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Assignment 1

This document contains 9 multi-part probability questions involving events, sample spaces, weighted dice, and conditional probabilities. It asks the reader to calculate probabilities of unions, intersections, complements and conditional events. Specifically, it asks the reader to find probabilities like P(A), P(B), P(A ∪ B), P(A ∩ B), P(A|B), P(B|A) for various events A and B in different sample spaces.

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khaled
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81 views

Assignment 1

This document contains 9 multi-part probability questions involving events, sample spaces, weighted dice, and conditional probabilities. It asks the reader to calculate probabilities of unions, intersections, complements and conditional events. Specifically, it asks the reader to find probabilities like P(A), P(B), P(A ∪ B), P(A ∩ B), P(A|B), P(B|A) for various events A and B in different sample spaces.

Uploaded by

khaled
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment (1)

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1) Let 𝐴 and 𝐵 be events with 𝑃(𝐴) = 8 , 𝑃(𝐵) = 2 and (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = 4 . Find
(𝑖)𝑃(𝐴⋃𝐵) (𝑖𝑖)𝑃(𝐴′ )𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑃(𝐵 ′ ) (𝑖𝑖𝑖) 𝑃(𝐴′ ⋂𝐵 ′ )
(𝑖𝑣)𝑃(𝐴′ ⋃𝐵 ′ ) (𝑣)𝑃(𝐴⋂𝐵 ′ ) (𝑣𝑖)𝑃(𝐵⋂𝐴′ ).
2) A coin is weighted so that heads is twice as likely to appear as tails. Find 𝑃(𝑇) and 𝑃(𝐻).
3) Let 𝑆 = {𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , 𝑎3 , 𝑎4 }, and let 𝑃 be a probability function on 𝑆.
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a) Find 𝑃(𝑎1 ), if 𝑃(𝑎2 ) = 3 , 𝑃(𝑎3 ) = 6 , 𝑃(𝑎4 ) = 9.
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b) Find 𝑃(𝑎1 ) and 𝑃(𝑎2 ) if 𝑃(𝑎3 ) = 𝑃(𝑎4 ) = 4 and 𝑃(𝑎1 ) = 2𝑃(𝑎2 ).
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c) Find 𝑃(𝑎1 ) if 𝑃({𝑎2 , 𝑎3 }) = 3, 𝑃({𝑎2 , 𝑎4 }) = 2 and 𝑃(𝑎2 ) = 3.

4) Suppose a sample space 𝑆 consists of 4 elements: 𝑆 = {𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , 𝑎3 , 𝑎4 }. Which function


defines a probability space on 𝑆?
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a) 𝑃(𝑎1 ) = 2 , 𝑃(𝑎2 ) = 3 , 𝑃(𝑎3 ) = 4 , 𝑃(𝑎4 ) = 5 .
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b) 𝑃(𝑎1 ) = 2 , 𝑃(𝑎2 ) = 4 , 𝑃(𝑎3 ) = − 4 , 𝑃(𝑎4 ) = 2 .
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c) 𝑃(𝑎1 ) = 2 , 𝑃(𝑎2 ) = 4 , 𝑃(𝑎3 ) = 8 , 𝑃(𝑎4 ) = 8 .
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d) 𝑃(𝑎1 ) = 2 , 𝑃(𝑎2 ) = 4 , 𝑃(𝑎3 ) = 4 , 𝑃(𝑎4 ) = 0.
5) Let 𝐴, 𝐵, and 𝐶 be arbitrary events. Find expressions for the events that of 𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶:
(a) None occurs.

(b) Only 𝐴 occurs.

(c) Only one occurs.

(d) At least one occurs.

(e) 𝐴 occurs and either 𝐵 or 𝐶 occurs but not both.

(f) 𝐵 and 𝐶 occur, but 𝐴 does not occur.

(g) Two or more occur.

(h) At most two occur.

(i) All three occur.

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6) Let a die be weighted so that the probability of a number appearing when the die is tossed
is proportional to the given number. Let A = {even number}, B = {prime number},
C = (odd number).
a) Describe the probability space, i.e., find the probability of each sample point.
b) Find 𝑃(𝐴), 𝑃(𝐵) and 𝑃(𝐶).
c) Find the probability that:
i) an even or prime number occurs.
ii) an odd prime number occurs.
iii) 𝐴 but not 𝐵 occurs
7) Let 𝐴 and 𝐵 be two events of a sample space 𝑆 and let 𝑃(𝐴) = 0.5, 𝑃(𝐵) = 0.7 and
𝑃(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) = 0.9
(i)Find the probabilities of each of the following events:
(a) A and B
(b) A but not B
(c) B but not A
(d) Neither A nor B
(ii) Are 𝐴 and 𝐵 independent? Why?

8) The sample space of a random experiment is {𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑, 𝑒} with probabilities


0.1, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.2, respectively. Let 𝐴 denote the event {𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐}, and let 𝐵 denote the
event {𝑐, 𝑑, 𝑒}. Determine the following:
𝑎) 𝑃(𝐴) 𝑏)𝑃(𝐵) 𝑐) 𝑃(𝐴′ ) 𝑑)𝑃(𝐵 ∩ 𝐵)
𝑒) 𝑃(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) 𝑓)𝑃(𝐴 − 𝐵) 𝑔) 𝑃(𝐵 − 𝐴)
3 5 3
9) Let 𝐴 and 𝐵 be events with 𝑃(𝐴) = 8 , 𝑃(𝐵) = 8 and 𝑃(𝐴𝑈𝐵) = 4. Find 𝑃(𝐴/𝐵) and
𝑃(𝐵/𝐴).

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