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Continuous Time Fourier Transform

The document discusses the continuous time Fourier transform (CTFT). In 3 sentences: The CTFT derives from the continuous time Fourier series expansion (CT-FSE) by treating aperiodic signals as having an infinite period. For a signal to have a CTFT, it must be absolutely integrable or square integrable over its domain. Examples show that the CTFT of periodic signals results in impulse trains at harmonic frequencies, and that increasing the width of a rectangular pulse decreases the width of its sinc Fourier transform.

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Onur Can Ervakit
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52 views7 pages

Continuous Time Fourier Transform

The document discusses the continuous time Fourier transform (CTFT). In 3 sentences: The CTFT derives from the continuous time Fourier series expansion (CT-FSE) by treating aperiodic signals as having an infinite period. For a signal to have a CTFT, it must be absolutely integrable or square integrable over its domain. Examples show that the CTFT of periodic signals results in impulse trains at harmonic frequencies, and that increasing the width of a rectangular pulse decreases the width of its sinc Fourier transform.

Uploaded by

Onur Can Ervakit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Continuous Time Fourier Transform

These slides are prepared by modification, editing and expansion of various online
educational resources. They are designed and arranged to fit to EE curriculum at Bogazici
University.

Disclaimer:
The slides have not gone through a peer-review process, hence, if you have questions or see an error, contact the
course instructor.

Burak Acar / vavlab.boun.edu.tr


Deriving CTFT from CT-FSE
The trick is to see the
aperiodic signal as one
period of a periodic signal
with infinite period !

1
𝑎! = 𝑋 𝑗𝑘𝑤"
𝑇"
CTFSE of 𝑥! 𝑡 CTFT of 𝑥(𝑡)
Burak Acar / vavlab.boun.edu.tr
Convergence of CTFT
In parallel to the convergence criteria of CT-FSE,

OR

Burak Acar / vavlab.boun.edu.tr


Example: Rect – Sinc Pair
2T

1 rectT(t) 𝜋 3𝜋
𝑇 𝑇

-T +T
0
2𝜋
𝑇
0

𝐵
𝜋

𝜋 3𝜋
𝐵 𝐵
1 rectB(w)

0
2𝜋 -B +B
𝐵
0

Q: See the effect of increase/decrease in rect’s width, on the other domain ?


Burak Acar / vavlab.boun.edu.tr
CTFT of Periodic Signals
We know from CT-FSE that periodic signals can be decomposed into harmonics of their
fundamental frequency.
So, we expect to get an impulse train, where each impulse corresponds to a harmonic.

Note that,

2𝜋𝑎%" 2𝜋𝑎! 2𝜋𝑎" 2𝜋𝑎# 2𝜋𝑎$


Then, for a periodic signal 𝑥! 𝑡
w
−𝑤! 0 𝑤! 2𝑤! 3𝑤!

𝑎%" 𝑎! 𝑎" 𝑎# 𝑎$

k
−1 0 1 2 3

Q: See the difference between this


expression and 1
𝑎! = 𝑋 𝑗𝑘𝑤"
𝑇"

Burak Acar / vavlab.boun.edu.tr


Example: CTFT of Rect Train
g(t)

-T T
0 T0 2T0

For, 𝑇" = 4𝑇
2𝑤! 𝑇
2𝜋 4𝜋 𝜋
G(jw) 2𝑤! = 2 = =
𝑇! 4𝑇 𝑇

3𝜋
𝑇
0
2𝜋
𝑇
0
Q:
See that the sinc envelope is the CTFT of rectT(t). Do
you have an explanation for that? Hint – Consider how
you can generate g(t) from rectT(t) and an impulse
train!
Q:
What is the CTFT of an impulse train?
Burak Acar / vavlab.boun.edu.tr
Properties of CTFT
✓
✓
✓

✓
✓

✓: Trivial. See CT-FSE properties and/or CTFT definition


Burak Acar / vavlab.boun.edu.tr

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