WOLKITE UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF LAW
COURSE TITLE; INCLUSIVENAS

COURSE CODE;

GROUP ASSIGNMENT

GROUP MAMBARS NAME ID No

1, Abdulahi muhadin…………………………………………………………………………………….SSR/0013/13

2, Abdulahi kedero………………………………………………………………………………………SSR/1117/13

3, aliyi hasen ……………………………………………………………………………………………..SSR/0091/13

4,Amana Gemechu……………………………………………………………………………………….SSR/0096/13

5,ARIFU shituneh…………………………………………………………………………………………SSR/0122/13

6,Bereket adem………………………………………………………………………………………….SSR/0182/13

7,BONTU dejene……………………………………………………………………………………………..SSR/0240/13

8,Christian samual…………………………………………………………………………………………….SSR/0250/13

9,Dawit Bekele………………………………………………………………………………………………….SSR/0227/13

10,DIDA JATANI…………………………………………………………………………………………………SSR/0315/13

SUBMITTED DATE /10/03/2022 G .C

SUBMITTED BY ,MR. HANOK

1.Inclusion

A, How classroom teacher promotes both equality and diversity in every lesson s/he teaches?

Equality and diversity, sometimes called multiculturalism, is the concept of accepting and
promoting peoples difference, the fundamental foal when promoting equality is to rise awareness
and make sure that all individuals are treated equally and fairly, this is regardless of their age,
gender, religion, disability, sexual orientation or race, when you promote diversity in classroom,
yoy can use a range of activities and principal to helps students recognize and respect peoples
difference, creat an all- inclusive atmosphere, the promotion of diversity and equality in every
day class lecture is Paramount for student and the teacher it self. Some techniques to promote
diversity and equality are such;

Looking all students regardless of religion, disability, sex, gender and identity – it is an important
principal, you should teach your student that this doesn’t mean every body in the classroom
treated the same. Occasionally, it mean that people require extra help so that they are provide
with the same opportunities and outcomes as other.

Difference are respected, recognize and valued – because of diversity is a strength in your lecture
class you should allow and show the respect for difference and appreciate equality among the
student to maintained harmony relation with them.

Fostered positive attitude and relationship – when you teach on the class you should create open
class to make student freely to about their identity, and you should initiate there attitude, and
help to create relation with each other.

Share belongingness and inclusion – strongly should teach your students about the sense of
belongingness, and shape the in the concept of inclusiveness.

Lesson planning – in your class lecture you should incorporate diversity and equality in lesson
plan.

Provide material – give and addressed teaching materials and resource that include diversity and
equality sense if image.
Give student freedom and flexibility – make open and discussion class for students to share there
idea freely with other.

Understand your student

Equal access to opportunity – create equal participation for all student to answer and explain
there idea.

B,Critically discuss the advantage and disadvantage of inclusive practice?

Inclusion practice in the teaching and over all social process highlight the social and ethical
advantage of this kind of education and social interaction. Implementation of inclusive practice
brings numerous benefits to participants in the educational process: children, parents, teachers
and local community.

Advantage of inclusive practice

Pupils with a particular disorder, in this (inclusive) environment, will progress better in social
and academic view. These students will be better prepared for the life in the community and at
the same time will avoid the negative effects of exclusion. “Children who learn together, learn to
live together”. The regular classroom is a better stimulating environment for the pupil with
special needs. Regular pupils in the inclusive classroom can be an example of appropriate
behavior in the classroom for the children with special needs. It is further believed that the
successful inclusion helps learners with typical development to develop positive attitudes
towards children/persons with disabilities, and in future it would lead to adoption of social
principles that will be based on equality and establishment of a harmonious society. Through the
inclusion of children with special educational needs in regular classes, they have been taught
how to control aggressive behavior, and their self-esteem and self-confidence is encouraged.

At the same time, the teachers who work in the inclusive environment will receive help to enrich
their professional skills, develop creativity and innovation, to learn new teaching techniques that
can help to all of the pupils. This way of organization of the teaching allows the teachers to
acquire special emotional connection with the children with special educational needs, and offers
them.
Advantages for the parents whose children are involved in inclusive education are related to the
ability to achieve broad contacts in diverse environment, to receive continuous assistance in the
process of solving the problems that their children are facing with every day.

The local community has benefits from the inclusive Practice . Some of them are: the formation
of positive attitude within its population, greater awareness of the needs of the people with
special needs, various day-care centers for persons with special needs have been opened. Mutual
assistance and joint activities that are performed at an early age create a society in which people
cooperate and give a contribution (according to their abilities) to the community.

Disadvantages of Inclusive practice

All these barriers (spatial, financial, human, ethical) that stand in the way of implementation of
the inclusive education is necessary to be removed to be able to talk about inclusive practice the
true sense of the word, otherwise inappropriately implemented inclusion can carry numerous
harmful effects.

Certain disadvantages can be found when looking at some inclusive programs and activities.
“Full inclusion is not the best placement for all students. The general education classroom is
typically not individualized”. Many full inclusionists feel that all students with special needs
should be fully integrated in the general education setting even if that student may be disruptive
to the other students. One large disadvantage is that if a student is so disruptive that the teacher
cannot teach, it is not good for the students in the general setting because they are not learning at
the pace they should be.

Argument against inclusion,

regular education is not ready for inclusion;

the empirical data is not sufficiently confirming the success of the inclusion;

pupils with special needs require intensive treatment, which cannot be get in regular classes;

To have a successful inclusion it is necessary to a large extent to be changed and adjust the
environment in the regular teaching as well as attitudes towards children with special needs that
must be accommodated in quite the opposite environment.
2. Inclusion for Peace

peace is defined as creating mutual understanding, positive relationship between individuals and
groups. These groups may include culturally, linguistically, economically and biologically
heterogeneous groups.

inclusiveness in all aspects of life. It creates equality and equity among divers population.

Inclusion for Democracy

n inclusive schools. It means the rule of the people, by the people, for the people; and where a
person is to mean all human being, regardless of the diversities.

In democratic education students have the power to make decisions about their learning, because
power is shared rather than appropriated in advance by a minority of people. Inclusive education
(when practiced well) is very important because: All children are able to be part of their
community and develop a sense of belonging and become better prepared for life in the
community today as children and tomorrow as adults. It provides better opportunities for
learning.

Inclusion for Development

development is widely used to refer to a specified state of advancement or growth a new and
advanced idea, profession, physical, mental, product; or an event that constitutes a new stage
under changing circumstances. Development is a positive growth or change in economic, social
and political aspects of a country.

It is important to support people learn, productive, successful and live independently, be

successful without helping them too much.

2. Inclusiveness when practiced well is very important because: All people are able to be part of
their community and develop a sense of belonging and become better prepared for life in the
community as children and adults. It provides better opportunities for learning.
3. Inclusion values diversity and the unique contributions, where everybody brings to the milieu.
In a truly inclusive setting, every individual feels safe and has a sense of belonging. A person
who participates in setting life goals and take part in decisions that affects them.

4. the opportunity to participate in the typical experiences in life; to be with other people and
form friendships and develop other social skills; for natural lifelong learning in real situations
and access to inclusion models

2A,Increased productivity

Improved creativity

Increased company reputation Wider range of skills

Improves cultural insights

Reduced Fear, Improved Performance

Global Impact

In the same vein, workplace diversity boosts creativity

Schools‘ cultural diversity enriches the educational experience

Through culturally diverse classroom and in a cooperative learning, students have the
opportunity to learn from people with different backgrounds and upbringings, leading to
increased innovation and collaboration

It helps dispel negative stereotypes and personal biases about different groups.

In addition, cultural diversity helps us recognize and respect ways of being‖ that are not
necessarily our own; so that as we interact with others we can build bridges to trust, respect, and
understanding across cultures; inclusiveness.

2B, • Greater opportunity for friendships.

• Increased social network.

• More respect for others.

• Shared learning opportunities.

• Increased safety by reducing isolation.

• Higher academic expectations.

• Access to a wider range of school resources.

• Increased collaboration and participation.

• In an inclusive classroom, general education teachers and special education teachers work
together to meet the needs of students.

• This gives special education students the support they need while they stay in a general
education classroom.

• All students can benefit from inclusive classrooms.

• Makes differences less “different

• Provides support to all students

2C,It's a strength because you can get more specialization. If you get more people from different
backgrounds then you're going to get different skills.

However, if that diversity is forced, then the people of different backgrounds will get lazy
because they are given less of an incentive to do good work because it is easier for them to get
the positions. Forced diversity.

• Cultural diversity formulates new ideas or innovations based on collective skills. This
experience is derived from multiple cultures.

• In fact over a due course of time cultural diversity responds to situations. Firstly it interprets
our own ability in responding to situations in a better way.

• Example as we are celebrating the same national festival,we sing a unouie national anthem.

It’s weakness or shortcomings are different cultures in one country can cause friction, confusion
and questions about national loyalties. The idea that diversity is a strength is a political slogan, a
fabrication if you like. If a country is or has become multicultural, a politician might want to give
the people a positive message. So he tells them how great it is to be diverse.

he more ethnically diverse a country is the more crime, poverty and less social and scientific
progress that country makes.

that people tend to get along better when they are alike rather than different. Research has
repeatedly found that friends and spouses are more similar, in just about every way imaginable.
Moreover, the more similar spouses are the more satisfied they tend to be with their marriage and
the less likely they are to get a divorce.

3. a) Describe at least three international and national legal frameworks to promote

inclusive education
1. Collaborative partnerships with teachers’ associations, academic experts in inclusive education
and partnerships with family organizations are essential in the planning, implementing and
sustaining inclusive education.

2. Undertake a comprehensive review of current policy and education practice (particularly those
that are based on distinct “special education” models of education). The human rights based
framework for inclusive education requires a comprehensive understanding of inclusive
education and a review in each jurisdiction of policy and practice to create common
understanding of inclusive education and identify current gaps and deficiencies.
Develop a plan to shift from segregated to inclusive models of education over a 3 to 5 year
timeframe. This plan will include district and school implementation plans developed
collaboratively with educators and parent organizations. It could involve “turning off the tap”
of new placements in segregated environments while students in existing segregated
environments are shifted to a new system (or graduate from the school system). In some
areas, this will involve planning the transition or repurposing special schools (including the
closure of them while transferring resources, staff and budgets to the inclusive system).
4. Develop and implement a plan to shift education support funding from a “special education
model” to an inclusive “education support model”. Within this model, implementation of
supports and accommodations that underpin human rights based inclusive education need to
be well understood and promoted. It is important that existing resources are spent effectively
and that new resources are obtained where needed.

5. Ensure systemic and sustained professional development on inclusive practices. This will
Include timely consultative technical support to Principals and educators of inclusive policies
and practices. Creating a collaborative network and time to share challenges and solutions is
helpful. It will also include professional development on legal obligations that create a
common understanding of the duty to accommodate. Provincial Human Rights Commissions
(or similar bodies) can provide important guidelines and support to this process.
6. Implement district/school models of education support teams for school and education leaders.

7. Share knowledge and best practices locally, provincially and nationally. Within Canada
currently there are excellent examples of educators, school, and broader school systems that
have developed policies, strategies, support models and professional learning that have
supported the implementation of a rights based framework on inclusive education. These
should be shared and promoted systematically.
b) discuss the major factors that affect implementation of international and national legal
frameworks to promote inclusive community in Ethiopia?

Lack of collaboration of teachers, principals and other education stakeholders is vitally

important to succeed inclusive education and maintain a positive attitude towards inclusion.
Socio-economic Barrier

A major constraint is serious shortages of resources – lack of schools or inadequate facilities,

lack of teachers and/or shortage of qualified staff, lack of learning materials and absence of
support.
Environmental barriers
Majority of schools are physically inaccessible to many learners, especially to those who have
mobility problems. In poorer, particularly rural areas, the primary schools are often inaccessible
largely because buildings are rundown or poorly maintained. They are unhealthy and unsafe for
all learners
Policies as barriers
Policy makers who do not understand or accept the concept of inclusive education are a barrier to
the implementation of inclusive policies.
Professional barrier
is the lack of qualified and well trained professionals.
4. [a] , what are the major resources needed to provide quality service [ eg . education, health
and other service] for person with disabilities

The resource should be considered for people with disabilities work places ,social gathering ,
recreational and in school that help them to feel comfortable, secure and work at their
independent and team activities.
Inclusion demands resource to meet the need of all members of communities and to facilate
equal participation in all sphere of life. We can see resources needed for people with disability as
the following was based on different factor :

1, school based resource room

A special education program can be delivered to a student with a disability and learning
difficulty. This program includes remedial ,compensatory and developmental instruction. There
are different kinds of human resource in schools for people with disability such as sign language
interpretor Braille specialist , mobility and orientation ,expert ,behavioral therapist and etc. also
the person with disability needed material resources such as smart board , white cane ,slate and
style audiometer , hearing aids and other resource.

2,Resource for social environment

The person with disability need human resource related with service of social environment such
as sign language interpreter and sighted guide. In material resources they need various
magnifying lenses , hearing aids , talking mobile ,sign language book and other additional
resource wich support them.

3, Resource in the world of work

In relation with work the person with disability benefited when get training on the job, vocational
and work assessments, job coaching and connecting employers and person with disability.

B. How one can overcome the scarcity of human and material resources in response to health
releted problems of person with disability?

There are different problems occur related health service for people with disability , from many
problem scarcity of resource is one. To handle this problem effective planning and resource
management is very important. We can use the following option to overcome scarcity of
resource relating to health:

_ identify and remove barriers

_ use the existed resource wisely to provide health service

 _ work with different institution especially the institution that working relating
disability an international and national level.

5. ?