclopaedia of Social Welfare and Administration- Ravindra Prasad Singh.
4Social Security for the old - A.B.Bose
5Old Age Care and Welfare Administration- Pratap Joshi
Electives

2.4 Rural Transformation and Development

Unit.1. Characteristics of the rural economy: agriculture and rural development;
contribution of agriculture to GNP; its role as a source of savings and as a market for
urban manufacturing goods;

Unit.2. Rural non-agricultural activity. Its role in employment provision; its potential in
absorbing surplus agricultural labour, the agrarian structure – how it affects agricultural
development;

Unit.3. Nexus between the institutional and technological approaches to agricultural

development; the mode of production and its contemporary relevance. Urban Bias and
its validity.

Unit.4. International terms of trade and the issue of remunerative prices; role of the
farmers’ movements in India.

Unit.5. Food security, hunger and famines – repercussions of agricultural export

promotion. Asset creation and employment generation programmes, rural credit.
Common pool, common property resources and privatization of public resources.

Suggested Reading:
M.L. Bantwala (ed) : India’s agricultural development since independence.
Utsa, Patnaik : Peasant class differentiation in India.
R. Thamarajakshi : Intersectoral terms of trade in India.
C.H. Hanumantha Rao : Technological change and the distribution of gains in Indian
agriculture.
G.S. Bhalla & others: Liberalization and Indian agriculture.
Pranab Bardhan: Political Liberalalization and Indian agriculture.
Amarty Sen: Poverty and Famines.
A.R. Desai (Ed): Rural Sociology in India.
V.M. Dandekar and W. Rath : Poverty in India.
2.4(a) Issues in Urban Development
Unit.1.Urban, Urganization – Establishing relationship between economic
development, and urbanization – emerging urbanization pattern in India,

Unit.2. Migration and urban growth, rural urban dichotomy, economic

dimensions of urban informal sector and planning for urban informal
sector, emerging urban problems in India like urban slums, shelter.

Unit.3. Urban poverty and urban services, squatters settlement and

urbanization policy, 74th constitution amendment act 1992 – provisions
functional changes and issues arising out of these acts.

Unit.4. Management of Urban Services, water supply – sewage garbage and

energy – privatization of these services, role of NGOs and voluntary
agencies.

Suggested Reading:
Diplab Dasgupta – Urbanization and migration.
Govt. of India – Urban statistics, Town and country planning, New Delhi.
VLS Prakasa Rao – Urbanisation in India, Concept Publications, New Delhi, 1993.
K.V. Sundaram – Urban and Regional Planning in India, 1981.
Harvey D – Social Justice and the city, Basil Blackwell London, 1989.
A.K. jain – Indian megacity and economic reforms – Management of Public Company,
New Delhi, 1996.
Ashish Bose: Urbanisation in India – Concept Publishers, 1971.
Govt. of India – 73rd and 74th Constitution Amendment Act 1992.
I Mohan: Environment and Urban Development – Anmol Publishers, New Delhi, 1997.
Vibhoot: Shukla – Urbanisation and Economy Growth – Dhari sons New Delhi, 1997.
Partha Das Gupta and Kari Goran Mater. The Environment and emerging development
issues.
Intiaz Alvi. The informal sector in Urban Economy, Oxford University Press, 1977.
Ghanshyam Shah – Public Health and Urban Development.
Veronique Dupont – Decentralized Indusrialization and urban dynamics.
Jain N.S. and Mahavir (ed – Urban Development Planning strategies and technique –
vol. I and II SPA New Delhi, 1985.
Raj Kapila and Uma Kapila – Economic development in India, Behari sons New Delhi,
1997.
Uma Kapila – Indian Economy since independence – 1947-97, Behri Sons, New Delh,
1997.
2.4 Synchronized Development
Conventional approaches to development planning the absence of spatial planning.
Introduction to synchronization – temporal synchronization, spatial synchronization
Indian five year plans – absence of element of space. Sectoral plans, and their
synchronization. Types of planning deductive, indicative, normative, imparative,
utopian, short and long term, project planning, integrated planning, systems planning.
Concept of regions and synchronized development – Types of regions, resource region,
metropolitan regions, economic region, river valley regions, administration regions,
regional delineation techniques. Boundary Girdle method, transitional zone technique,
Ridge line technique, principal component techniques, composite index technique.

Planning regions of India – Earlier attempts, attempts by TCPO.

Macro, meso and micro regions, basic postulates and characteristics.

Spatial synchronization for primary, secondary and tertiary activity synchronization of

urban activities synchronization of urban activities with region economy.

Theories of spatial organization – urban spalce burgess.

Homer Hoyt, Harris, regional space Van Thunen, Alfred Weber.

Hierarchy of settlements – Zipfs Rank size rule, Misra’s growth foci concept, linkages
and development and settlements Rural urban continous and synchronization of
development formulation and implementation of synchronized development plans.

Suggested Reading:

Misra R.P. Prakasa Rao VLS and Sundaram K.V. Regional Development Planning in
India, Concept Publishers, New Delhi, 1978.

Friedmann J. Alonso W. Regional Development Planning – A reader MIT Press, 1964.

Mahajan D.P. Economic Planning and Regional Development, India, FSS Publishers,
New Delhi, 1982.

02Misra R.P. District Planning – A Hand Book, Concept Publishing House, New Delhi,
1990.

Rees P.H. and Wilson A.G. Spatial Population Analysis, Esward Arnold, London, 1977.

Sinha, R.K. Planning in India : A Critique, South Asian Publishers, New Delhi, 1987.
Hanson A.H. The Process of Planning – A Study of India’s Five Year Plans – 1950-64,
Oxford University Press, London, 1966.

Rao, VKRV, Mazumdar H.K. and Amal Roy – Planning for Change, Vikas Publishing
House, New Delhi, 1975.