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    Sentence Elements

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    Sentence Elements

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    Sentence Elements

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    of 13

    Grammar for Writing

    Sentence Elements
    Sam An Teng
    August 2013
    Copyright © All rights reserved.
    What is Sentence?
    • A sentence may be composed of five different elements.
    – Subjects
    – Verbs
    – Objects
    – Complements
    – Adverbials

    • The shortest sentence consists subject and verb.


    – He smiles.
    S V
    The Subjects
    • Subject is a word or group of words which tells who/what the
    sentence is about or what/who does the action.

    • The subject could be considered as simple, compound, or


    complete subject:

    • Simple subjects
    The simple subject is the main word or words in the complete
    subject; for examples,
    – A lovely boy is playing with his mother.
    – A new generation tablet was launched yesterday.
    The Subjects
    • Compound subjects
    A compound subject contains two or more subjects that have
    the same verb; for examples,
    – A lovely boy and his mother are in the house.
    – A new generation tablet or computer was launched
    yesterday.

    • Complete subjects
    The complete subject includes all the words that tell who or
    what the sentence is about; for examples,
    – A lovely boy is playing with his mother.
    – A new generation tablet was launched yesterday.
    The Verbs
    • Verb, the second most important element in a sentence, can
    be just a single word (verb) or group of words containing main
    verb and auxiliary verbs.

    • a single verb
    – They laughed loudly.
    – We love Cambodia.

    • a main verb and auxiliary verb


    – She had finished her meal when we arrived.
    – They will be traveling at this time next year.
    The Objects
    • Object is a word or group of words which receives the action
    from the verbs; for examples,

    • There are three types of objects: direct object, indirect object,


    and object of preposition.

    • Direct objects
    The direct object receives the action from the verb; it stands
    after a transitive verb -- a verb that needs object; for
    examples,
    – A boy is playing football.
    – We planted a tree.
    The Objects
    • Indirect objects
    The indirect object tells who the direct object is for or to; it is
    used with ditransitive verbs – a verb that needs two objects –
    such as tell, buy, give, offer, sent, provide, etc.
    – My mother bought me a dictionary. ('a dictionary' is for 'me'.)
    – We sent our boss a report. ('a report' is to 'our boss'.)

    • Object of prepositions
    The object of preposition stands after a preposition such as
    at, on, in, for, etc.
    – They are good at maths.
    – I left my book on the table.
    The Complements
    • Complement is a word or group of words which completes the
    meaning of a subject or object.

    • There are two types of complements: subject complements


    and object complements.

    • Subject complements
    The subject complements complete the meaning of the
    subjects; they normally stand after linking verbs.
    – Vutha is a businessman.
    – The photograph looks nice.
    The Complements
    • Object complements
    The object complements complete the meaning of the
    objects; they normally stand after direct objects.
    – He appointed her secretary.
    – We find the food disgusting.
    The Adverbials
    • Adverbial is a word or group of words which is used as an
    adverb in a sentence.

    • The adverbial could be an adverb, adverb phrase, or


    prepositional phrase used as an adverb.

    • An adverb
    • I get up early.
    • He has gone home.
    • We will meet tomorrow.
    • He drives carefully.
    The Adverbials
    • An adverb phrase
    – They work very hard.
    – She came a bit late.
    – They lived very far.
    – He acted so carelessly.

    • A prepositional phrase used as an adverb


    – They are at a hotel.
    – I’m going to the bank.
    – He wrote with red pen.
    – We will talk after lunch time.
    Related Topics:
    • What is Subject?
    • What is Verb?
    • What is Object?
    • What is Complement?
    • What is Adverbial?

    My Blogs:
    • To read more free lessons, please click the links below:
    – http://grammarkit.blogspot.com
    – http://thewindlike.blogspot.com
    MY BOOKS ON KINDLE STORE
    Grammar & Composition:
    Parts of Speech in English

    English Grammar: The Verb Tenses

    Phrases and Clauses in English

    Short stories:
    He Deserves! Sympathy and Love

    http://grammarkit.blogspot.com/p/bookstore.html

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