CHM092 TOPIC MATTER AND STOICHIOMETRY

DRILL FOR AN A
Instructions to student – For calculation questions, please apply significant figure rule
to solve quantitatively chemistry problems.

TEST 1 (JULY 2011)

1. Write a chemical symbol for a species that has no. of protons is 47, no. of
neutrons is 62 and no. of electrons is 46. (PLEASE REFER TO PERIODIC
TABLE)

2. Write a correct name of the compound Ca(ClO3)2.

3. Calculate the moles of C3H8 that contains 9.25 x 1024 molecules of C3H8.
[Ans : 15.4 mol]

4. Calculate the percent yield of Si if 8.25 g of Si is produced from the reaction of

0.420 mol SiO2 with excess charcoal, C. [Given relative atomic mass, Ar of Si
= 28.09, O = 16.00, C = 12.01 g/mol]

SiO2 + C → Si + CO2
[Ans : 69.9%]

5. Fill all the spaces in the following table:

59
Symbol Co3+

Protons 34 76

Neutrons 46 116

Electrons 24 36

Net Charge 2+

6. Determine the number of O atoms in 4.88 x 10-3 mol Al(NO3)3. [Given

Avogadro constant is 6.022 x 1023]
[Ans : 2.64 x 1022 atoms O]

7. An unknown compound, KBrOx is analysed and found to contain 52.92% of Br.

Find the value of x, where x is an integer. [Given relative atomic mass, Ar of K
= 39.10, O = 16.00, Br = 79.90 g/mol]
[Ans : 2]

8. 20.00 cm3 H2SO4 with a concentration of 0.121 M reacted with exactly 28.30
cm3 sodium hydroxide, NaOH. Calculate the molarity of sodium hydroxide.
[Ans : 0.171 M]

COMPILED & PREPARED BY: SYED ABDUL ILLAH ALYAHYA

CHM092 TOPIC MATTER AND STOICHIOMETRY

TEST 1 (JULY 2012)

1. What are the numbers of protons (p), neutrons (n) and electrons (e) present in
the isotope 35 -
17Cl ?

2. Write a correct name of the compound Sn(SO4)2

3. In an experiment, 10.50 mL of NaOH solution from the burette was added into
a conical flask containing 25.00 mL of 0.500 M H2SO4 solution to achieve
complete neutralization. Calculate the molarity of the NaOH solution. The
equation for the reaction is

H2SO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + H2O

[Ans : 2.38 M]

4. An element Y has two isotopes, P and Q with isotopic masses of 62.93 amu
and 64.93 amu respectively. What is the relative atomic mass of Y if the %
abundance of isotope P is 69.13%
[Ans : 63.54 amu]

5. An unknown compound CHXN is analyzed and found to contain 45.16% by

mass of N. Find the value of X, where X is an integer. [Given relative atomic
mass, Ar of C = 12.01, H = 1.008, N = 14.01 g/mol]
[Ans : 5]

6. The following questions are based on the reaction below

2NH3(g) + 3CuO(s) → N2(g) + 3Cu(s) + 3H2O(g)

A sample containing 18.1 g of NH3 is reacted with 90.4 g of CuO

[Given relative atomic mass, Ar of N = 14.01, H = 1.008, O = 16.00, Cu = 63.55

g/mol and Avogadro constant is 6.022 x 1023]

a) Calculate the number of NH3 molecules in the sample given.

b) Determine the limiting reactant of this reaction.
c) Calculate the theoretical yield of N2.
d) Calculate the mass of the excess reactant remained.
e) How much of N2 is obtained if the percent yield is 68%
[Ans : a) 6.38 x 1023, c) 10.6 g, d) 14 g, e) 9.5 g]

7. Bromine consists of two isotopes, 79Br (78.92 amu) and 81Br (80.92 amu). If
the relative atomic mass of bromine is 79.90 amu, calculate the relative
abundance of each of the isotopes.
[Ans: 79Br 51% , 81Br 49%]

COMPILED & PREPARED BY: SYED ABDUL ILLAH ALYAHYA

CHM092 TOPIC MATTER AND STOICHIOMETRY

TEST 1 (JULY 2013)

1. Write a correct name of the compound P4O10

2. 50.0 mL of phosphoric acid is titrated with 25.0 mL of 0.10 M sodium

hydroxide solution. The reaction is as follows:

H3PO4(aq) + 3NaOH(aq) → Na3PO4(aq) + 3H2O(l)

Calculate the molarity of H3PO4 solution.

[Ans : 0.017M]

3. Thallium has two naturally occurring isotopes, 203Tl and 205Tl, with the
percentage abundance of 29.52% and 70.48% respectively. If the isotopic
mass of 203Tl is 202.9723 amu and that of 205Tl is 204.9744 amu, calculate the
average atomic mass of thallium.
[Ans : 204.39 amu]

4. A sample of an unknown compound was analyzed and found to contain 4.20 g

of nitrogen and 12.0 g of oxygen. [Given relative atomic mass, Ar of N = 14.01,
O = 16.00, and Avogadro constant is 6.022 x 1023]

a). What is the empirical formula of this compound?

b). If the molecular formula and the empirical formula of the compound are the
same, calculate the number of oxygen atoms in 18.0 g of the compound.
[Ans : a) N2O5, b) 5.03 x 1023]

5. In an industrial synthesis of nitrogen, 50.0 g N2O4 and 45.0 g of N2H4 are mixed
in the reaction vessel as follows

N2O4(l) + 2N2H4(l) → 3N2(g) + 4H2O(g)

The reaction produced 38.75 g of N2. Given the relative molecular mass, Mr of
N2O4 and N2H4 are 92.02 and 32.05 g/mol respectively and relative atomic
mass Ar of N is 14.01 g/mol. Determine

a) the limiting reactant.

b) the theoretical yield of nitrogen.
c) the percent yield.
[Ans : b) 45.7 g, c) 84.8%]

COMPILED & PREPARED BY: SYED ABDUL ILLAH ALYAHYA

CHM092 TOPIC MATTER AND STOICHIOMETRY

TEST 1 (JULY 2014)

1. The element indium has an atomic number of 49 and average atomic mass of
114.8 g. State the no. of protons, neutrons and electrons of an atom indium-
112.

2. Which compound is correctly named?

A. KSO3 – potassium sulfurous C. NiCrO4 – nickel(II) dichromate
B. SeBr4 – selenide tetrabromide D. N2H6 – dinitrogen hexahydride.

3. Chlorine gas reacts with sodium thiosulfate in the reaction given below

Na2S2O3(aq) + Cl2(g) + H2O(l) → NaHSO4(aq) + HCl(aq)

a) Balance the chemical equation for the above reaction

b) Calculate the volume of 0.120 M Na2S2O3 solution required to react with
0.120 mol of Cl2
c) Determine the number of ions in 0.120 M Na2S2O3 solution
[Ans : b) 250 mL, c) 5.42 x 1022 ions]

4. Consider the balanced chemical equation below

3AgNO3(aq) + FeCl3(aq) → 3AgCl(s) + Fe(NO3)3

250 mL of a solution containing 18.0 g of AgNO3 was mixed with 100 mL a

solution containing 32.4 g of FeCl3. [Given relative atomic mass, Ar of Ag =
107.9, N = 14.01, O = 16.00, Fe = 55.85, Cl = 35.45g/mol]

a) Calculate the molarity of Fe(NO3)3 produced in the mixture.

b) How many grams of the excess reactant remain after the reaction is
completed?
[Ans : a) 0.101 M, b) 26.8 g]

5. In a reaction between I2 and Cl2, a compound, IxCly is produced. If 0.678 g of

I2 is reacted completely with an excess of Cl2, 1.246 g of IxCly is produced.
The molar mass of the compound is 467.52 g/mol. Determine the empirical
formula and the molecular formula of the compound. [Given relative atomic
mass, Ar of Cl = 35.45 and I = 126.9 g/mol]

6. A solution is prepared by dissolving 32 g of CH4O in 72 g of water. The density

of the solution is 1.04 g/cm3. Calculate
[Given relative atomic mass, Ar C = 12.01, O = 16.00, H = 1.008 g/mol]

a) the mole fraction of CH4O

b) the molarity of the solution.
[Ans : a) 0.20 , b) 10 M]

COMPILED & PREPARED BY: SYED ABDUL ILLAH ALYAHYA

CHM092 TOPIC MATTER AND STOICHIOMETRY

TEST 1 (JULY 2015)

1. The compound NaH2PO4 is present in baking powders. Write a correct name

for NaH2PO4.

2. A compound with molecular formula PxOy was analysed and it contains 56.34%
of P element. [Given relative atomic mass, Ar of P = 30.97, O = 16.00g/mol]

a) Determine the empirical formula.

b) Determine the molecular formula of the compound if the molar mass of PxOy
is 219.88 g/mol.
c) If 2.14 mol of P4 reacts with 5.38 mol of O2 to produce 383 g of compound
with molecular formula PxOy. Calculate the percent yield of PxOy produced in
the above reaction.
[Ans : a) EF; P2O3, b) MF; P4O6 c) 97.3%]

3. A sample of hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution can be prepared by dissolving

41.95 g of hydrogen chloride gas in 71.44 g of pure water. [Given the relative
molecular mass , Mr HCl is 36.46 g/mol]

a) Calculate the percent by mass of the hydrogen chloride in HCl solution.

b) Determine the molarity of the hydrochloric acid solution if the density of the
solution is 1.017 g/mL
c) If 50.00 mL of hydrochloric acid solution from b), is added to 150.0 mL of
water, calculate the molarity of the diluted hydrochloric acid solution.
[Ans : a) 37.00%, b) 10.32 M, c) 2.580 M]

4. A 200.0 mL, 2.58 M of hydrochloric acid solution was used to dissolve 19.50 g
of chalk that contains calcium carbonate and calcium oxide.

The balanced chemical equation as given below

CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)

CaO(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l)

[Given the relative molecular mass, Mr of CaCO3 is 100.1 g/mol and CaO is
56.08 g/mol]

a) If 5.980 g of CO2 gas was collected in the above reaction, determine the
mass of CaCO3 and CaO in the chalk.
b) If the HCl is in excess, calculate the mole of HCl remains after the reaction
is completed.
[Ans : a) CaCO3; 13.6 g CaO; 5.9 g b) 0.034 mol]

COMPILED & PREPARED BY: SYED ABDUL ILLAH ALYAHYA

CHM092 TOPIC MATTER AND STOICHIOMETRY

TEST 1 (JULY 2016)

1. A solution is prepared by mixing 25.0 g of water and 25.0 g of C2H5OH.

Determine the mole fractions of water in ethanol. [Given relative atomic mass,
Ar of C = 12.01, O = 16.00, H = 1.008g/mol]
[Ans : 0.72]

2. A reaction between lead(II) nitrate and potassium iodide produces lead(II)

iodide and potassium nitrate. Write a balanced chemical equation for the above
reaction.

3. Antimony, Sb consists of two isotopes, antimony-121 and antimony-123 with

masses of 120.904 amu and 122.904 amu respectively. If the average atomic
mass of antimony is 121.800 amu, calculate the percentage abundance of
isotopes of antimony-121.
[Ans : 55.2%]

4. If 2.545 g of the CuSO4.XH2O is heated and 1.625 g of the CuSO4 residue is

found after heating, determine the value of X in the formula. [Given relative
atomic mass, Ar of Cu = 63.55, S = 32.06, O = 16.00, H = 1.008g/mol]
[Ans : 5]

5. Cyclohexanol, C6H11OH is converted to cyclohexene, C6H10 when heated with

concentrated sulfuric acid as shown in the following equation

C6H11OH (l) → C6H10(l) + H2O(l)

If 20.0 g of cyclohexanol reacts with excess conc. sulfuric acid, the

cyclohexene present at the end of reaction is only 83.0%. [Given relative
molecular mass, Mr of C6H11OH = 100.16 and C6H10 = 82.14 g/mol]. Calculate
the actual mass of C6H10 produced.
[Ans : 13.6 g]

COMPILED & PREPARED BY: SYED ABDUL ILLAH ALYAHYA

CHM092 TOPIC MATTER AND STOICHIOMETRY

TEST 1 (JULY 2017)

1. Write a correct name for CrCl3.6H2O

2. Calculate the mass of iodine, I2 that contain the same number of molecules as
6.00 g of ozone, O3. [Given the relative atomic mass Ar of I = 126.9 and O =
16.00g/mol]
[Ans : 31.7 g]

3. Magnesium, Mg has a relative atomic mass of 24.31 amu. It consists three

isotopes, P, Q, R with isotopic masses of 23.985 amu, 25.983 amu and
24.986 amu respectively. Calculate the percentage abundance of isotope P
and Q if the percentage abundance of isotope R is 10.13%.
[Ans : P 78.70%, Q 11.17%]

4. When a 1.50 g sample of organic acid containing only C, H and O was burned
completely in excess oxygen, it produced 3.17 g of carbon dioxide and 1.56 g
of water. Determine the empirical formula of the organic acid.
[Ans : C5H12O2]

5. Antacid, milk of magnesia, Mg(OH)2 is produced through the reaction between

sodium hydroxide, NaOH and magnesium chloride, MgCl2. [Given relative
formula mass, Ar of MgCl2 = 95.21, NaOH = 40.01, Mg(OH)2 = 58.33 g/mol]

a) Write a balanced chemical equation.

b) Determine the limiting reactant if 105 g of MgCl2 is allowed to react with
55.0 g of NaOH.
c) Determine the percentage yield if the mass of Mg(OH)2 obtained is 35.0 g
d) Determine the mass of excess reactant remained.
[Ans : c) 87.5%, d) 39.5 g]

COMPILED & PREPARED BY: SYED ABDUL ILLAH ALYAHYA

CHM092 TOPIC MATTER AND STOICHIOMETRY

EXTRA EXERCISE

Percent Composition

1. Each vitamin B12 molecule contains 1 atom cobalt. If the mass percentage of
cobalt is 4.34%, calculate the molar mass of vitamin B12. [Given relative
atomic mass, Ar of Co is 58.93 g/mol]
[Ans : 1.36 x 103 g/mol]

2. Each haemoglobin has 4 iron atoms. If 1.00 g of haemoglobin contains

0.00341 g of iron, what is the relative molecular mass of haemoglobin.
[Relative atomic mass, Ar of Fe is 55.85 g/mol]
[Ans : 6.55 x 104 g/mol]

3. An organic compound (Mr = 204.3 g/mol) as the following composition by

mass:
[Relative atomic mass, Ar of C =12.01, H = 1.008, O = 16.00 g/mol]

C, 58.8%, H, 9.80%, O, 31.4%

a) Calculate the empirical formula
[Ans : C5H10O2]
b) Determine the molecular formula of the compound.
[Ans : C10H20O4]

4. A polymer with an empirical formula CH2, has a relative molecular mass of

63135. Determine the molecular formula of the polymer. [Relative atomic
mass, Ar , C =12.01, H = 1.008, O = 16.00 g/mol]
[Ans : C4500H9000]

Combustion Analysis

1. When 5.048 g of an unknown compound containing only carbon, hydrogen

and oxygen is burned completely in oxygen, it produced 7.406 g of CO2 and
3.027 g of H2O. [Given relative atomic mass, Ar of C =12.01, H = 1.008, O =
16.00 g/mol]. Determine the empirical formula of an unknown compound
[Ans : CH2O ]

2. A sample containing only sulfur and carbon is completely burned in air to

produce 0.640 g of SO2 and 0.220 g of CO2. Determine the empirical formula.
[Given relative atomic mass, Ar of C =12.01, S = 32.06, O = 16.00 g/mol]
[Ans : CS2]

3. Combustion analysis of a hydrocarbon produced 8.80 g of CO2 and 1.44 g of

H2O. Determine the empirical formula for the hydrocarbon compound. [Given
relative atomic mass, Ar of C =12.01, H = 1.008, O = 16.00 g/mol].
[Ans : C5H4]

COMPILED & PREPARED BY: SYED ABDUL ILLAH ALYAHYA

CHM092 TOPIC MATTER AND STOICHIOMETRY

4. Tartaric acid is a white, powdery and used to coats tart candies. Combustion
of 12.01 g of tartaric acid which contains only C, H, and O, produced 14.08 g
of CO2 and 4.32 g of H2O. Determine the empirical formula of tartaric acid.
[Given relative atomic mass, Ar of C =12.01, H = 1.008, O = 16.00 g/mol].
[Ans : C2H3O3 ]

Limiting Reactant, Percent Yield, Theoretical Yield and Atom Economy

1. A 50.0 mL of 0.25 M of MgBr2 is mixed with 100.0 mL of 0.20 M of AgNO3 to

produce AgBr. Calculate the mass of AgBr can be formed and mass of excess
reactant remain unreacted. [Given relative formula mass, Mr of AgBr = 187.80,
MgBr2 = 184.11 and AgNO3 = 169.91 g/mol]
[Ans : 3.76 g, 0.460g]

2. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was prepared by reacting 100.0 g of carbon

disulfide and 100.0 g of chlorine. Calculate the percent yield if 65.0 g of CCl4
were obtained from the reaction.

CS2(g) + 3Cl2(g) → CCl4(g) + S2Cl2(g)

[Given relative molecular mass, Mr of CS2 = 76.13, Cl2 = 70.90 and CCl4 =
153.81 g/mol]
[Ans : 89.9%]

3. In a reaction vessel, at high temperature, 15.0 mol of P4 and 35.0 mol Cl2
react to form PCl3. Determine which substances will be present in the
container after the reaction goes to completion. [Given relative atomic mass,
Ar of P = 30.97, Cl = 35.45 g/mol]
[Ans : 45.3 g PCl3]

4. Maleic anhydride, C4H2O3 can be synthesized via two ways. Which route is
more efficient?

Route 1 : C6H6 + 9/2 O2 → C4H2O3 + 2CO2 + 2H2O

a.
Route 2 : C4H8 + 3O2 → C4H2O3 + 3H2O

5. Thionyl chloride, SOCl2 is primarily used as a chlorinating reagent. It can be

synthesized through various methods. Calculate atom economy in term of
SOCl2 for each method and determine which method is more efficient. [Given
relative atomic mass, Ar of S = 32.06, O = 16.00, Cl = 35.45, P =30.97, C =
12.01 g/mol]

Method 1 : SO2 + COCl2 → SOCl2 + CO2

Method 2 : SO2 + PCl5 → SOCl2 + POCl3
Method 3 : SO2 + SCl2 → SOCl2 + SO2

COMPILED & PREPARED BY: SYED ABDUL ILLAH ALYAHYA

CHM092 TOPIC MATTER AND STOICHIOMETRY

Concentrations of Solutions

1. 10.0 g of CaCl2 (Formula mass is 110.98 g/mol) dissolved in 150.0 mL of

water. Calculate

a) percent (w/v) of the solution

b) percent (w/w) of solution if the density of solution is 1.070 g/mL
c) molarity of the solution.
d) molality of solution
e) mole fraction of CaCl2 in solution.
[Ans : a) 6.67%, b) 6.23%, c) 0.601 M, d) 0.599 m, e) 0.0107]

2. The density of a 20.0% by mass ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) solution in water is

1.03 g/mL.

a) Find the molarity of the solution.

b) Find the molality of the solution.
c) Find the mole fraction of ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) in solution.
[Ans : 3.32 M, 4.03 m, c) 0.0677]

3. Calculate the amount of solute from the

a) 155 mL of 0.540 M of HCl solution

b) 11.3 M of HCl solution with density is 1.18 g/mL
c) 200 g of 0.123 m of C10H8 solution
[Ans : a) 3.05 g, b) 412 g, c) 3.10 g]

4. Calculate the percent by mass of chloride in a 1.57 M of NaCl solution. The

density of the solution is 1.05 g/mL.
[Ans : 5.30 %]

Solutions Stoichiometric

1. A solution containing Na2SO4 was treated with 28.40 mL of 0.150 M of BaCl2

solution until all the sulfate ion had reacted to form BaSO4. The net equation

Ba2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) → BaSO4(s)

Calculate the mass of Na2SO4 in the solution.

[Ans : 0.605 g]

2. An analyse of a sample chlordane, C10H6Cl8 was carried out on 1.446 g of

sample converting all of the chlorine to chloride ions. This aqueous solution
required 91.22 mL of 0.140 M AgNO3 to precipitate all of the chloride ion as
AgCl. Calculate the percentage of chlordane in the original solution. [Given
relative molecular mass, Mr of C10H6Cl8 is 409.78 g/mol]
[Ans : 45.24%]

COMPILED & PREPARED BY: SYED ABDUL ILLAH ALYAHYA

CHM092 TOPIC MATTER AND STOICHIOMETRY

3. Sodium carbonate, Na2CO3 can be found in pure form and it can be used to
standardize acid solutions. What is the molarity of an HCl solution if 28.3 mL
of the solution is required to react with 0.256 g of Na2CO3. Calculate the
volume of the gas produced at STP. [Given relative molecular mass, Mr of
Na2CO3 = 106.01, HCl = 36.46, CO2 = 44.01 g/mol]
[Ans : 0.171 M, 0.054 dm3]

4. A sample of a copper ore with a mass of 0.4875 g was dissolved in acid. A

solution of potassium iodide was added, which cause the reaction

2Cu2+(aq) + 5I–(aq) → I3–(aq) + 2CuI(s)

The I3– that formed reacted with exactly 30.06 mL of 0.0210 M Na2S2O3
according to the following equation.

I3–(aq) + 2S2O32–(aq) → 3I–(aq) + S4O62–(aq)

[Relative atomic mass, Ar Cu =63.55, I = 126.9, Na =23.00, S = 32.06, O =

16.00 g/mol]

a) Calculate the percentage by mass of copper in ore

b) If the ore contained CuCO3, determine the percentage by mass of CuCO3
in the ore.
[Ans : a) 8.23%, b) 16.0 %]

Cumulative Problems

1. 150.0 g of 0.220 m of of iron(III) chloride solution is mixed with 1.00% by mass

of 150.0 g of sodium fluoride solution. The precipitate of iron(III) fluoride is
formed and isolate and then dry it to a constant mass. Calculate the mass of
the solid iron(III) fluoride.

Determine the mole fraction of each substance left in the solution (residue) after
isolation of iron(III) fluoride. Assume the density of both solutions are 1.00 g/mL
and the mass of residue is the total mass of both solutions.
[Ans : 1.34 g, XFeCl3 = 1.21 x 10-3, XNaCl = 2.18 x 10-3, XH2O = 0.996]

COMPILED & PREPARED BY: SYED ABDUL ILLAH ALYAHYA