Assignment 5

Topic: Probability random variables and statistics

Q1 Given a standard normal distribution, find the area under the curve that lies (a) to the right of
z = 1.84 and (b) between z = −1.97 and z = 0.86
Q2 A research scientist reports that mice will live an average of 40 months when their diets are
sharply restricted and then enriched with vitamins and proteins. Assuming that the lifetimes of
such mice are normally distributed with a standard deviation of 6.3 months, find the probability
that a given mouse will live (a) more than 32 months; (b) less than 28 months; (c) between 37
and 49 months
Q3 A company pays its employees an average wage of $15.90 an hour with a standard deviation
of $1.50. If the wages are approximately normally distributed and paid to the nearest cent, (a)
what percentage of the workers receive wages between $13.75 and $16.22 an hour inclusive? (b)
the highest 5% of the employee hourly wages is greater than what amount?
Q4 A coin is tossed 400 times. Use the normal curve approximation to find the probability of
obtaining (a) between 185 and 210 heads inclusive; (b) exactly 205 heads; (c) fewer than 176 or
more than 227 heads.
Q5 A process yields 10% defective items. If 100 items are randomly selected from the process,
what is the probability that the number of defectives (a) exceeds 13? (b) is less than 8
Q6 The probability that a patient recovers from a delicate heart operation is 0.9. Of the next 100
patients having this operation, what is the probability that (a) between 84 and 95 inclusive
survive? (b) fewer than 86 survive?
Q7 A pair of dice is rolled 180 times. What is the probability that a total of 7 occurs (a) at least
25 times? (b) between 33 and 41 times inclusive? (c) exactly 30 times?
Q8 Suppose that a system contains a certain type of component whose time, in years, to failure is
given by T. The random variable T is modeled nicely by the exponential distribution with mean
time to failure β = 5. If 5 of these components are installed in different systems, what is the
probability that at least 2 are still functioning at the end of 8 years?
Q9 The length of time for one individual to be served at a cafeteria is a random variable having
an exponential distribution with a mean of 4 minutes. What is the probability that a person is
served in less than 3 minutes on at least 4 of the next 6 days?
Q10 The life, in years, of a certain type of electrical switch has an exponential distribution with
an average life β = 2. If 100 of these switches are installed in different systems, what is the
probability that at most 30 fail during the first year?
Q11 Earthquake occur in the united states according to a paisson process having a rate of 0.25
per day. Suppose we begin counting earthquake at some point in time.
a. What is the probability that 6 earthquakes occur in July 2019?
b. What is the probability that 2 or more earth quake occur over a 50-days period?
c. On average, how many earth quakes will occur in 2020?
d. On average, how long will it be between the 100th and 101 st earthquakes?
e. What is the probability of no earthquake over a 5 -day period?
f. What is the probability of no earthquakes over 5 separate 1-dayperiods?
g. What is the probability of no earthquake in the period June 2019 -august 2019?
h. What is the probability of 24 earthquakes in the period June 2019 - august 2019?

Q12 Assume that the length of a phone call in minutes is an exponential random variables X with
parameter λ=1/10.
If someone arrives at a phone booth just before you arrive, find the probability that you will have
to wait
(a) Less than 5 minutes ,
(b) Greater than 5 minutes ,
(c) Between 5 and 10 minutes.
Also compute the expected value and variance.

Q13 Assume that the time between arrivals of customers at a particular bank is exponentially
distributed with a mean of 4 minutes.
(A) Find the probability that the time between arrivals is greater than 5 minutes.
(B) Find the probability that the time between arrivals is between 1 and 4 minutes.

Q14 Laptop produced by company XYZ last an average for 5 years the life span of each laptop
follow an exponential distribution.
(a)Calculate the parameter.
(b) Write the probability density function and graph it.
(C) What is the probability that the laptop will last less than 3 years?
(D) What is the probability that a laptop will last more than 10 years?
(e) What is the probability that a laptop will last between 4 and 7 years?
Q15 Suppose salaries at a very large corporation have a mean of $62000 and a standard deviation
of $32000.
If 100 employees are randomly selected, what is the probability their average salary exceed
$66000?
THE transition diagram about the weather for the next day given that, the weather condition
own the previous days is as follows

Find the distributive matrix?

Q16 Transition diagram and initial distribution is given as follows:

a) Normalize the initial distribution?

Q17
The transition diagram of a certain markov process is given as follows

T
GIVEN THAT:
X= [A B C] T
Find the stable distribution for absorbing markov chain such that PX=X, where P is transition
matrix?
Q18

Q19 A study of the amount of rainfall and the quantity of air pollution removed produced the
following
Data

Q20 Following is the load data of hourly consumption from a transformer in KWh
Time Load
12AM 19
1AM 20
2AM 23
3AM 22
4AM 31
5AM 28
6AM 19
7AM 30
8AM 25
9AM 22
10AM 27
11AM 32
12PM 19
1PM 29
2PM 23

(a) Use moving average of 4 data points to predict load value at 3PM and calculate mean
percentage error.
(b) Use moving average of 3 data points to predict load value at 3PM and calculate mean
percentage error.
(c) Use moving average of 2 data points to predict load value at 3PM and calculate mean
percentage error.
(d) What conclusion you draw from the answers of part a,b,c?