4.2.

2016
Nect Module (1) Drental Eqns.
cher's
ign
marks
am
qn. imulving dihercntial coelkjccente
dthenentint agn, d
shich m A a 7 mpendhrt a l e
e dile0ontial egn A t it are aled endmay
46e dforentäl
nk
downtial egn.
r he
he onder h e
,
he rder adfmential egn m Ke dfherental egn
deountre mg
kigharb ondesel
e degrte he
a dterental en, m
he degree Cus At, proMded
dtrivanie hich
hghert ondered ke Aadizat yni and
ree v
the agn. has ben Made as he deswahes ne n ærned,
as es
ne atainal rowern

a dheuntal egn. dr a
6hutan ormtegral VAnabes Whrch
deir atres, Aeboeen the
uelatam, ee from
tie Gwon
S tfes "
onder amd1*legree
Soluton d lfeental egn h e
Vandables enaeble horm
egn a the ( oncer and dgree
a dderentil da amd al lermaL
form NNee
cam beut n Hhe -also, tems
all 4Oma
and al
ake tone lace ay
intanmig r
e a t e s m e plaa,
Contrenung
t 48)dy -o
i cdr
d=0, wtech
Aotsgainge pt, J{o dkt
he aegd qanenal Khuton
 Cl-y)-y degee Cpowerg hyhest orday
Order (no. htmes con b AKeAt edel)
d odev, 2 degree

d
++t 7

A1) 'd >dy 2 e d

e
3
ed
e y 2e dr On eedzbig

yed
3
+C Jan
-2

3e -2 =C

AM) _ +ay
+ (+*
(+) (1y
dy

+9
-
N

T
TD
 omagenoonsDerenthal n

he
A dilpsental eon.o

is Caleda
Komogereoue dihacnbal
eg nd a
ne Honogeneous ncfaos
m andy
-Ae same dgree
v
ubsktute y* m he girn en.
hen

n ecome
e
V + 7dr
)> d eprade,
vaniable
NDW E korm
ie )V x_d

ov
C)-v V
mteims
Antegrabn8 eget
the
*e
utaon

g e t the raed
egd.
v
8,
amdplahg
H
Genoral 6hutton.
ndyy Jzy dn
Jay) d
a dy 4t
homegeneaus
KOmS*NcUS
alove. egn
NoW e hane to dock

ttJtt
f ex, ty t

ato
Put V

= VtV\+y
V a dya y t +xiy

nAtnamgs

tv2

sR log z4C

Srge
C+1)-yj 3wospur
npT NaMAN 7
+ A+1
p P T a n o d
A T P
A- 1+) (n-1)A A 2
A
p
A + z np +A.
Q hp (- *p (h+)
Son
Sowe Vanade SCpeable
2) lanogenears.

Mene vandade pomble it Met ayoicable.

ydn
mgoneo ng t e z t qplabe.

t2

s0 Memogenecud.
V

- x dy t V
a

adv +v =
a,V

v
aV

dv -y-v
V
-v-2 1-3
a dv- de
- 3r
Mmmesaor u denvshie denonmatA I-3v
Check k
_dv- d z 6v
-31-3)

6
-3v
dv -
JogU-3v) =loga+kgc
-3 log C
RogC(-3v)
log3v ogex) -v* Co3
1-3 ( = (c2
 horahig
de
&. dy yd= Ja*+y*
ndy a*+qtdn +yche
ndu *+44) dr
2 done revbis.

+ e " )dn + etC-dy-o

Unmely

- +
= (t e9)dau
e1 (l-) dy

nuthngt wm 8 e
Momogneons

V
+ea)

dn
eYV(-
- e
nay+VV

v
-1+ e K)v
d e (y-
- vle (V-D]
- ev
ew (v-)
- V - ve -Ve + yé
eW (v)
nd -l-ve
e )
.

N
)
N

TT
852inear Dikerental kquatton
8 5 . 2 1 6 -

sparate

Pwe =l

he gtomdare om d a bmear dillBental eqn d he orole

shere P amd Q re n cbavvu d dnl.
d
hen tKe söhutrtn
e P d
Q. p d
+
Jedx
Tntegrntmg actor ( TE9

.TF &IF. dx +C

)8cwe anable X

-3
Jreat dy

d +Py
&-3-3

a-3) xd +C

-3a) d +C

3 +/

:
 os
tfiroughont by
hn)diwtde
Cer
n
Cos Secr tm a

P S e c n , s e c t m

tnc
Ssc d e
eP
erd +c
2outai : e
tem=
yet
tm

e sec tm a d +C
saez du
elle "du +C ROrd

ue-1.edu +C fLAE uko

ue e C
u - ) e " +C
tam +C
e
ton t m-1) e

P
(-

2
e
S- d dnda = dt, nd-d

e
ogt-
2.nd
og - x )
--2t-)

(1-n)

Wogt
g6utton yerd* =
. ed

(1-7) a.1-x*) dr +c

2 d +C
-2
)
-t t +C
-V + - t +C

+
- -*) * +C

J- - +C

1-) + CJt- S

-+ cJ-

Ve ve m
Tndlli'sauction

d+y P@
Dmdmg timriot by
9 deniatre
n

Sulstitode
d
C- d-da
"dy
d d z
n d

neas oheonal eam m

d3+ (-n) Pz ((-nQ
eudtusn TF TF +C
FeJPda

Dwdo tmnghnt y
6

dioonah

Mukroby nagliont by-s

2 .-521

-Sn22

P 2 , 0 -Sa
 S-S dn -5 kog
oga s

IF 2 e Jpdx

Outron
3TF aTF dx +C
3a -6x d +C

+C
-5

3 -C

-S a S tC
+c

dr
ide tghionk b

2 .

dydz
dn dr
2
+

Dvide Bmghont b2 da*

 dr
Spd -*
=e 2u
-Rx dr - d a
egu
e lega% n dz= du
2

(l-)

tc
TF TF d

1 du +C
2

udu +C

3/4 C
3C-)"= C
Conbont)
 Dalerenturksn Antegratn
Ja3
3+1
3d 34+1

4.toma=y sec
d
DNidetirigunk byy
SeC
tan a =

-a d
tOm ecn
+

ultty oyghunut y-2

- an om 93 Sec
d
-tam
-2tann du - 2emnada -2os sec
Ipd 2
2
e logac) = OC

QTF dh +C
E dx +C
2Secx) 2SeeaSCa)2
+C
-2(oec) da +C -2 d a
Cr

- Cos sdn f C - Sm a +C

Sim ztC
ysec

-sh
t C)y2
Cos
 dunear Doorentad
tlaanolitkaontoa aquatun d
gom My) d f Bernoullh mp
NGpdy0 Enack e e n t a l n

gad to he

EXACT
chucl VSdkesepeosa
OM N hovc dy
hon addkorentrotros
CC un onlyg meamhmagoS
kaPatial diorontiaton bemalli

hen the ouutn r

Mda Ndy C

Constant
Those ms uuick
Te ndanendent

ay +y

. pbuve: )yed +aey)dy =o

C+e)dn +(l-z)e"dyao.
ne rev wsmg ntagrokg

2 2e
1)yed +(re+ay dy
o

M y e , N ze Aentbrbms,
ae x
P olorentak ba) alo
tes-canmbar
Aereso
x

2ye ( )
+
e () e x ax 1
e e
 N e y)+
+e)+O

e**
y e So p a r t a l .
N
at
Seuton s M d + N d y = C

Ehore termu inlenendent

Coniant

ar
a
ueye"dx y dy e
C
t 2dy
ed
y

e *=C

(2)
es dy -O
d
alte
+ e , N-(1-2)
e
e
M
e s
dy
?)
Achnely
6)
e

N
fe
- e

e
Ze
 N o d u

dR
- X

Eauatred eract

S6uan is Mdn +
JNdy.=C
hdependenbd
the ferm

+ e d a + soolu = C ntegntmig
y
e O =C
y

-uzy-2y) d +Cy-4y-2)d -O

Nzquxy-ax
M- - dY

-u-4y.ON -y4

N
Sluhe m.da+ Ndy C
termo dapRndent-

2d+
a-ng-
2 Jy

3
2 c
4.y Gor t | )J Sm dy 0

os n +, N Sri
N os 7

Eauahi eack.

utain Md f Ndu C
e tenmo hodarondenk e

cos COS ) dx Ody -c

as+ud+m secyCorJ)|dy =
S.cosntm y-
+ COs a +4)
M cos tmy
O+) rddenenbecbe So
cy Sim + )x
Ccos
Ces(y)D
ces P) DA|+0)
- sm y).
han dien ( a y)
secy 1)
henohigery.
COS

bruatren G t .

Kutrn m.da + dyC O

+ LEa dy
E s teny da
t
cosa+uJd
gm 64y) C

an 21 2 2
tomy 0s dx + Jos ar) d x 2

tomudm sm +uJ
 t(9m*nt Jdy =FO
cos x -xyf )d

-o
8. SmMOsy+ dr orsny + my-dy

) +codx+4 lag- 2rn)dy=o

S Mok

h Constemb
oneasDrental auatns.
Gceliarnts.
Uear dahaertal eqn aia ditonontal eqn
m uhach he dendent vamadle amd i deuwotire o c
cry Ge [ olree a r e n mulaleèd kgetier,

Imea d con mh
Corot on Coe{hicehls h he form)

a d y + a, dL +az
n-2

:R
dn
d x n - G t . .

.On
hoe re Comstonrt

RA unchona on
RCay=0 hen ho avove aqn teema
Aomagneous ean dgt em
epheoent

Set
qun, O Secomes

(didungy 4 )
gR-
 sAue Tllany n
omd e aetheienb gy
=
0
in
equak
Replau D m

m+4, m f an 0
comylimentau kunction.
he kales to Rime he
(Imeax dGn)
umogentus euaton
he sbuctnn the
mplemendanyunctan (e
a
known
out he ao hÁe
thdnmg onl he
Gh. obemned
m3, mn
Ahk be m M
tet th
ases 3 caslb
There eal
dhstnct.
are
-

soES
me
omplemortany
imchn
hen he Mn
C Cn

ane- epot mn aree

kel, kt2 u
me
m2m2

hin G * C2a't.fCL
)"k
C +
mkt2 mn
+Cn e

C 2

iB , 3, m n are cbtb.
kot
e"n
det Xt ig, + is, ms, m6, mne nbts

e C or Bx +2 mf*t e

Mn
+Cee"S C

he compler uco ane nesoted

Ke i ) ,(* t ), ms,me, mn

e
C+ ) cosxtC3 +Cy ) 3mr
Ms .
mn
+
Cne

. we he Alowmg :
d-3 d

+6 +x =O

-Ty -6
-40 44D)y -o
5 d 413 d 36 Fo
 3 d -ty-ob
)dy dx
dx
(0 3P -4y=O
huatlony eqn. . m 3m 4 =O

m-4Cm+1)= O
POStr
e
m 4, -
he
y C2 e

C, e " + C2

+x- O
) d 6h
dt
(D+ 60 + )=
m + 6mt9 =O

Arwr en_u
mt 3)=0
-3
ane m
=
-

3 A
h e 20tls
(C + Ct)e3 -3

d Telu 6=O

=0
l metRod rst
m-7M-6

. qn. loe arbekng mudiod

m 1-7-6 fO
m- *7-6=o
m a ost m -m 6

mtt9 s aactor m Om-7m- 6

ASacbor
{m - 6
=O
mt ) m - m-6)
=o
mtl) Cm-3) mf2) m 6
ne m =
-I -2, t 3 -6m 6