INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 9, ISSUE 04, APRIL 2020 ISSN 2277-8616

Control And Monitoring Of A Greenhouse Using

Plc S7-1200 And Web Server In High Andean
Areas
Santiago Rubiños, Wilver Auccahuasi, Junior Grados, Carmen Diaz, Jhon Ayasta, and Manuel Huamán

Abstract: The present research work is carried out to increase the massive use of new technologies in the agricultural sector, innovating and betting on
the development that is theoretical and experimental in nature, with the purpose of encouraging the use of new technologies in order to observe a
considerable increase in the production of the agricultural sector with thus leading to a diversification of knowledge in the population for an adequate use
of such technologies. For the development, we will first review the existing documentation on new greenhouse control technologies such as the
variables: temperature, humidity, luminosity, heating, etc., and finally we will obtain the results with the implementation being verified on a web server of
the S7 PLC itself -1200 SIEMENS brand which will help the user to monitor the process or the greenhouse plant in real time.

Index Terms: Invernadero, PLC, Programación Ladder, Web server.

——————————  ——————————
1 INTRODUCTION
For thousands of years man has inherently had the desire to 2 METHODS Y MATERIALS
control nature, either properly or for inappropriate purposes. The The idea of this project arises from the Final Master Thesis
diversification of agricultural products around the world is an "Commissioning of a Humidity and Temperature Measurement
indication of improving and optimizing our production systems, System in a Greenhouse", developed by the master, Carlos
whereby an intelligent greenhouse would be an interesting Loor. After its work in the construction of a greenhouse and
proposal to develop. A greenhouse will allow us to control and the control of temperature and humidity, the need arises to be
supervise the production of fruits and / or tubers regardless of able to monitor the state of the variables in a fast and
the climatic conditions of the chosen areas, the production comfortable way. This is how this project is born, Greenhouse
process can even be accelerated by controlling the variables Controlled by a web server of the same S7-1200 PLC, with the
(temperature, humidity, luminosity, others). ―The automated purpose of developing services that allow the user to control
greenhouse cultivation system provides a suitable microclimate and monitor the state of the greenhouse from any
for the production of fruit, flowers and vegetables. [one] geographical point. It offers the possibility of modifying working
The advantages of the automated greenhouse system is the ranges of actuators, managing alarms, visualizing variables ...
higher productivity per m2, the guarantee of having a quality even being able to draw graphs of evolution of the parameters
production, efficient control of pests and diseases of the crop, involved in the process of planting growth. The need of the
greater control of environmental factors, to produce out of human being to control their environment and modify it based
season, have the environmental conditions to produce wicked on their needs and the search for man to achieve a more
crops, have more opportunity to market high quality crops in a comfortable and safe life, are the pillars that drive this project.
competitive market. For the design of a greenhouse, it is [2]
necessary to know the factors that govern its proper functioning,
so an investigation must be carried out with engineers:
agronomists, electronics, systems for its proper operation in
automation. Which the present research work entitled
"CONTROL AND MONITORING OF A GREENHOUSE USING
PLC S7-1200 AND WEB SERVER IN ZONES ALTO ANDINAS
DEL PERÚ" seeks to achieve optimal solutions for the
implementation of this research with an adequate problem
statement.

———————————————— Figure 1. Block Diagram.

 Santiago Rubiños, Centro de investigación en Automatizacion para
el Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional del Callao, Perú PID: proportional-integral-derivative control action, this
 Wilver Auccahuasi, Centro de investigación en Automatizacion para combined action combines the advantages of each of the
el Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional del Callao, Perú three individual control actions. The equation of a controller
 Junior Grados, Centro de investigación en Automatizacion para el with this combined action is obtained by:
Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional del Callao, Perú
 Carmen Diaz, Centro de investigación en Automatizacion para el
Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional del Callao, Perú
 Jhon Ayasta, Centro de investigación en Automatizacion para el
Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional del Callao, Perú
 Manuel Huamán, Centro de investigación en Automatizacion para el
Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional del Callao, Perú

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 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 9, ISSUE 04, APRIL 2020 ISSN 2277-8616

Figure 2. Proportional-integral-derivative control.

And its transfer function results:

Figure 5. Representation Ziegler – Nichols.

2.1 Greenhouse Construction

Figure 3. Transfer function.
Recommended height of a greenhouse
The mathematical model that describes the state of the There are several experiences in the construction of
greenhouse microclimate described in Figure 1 consists of a greenhouses, the one that has given better results is that
system of two first-order equations that derive from the
which allows to reach 3 cubic meters per square meter of
principle of mass and energy balance. surface. Under these conditions a better development of tall
crops such as tomatoes and others is achieved. While more
interior heating is needed (if needed), the heat will remain
longer.

Orientation
Within the characteristics for the orientation of a greenhouse
they should allow to receive greater illumination (orientation
from east to west), the layout of the land, the prevailing winds
and the shape of the greenhouse will condition its orientation
and the layout of the crop lines. The cultivation lines should be
located north-south to avoid the projection of shadow from one
Figure 4. Representación del flujo de energía. another and that all of them have the same amount of solar
radiation as the sun travels throughout the day. On the other
The parameters described by the state equations include: hand, in those of shorter length, ventilation can be carried out
through windows located in the upper part of the front and
𝑇𝑖𝑛: Air temperature bottom, which must also have an opening and closing
𝑊𝑖𝑛: Absolute humidity mechanism.
𝑇𝑓: Soil surface temperature

An optimal regulation result can only be achieved if a regulator

structure is chosen that is akin to the regulated system, and
that can be adapted to it within certain limits.

This control algorithm works based on error and time, it was

designed to correct with the integral part the imbalance or off-
set error that generates a proportional control, the control
action of a proportional - integral controller.

The parameters of a PID controller were obtained by adjusting

Ziegler controllers – Nichols
Figure 6. Greenhouse measures.
𝐾𝑝 = 6,456
𝑇𝑖 = 40,234 Temperature
It is one of the most important factors in the development of
plants. Therefore, one of the main advantages of greenhouses
is the possibility of creating the climatic conditions that best
suits crops, preventing damage from low temperatures. It is
not easy to cool the greenhouse without investing high
amounts in facilities and equipment. The structure of the
greenhouse can be metallic with angular profiles or round
tubes. There is wood alone, or wood and wire. Also of PVC or
concrete pipes. The decision of what type of greenhouse will
be built will depend on the budget available. But the most used
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 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 9, ISSUE 04, APRIL 2020 ISSN 2277-8616

in galvanized iron. The most commonly used material is low

density polyethylene. In commerce they are wide from 6 to 12
meters. It is necessary to consider these measures when
designing the structures. Polyethylene. The most used is from
0.15 to 0.20 millimeters thick, with anti UV treatment.
Generally, it lasts two seasons and has a greater resistance to
adverse climates. [3]

Programmable Logic Controller PLC S7 1200

The S7-1200 controller offers the flexibility and power
necessary to control a wide variety of devices for different
automation needs. Thanks to its compact design, flexible
configuration and extensive set of instructions, the S7-1200 is
ideal for controlling a wide variety of applications. Figure 9. Main screen of PLC simulation S7-1200.

3 RESULTS
Web server configuration of an S7-1200 PLC
To put it into service, you just have to do the following:

 Open PLC settings> Properties

 In Web Server, select Activate web server in the
module
 In user administration, create (or not) a user and give
them the permissions you want.

Figure 10. Main screen of the S7-1200 PLC simulation.

4 CONCLUSIONS
 After having performed the respective tests, it is
verified that the objectives set are met, that is, the
control and monitoring of the ambient temperature is
Figure 7. Web server before configuring a web server. carried out so that it does not exceed its established
value, and for the humidity the control and monitoring
On the main screen you will have the basic operation of the of the Humidity of floor.
PLC, such as putting the S7-1200 automaton in RUN or STOP,  The tests that were carried out in this project were
in addition to seeing the status of the LEDs or being able to established according to the scope proposed.
force them to go into intermittent mode to be able to identify  The entire system must be installed with their
them. respective protections, such as fuses and breakers.
 In the design for the controller, it was determined by
the method of the geometric place of the roots that
the plants require a PID controller, because only
proportional and integral gain values were obtained,
while the derivative was zero.
 If the proportional gain is increased in excess it
causes excessive oscillation at the controller output.
 In plants in which their effects are affected, a better
system is needed than a SISO (Simple Input Simple
Output).
 With the experience acquired, in the development of
Figure 8. PLC-s7 1200 Programmable Logic Controller the thesis, it is recommended to scale with an
siemens. adaptive intelligent system.
 It is pertinent to perform tests of the controller
designed with external disturbances which lead the
controller to limit efficiency.
 The design of a MIMO type controller is
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recommended, since the plants are of the SISO type

due to the cause effect that occurs between them: at
higher temperatures, lower relative humidity and vice
versa.

REFERENCES
[1] R. Alejandro, Automatización de invernaderos aplicando
tecnología de punta con fines de mejorar la producción agrícola,
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[2] V. Edwin, Diseño y avaluación climática de un invernadero para
condiciones de clima tropical de montaña, pp. 26, Colombia,
2016.
[3] A. Luis, Diseño e implementación optimización de un monitor
inalámbrico en un invernadero, pp. 13, Chile, 2009.
[4] M. Virginia, Controladores PID, 2002
[5] L. Kevin, Diseño e implementación de un sistema de control
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[7] FAO, O. (2018). Perú: agricultura familiar más fuerte gracias a
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[8] Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2017).
Good
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[11] Visioli, A. (2006). Practical PID Control. London: Springer-Verlag
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