AWG to square mm Wire Gauge Conversion

Convert American Wire Gauge (AWG) to square mm cross sectional area

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AWG - American Wire Gauge - is an U.S. standard of wire conductor sizes. The "gauge" is related to the diameter of

larger "gauge" - smaller diameter and thinner wire

The AWG standard includes copper, aluminum and other wire materials. Typical household copper wiring is AWG nu
Telephone wire is usually 22, 24, or 26. The higher the gauge number, the smaller the diameter and the thinner th
The table below can be used to convert American Wire Gauge (AWG) to square mm cross sectional area.

American Wire Cross Sectional

Diameter Diameter
Gauge Area
(AWG) (inches) (mm) (mm2)
0 0.46 11.68 107.16
0 0.4096 10.4 84.97
0 0.3648 9.27 67.4
0 0.3249 8.25 53.46
1 0.2893 7.35 42.39
2 0.2576 6.54 33.61
3 0.2294 5.83 26.65
4 0.2043 5.19 21.14
5 0.1819 4.62 16.76
6 0.162 4.11 13.29
7 0.1443 3.67 10.55
8 0.1285 3.26 8.36
9 0.1144 2.91 6.63
10 0.1019 2.59 5.26
11 0.0907 2.3 4.17
12 0.0808 2.05 3.31
13 0.072 1.83 2.63
14 0.0641 1.63 2.08
15 0.0571 1.45 1.65
16 0.0508 1.29 1.31
17 0.0453 1.15 1.04
18 0.0403 1.02 0.82
19 0.0359 0.91 0.65
20 0.032 0.81 0.52
21 0.0285 0.72 0.41
22 0.0254 0.65 0.33
23 0.0226 0.57 0.26
24 0.0201 0.51 0.2
25 0.0179 0.45 0.16
26 0.0159 0.4 0.13
onal area

related to the diameter of the wire.

d copper wiring is AWG number 12 or 14.

ameter and the thinner the wire.
s sectional area.
Wire cross sectional area calculation
The n gauge wire's cross sercional area An in square millimeters (mm2) is equal to pi divided by 4 times th

An (mm2) = (π/4)×dn2 = 0.012668 mm2 × 92(36-n)/19.5

AWG to mm conversion chart
Diameter Diameter Area
AWG #
(mm) (inch) (mm2)
0000
116,840 0.4600 1,072,193
(4/0)

000 (3/0) 104,049 0.4096 850,288

00 (2/0) 92,658 0.3648 674,309

0 (1/0) 82,515 0.3249 534,751
1 73,481 0.2893 424,077
2 65,437 0.2576 336,308
3 58,273 0.2294 266,705
4 51,894 0.2043 211,506
5 46,213 0.1819 167,732
6 41,154 0.1620 133,018
7 36,649 0.1443 105,488
8 32,636 0.1285 83,656
9 29,064 0.1144 66,342
10 25,882 0.1019 52,612
11 23,048 0.0907 41,723
12 20,525 0.0808 33,088
13 18,278 0.0720 26,240
14 16,277 0.0641 20,809
15 14,495 0.0571 16,502
16 12,908 0.0508 13,087
17 11,495 0.0453 10,378
18 10,237 0.0403 0.8230
19 0.9116 0.0359 0.6527
20 0.8118 0.0320 0.5176
21 0.7229 0.0285 0.4105
22 0.6438 0.0253 0.3255
23 0.5733 0.0226 0.2582
24 0.5106 0.0201 0.2047
25 0.4547 0.0179 0.1624
26 0.4049 0.0159 0.1288
27 0.3606 0.0142 0.1021
28 0.3211 0.0126 0.0810
29 0.2859 0.0113 0.0642
30 0.2546 0.0100 0.0509
31 0.2268 0.0089 0.0404
32 0.2019 0.0080 0.0320
33 0.1798 0.0071 0.0254
34 0.1601 0.0063 0.0201
35 0.1426 0.0056 0.0160
36 0.1270 0.0050 0.0127
37 0.1131 0.0045 0.0100
38 0.1007 0.0040 0.0080
39 0.0897 0.0035 0.0063
40 0.0799 0.0031 0.0050
pi divided by 4 times the square wire diameter d in millimeters (mm):
Conversion and calculation − cross section < > diameter

● Cable diameter to circle cross-sectional area and vice vers

Round electric cable, conductor, wire, cord, string, wiring

Cross section is just a two-dimensional view of a slice through an object.
An often asked question: How can you convert the diameter of a round wire d = 2 × r to the
circle cross section surface or the cross-section area A (slice plane) to the cable diameter d?
Why is the diameter value greater than the area value? Because that's not the same.
Resistance varies inversely with the cross-sectional area of a wire.

The required cross-section of an electrical line depends on the following factors:

1) Rated voltage. Net form. (Three-phase (DS) / AC (WS))
2) Fuse - Upstream backup = Maximum permissible current (Amp)
3) On schedule to be transmitted power (kVA)
4) Cable length in meters (m)
5) Permissible voltage drop (% of the rated voltage)
6) Line material. Copper (Cu) or aluminum (Al)
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Wire Cross-
diamete unit  |  sectional unit2
r d  area A 
 | 

      ↓  |        ↓

 | 

 Cross- Wire
sectiona unit2  |  diameter unit
l area A  d 
 | 

The "unit" is usually millimeters but it can also be inches, feet, yards, meters (metres),
or centimeters, when you take for the area the square of that measure.

Litz wire (stranded wire) consisting of many thin wires need a 14 % larger diameter compared to a solid w

Cross sectional area is not diameter.

Cross section is an area.

Diameter is a linear measure.
That cannot be the same.

The cable diameter in millimeters

is not the cable cross-section in
square millimeters.

The cross section or the cross sectional area is the area of such a cut.
It need not necessarily have to be a circle.

Commercially available wire (cable) size as cross sectional area:

0.75 mm2, 1.5 mm2, 2.5 mm2, 4 mm2, 6 mm2, 10 mm2, 16 mm2.

Calculation of the cross section A, entering the diameter d = 2 r:

r = radius of the wire or cable

d = 2 r = diameter of the wire or cable

Calculation of the diameter d = 2 r, entering the cross section A:

The conductor (electric cable)

There are four factors that affect the resistance of a conductor:
1) the cross sectional area of a conductor A, calculated from the diameter d
2) the length of the conductor
3) the temperature in the conductor
4) the material constituting the conductor
There is no exact formula for the minimum wire size from the maximum amperage.
It depends on many circumstances, such as for example, if the calculation is for DC, AC or
even for three-phase current, whether the cable is released freely, or is placed under the
ground. Also, it depends on the ambient temperature, the allowable current density, and the
allowable voltage drop, and whether solid or litz wire is present. And there is always the
nice but unsatisfactory advice to use for security reasons a thicker and hence more
expensive cable. Common questions are about the voltage drop on wires.

Voltage drop Δ V
The voltage drop formula with the specific resistance (resistivity) ρ (rho) is:

 Δ V = I × R = I × (2 × l × ρ / A) 

I = Current in ampere
l = Wire (cable) length in meters (times 2, because there is always a return wire)
ρ = rho, electrical resistivity (also known as specific electrical resistance or volume
resistivity) of copper = 0.01724 ohm×mm2/m (also Ω×m)
(Ohms for l = 1 m length and A = 1 mm2 cross section area of the wire)     ρ =1/σ
A = Cross section area in mm2
σ = sigma, electrical conductivity (electrical conductance) of copper = 58 S·m/mm2

 Quantity of resistance

 R = resistance
Ω
 ρ = specific
Ω×m 
resistance  
 l = doublemlength of the cable  
 A = crossmm
section
2

The derived SI unit of electrical resistivity ρ is Ω × m, shortened from the clear Ω × mm² / m.
The reciprocal of electrical resistivity is electrical conductivity.

Electrical conductivity and electrical resistivity κ or σ = 1/

Electrical conductance and electrical resistance ρ = 1/

Electrical Electrical conductivity Electrical resistivity

Conductor Electrical conductance Specific resistance
silver σ = 62 S·m/mm² ρ = 0.0161 Ohm∙mm²/m
 copper σ = 58 S·m/mm² ρ = 0.0172 Ohm∙mm²/m
gold σ = 41 S·m/mm² ρ = 0.0244 Ohm∙mm²/m
aluminium σ = 36 S·m/mm² ρ = 0.0277 Ohm∙mm²/m
constantan σ = 2.0 S·m/mm² ρ = 0.5000 Ohm∙mm²/m

Difference between electrical resistivity and electrical condu

The conductance in siemens is the reciprocal of the resistance in ohms.

To use the calculator, simply enter a value.

The calculator works in both directions of the ↔ sign.

Electric Specific
al elec.
conduct resistan
ivity σ   ↔  ce ρ 

S×m/ Ohm ×
mm² mm² / m

σ=1/ρ ρ=1/σ
siemens S = 1/Ω or ohm Ω = 1/S

The value of the electrical conductivity (conductance) and the specific electrical resista
(resistivity) is a temperature dependent material constant. Mostly it is given at 20 or 25

istance = resistivity x length / area

The specific resistivity of conductors changes with temperature.
In a limited temperature range it is approximately linear:

where α is the temperature coefficient, T is the temperature and T0 is any temperature

such as T0 = 293.15 K = 20°C at which the electrical resistivity ρ (T0) is known.

Convert resistance to electrical conductance

Conversion of reciprocal siemens to ohms
1 ohm [Ω] = 1 / siemens [1/S]
1 siemens [S] = 1 / ohm [1/Ω]
To use the calculator, simply enter a value.
The calculator works in both directions of the ↔ sign.

1 millisiemens = 0.001 mho = 1000 ohms

Mathematically, conductance is the reciprocal, or inverse, of resistance:

The symbol for conductance is the capital letter "G" and the unit is the
mho, which is "ohm" spelled backwards. Later, the unit mho was
replaced by the unit Siemens − abbreviated with the letter "S".

Calculator: Ohm's law

Table of typical loudspeaker cables

Cable
0.798 0.977 1.382 1.784 2.257 2.764 3.568
diameter 1.128 mm
mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
d 

Cable
nominal 0.75 10.0
0.5 mm2 1.0 mm2 1.5 mm2 2.5 mm2 4.0 mm2 6.0 mm2
cross mm2 mm2
section A

Maximu
m
3:00 AM 7.6 A 10.4 A 13.5 A 18.3 A 25 A 32 A      -
electrica
l current

Always consider, the cross section must be made larger with higher power and higher length of
the cable, but also with lesser impedance. Here is a table to tell the possible power loss.

Cable    Sectio Resistan

Power loss at  Damping factor at
length n    ce
 Impedan Impedan Impedan
in m in mm2 in ohm Impedance
ce ce ce
8 ohm 4 ohm 8 ohm 4 ohm
0.75 0.042 0.53% 1.05% 98 49
1.50 0.021 0.31% 0.63% 123 62
1
2.50 0.013 0.16% 0.33% 151 75
4.00 0.008 0.10% 0.20% 167 83
0.75 0.084 1.06% 2.10% 65 33
1.50 0.042 0.62% 1.26% 85 43
2
2.50 0.026 0.32% 0.66% 113 56
4.00 0.016 0.20% 0.40% 133 66
0.75 0.210 2.63% 5.25% 32 16
1.50 0.125 1.56% 3.13% 48 24
5
2.50 0.065 0.81% 1.63% 76 38
4.00 0.040 0.50% 1.00% 100 50
0.75 0.420 5.25% 10.50% 17 9
1.50 0.250 3.13% 6.25% 28 14
10
2.50 0.130 1.63% 3.25% 47 24
4.00 0.080 1.00% 2.00% 67 33
0.75 0.840 10.50% 21.00% 9 5
1.50 0.500 6.25% 12.50% 15 7
20
2.50 0.260 3.25% 6.50% 27 13
4.00 0.160 2.00% 4.00% 40 20

The damping factor values show, what remains of an accepted damping factor of 200
depending on the cable length, the cross section, and the impedance of the loudspeaker.
Conversion and calculation of cable diameter to AWG
and AWG to cable diameter in mm - American Wire Gauge

 Wire
diamete mm   | 
AWG
number 
r d 
 | 

      ↓  |        ↓

 | 

 Wire
AWG  |  diameter mm 
number 
d 
 |          

The gauges we most commonly use are even numbers, such as 18, 16, 14, etc.
If you get an answer that is odd, such as 17, 19, etc., use the next lower even number.
AWG stands for American Wire Gauge and refers to the strength of wires.
These AWG numbers show the diameter and accordingly the cross section as a code.
They are only used in the USA. Sometimes you find AWG numbers also in catalogues
and technical data in Europe.

American Wire Gauge - AWG Chart

AWG
46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39
number

Diameter
0.0016 0.0018 0.0020 0.0022 0.0024 0.0027 0.0031 0.0035
in inch
Diameter
(Ø) 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09
in mm
Cross
section 0.0013 0.0016 0.0020 0.0025 0.0029 0.0037 0.0049 0.0062
in mm2

AWG
33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26
number

Diameter
0.0071 0.0079 0.0089 0.0100 0.0113 0.0126 0.0142 0.0159
in inch
Diameter
(Ø) 0.18 0.20 0.23 0.25 0.29 0.32 0.36 0.40
in mm
Cross
section 0.026 0.032 0.040 0.051 0.065 0.080 0.10 0.13
in mm2

AWG
20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13
number

Diameter
0.0319 0.0359 0.0403 0.0453 0.0508 0.0571 0.0641 0.0719
in inch
Diameter
(Ø) 0.81 0.91 1.02 1.15 1.29 1.45 1.63 1.83
in mm
Cross se
ction 0.52 0.65 0.82 1.0 1.3 1.7 2.1 2.6
in mm2

AWG 0
number 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 (1/0)
0

Diameter
0.1443 0.1620 0.1819 0.2043 0.2294 0.2576 0.2893 0.3249
 0.1443 0.1620 0.1819 0.2043 0.2294 0.2576 0.2893 0.3249
in inch
Diameter
(Ø) 3.67 4.11 4.62 5.19 5.83 6.54 7.35 8.25
in mm
Cross
section 10.6 13.3 16.8 21.1 26.7 33.6 42.4 53.5
in mm2
diameter

and vice versa ●

ing, wiring, and rope

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compared to a solid wire.
 κ or σ = 1/ρ
e ρ = 1/κ = 1/σ 
ctrical conductivity

ic electrical resistance
s given at 20 or 25°C.

s any temperature,
is known.

ductance
er length of
o AWG
Wire Gauge
 38 37 36 35 34

0.0040 0.0045 0.0050 0.0056 0.0063

0.10 0.11 0.13 0.14 0.16

0.0081 0.010   0.013   0.016   0.020  

25 24 23 22 21

0.0179 0.0201 0.0226 0.0253 0.0285

0.45 0.51 0.57 0.64 0.72

0.16 0.20 0.26 0.32 0.41

12 11 10 9 8

0.0808 0.0907 0.1019 0.1144 0.1285

2.05 2.30 2.59 2.91 3.26

3.3 4.2 5.3 6.6 8.4

0 0 0 0 0
(2/0) (3/0) (4/0) (5/0) (6/0)
(-1) (-2) (-3) (-4) (-5)

0.3648 0.4096 0.4600 0.5165 0.5800

0.3648 0.4096 0.4600 0.5165 0.5800

9.27 10.40 11.68 13.13 14.73

67.4 85.0 107.2 135.2 170.5

>< /tr>< /table>
Deutsche Version

● Ohm's Law ●
Calculator and all Formulas
Resistance (ohms), current (amps), and voltage
Ohm's Law is the linear proportionality between current and voltage that occurs for most condu
of electricity. A graph of voltage against current is a straight line. The gradient is the resistance.

Practitioners rarely speak of potential difference, when electrical voltage (drop) is meant. VIR

Electrical voltage = current times resistance "VIR"

Output
Input:
:
current resistanc voltage
I     eR V
 ×
amperes 
      ohms volts

voltage resistanc
current I
V    eR
  ⁄
volts       ohms amperes

voltage resistan
current I
V    ce R
  ⁄
volts       amperes ohms

#NAME?

Formulas:          V = I × R          I = V / R          R = V / I

The mathematical formulas of Ohm's Law

Ohm's Law can be rewritten in three ways for calculating current, resistance, and voltage.
If a current I should flow through a resistor R, the voltage V can be calculated.

First Version of the (voltage) formula: V=I×R

If there is a voltage V across a resistor R, a current I flows through it. I can be calculated.

Second Version of the (current) formula: I=V/R

If a current I flows through a resistor, and there is a voltage V across the resistor

Third Version of the (resistance) formula: R=V/I

All of these variations of the so called "Ohm's Law" are mathematically equal

  Formul   Symbo
 Name  Unit
a sign   l  
 voltage  V or E volt V
I  ampere
 current  A
(amp)  
 resistan R ohm Ω
ce 
 power  P watt W

What is the formula for electrical current?

When the current is constant:
I=ΔQ/Δt
I is the current in amps (A)
Δ Q is the electric charge in coulombs (C),
that flows at time duration of Δ t in seconds (s).

Voltage V = current I × resistance R

Power P = voltage V × current I

In electrical conductors, in which the current and voltage are proportional

to each other, ohm's law apply: V ~ I or V ⁄ I = const.
Constantan wires or other metal wires held at a constant temperature meet well ohm's law.

"V ⁄ I = R = const." ist not the law of ohm. It is the definition of the resistance.
Thereafter, in every point, even with a bent curve, the resistance value can be calculated.

For many electrical components such as diodes ohm's law does not apply.

"Ohm's Law" has not been invented by Mr. Ohm

"U ⁄ I = R = const." is not the law of Ohm or Ohm's law. It is the definition of the resistance.
Thereafter, in every point - even with a bent curve - the resistance value can be calculated.
Ohm's law "postulates" following relationship: When a voltage is applied to an object, the electr
current flowing through it changes the strength proportional to the voltage. In other words, the
electrical resistance, defined as the quotient of voltage and currentis constant, and that is
independent of voltage and current. The name of the law "honors" Georg Simon Ohm, who cou
prove this relationship for some simple electrical conductors as one of the first searchers.
"Ohm's Law" has really not been invented by Ohm.

 Tip: Ohm's magic triangle

The magic V I R  triangle can be used to calculate all formulations of ohm's law.
Use a finger to hide the value to be calculated. The other two values then show
how to do the calculation.
The symbol I or J = Latin: influare, international ampere, and R = resistance. V = voltage or
electric potential difference, also called voltage drop, or E = electromotive force (emf = voltage)

Voltage drop calculations - DC / single phase calculation

The voltage drop V in volts (V) is equal to the wire current I in amps (A) times twice
the wire length L in feet (ft) times the wire resistance per 1000 feet R in ohms (Ω / kft)
divided by 1000:
Vdrop (V) = Iwire (A) × Rwire (Ω)
= Iwire (A) × (2 × L (ft) × Rwire (Ω / kft) / 1000 (ft / kft))  

The voltage drop V in volts (V) is equal to the wire current I in amps (A) times twice
the wire length L in meters (m) times the wire resistance per 1000 meters R in ohms
(Ω / km) divided by 1000:
Vdrop (V) = Iwire (A) × Rwire (Ω)
= Iwire (A) × (2 × L (m) × Rwire (Ω / km) / 1000 (m / km))

If the unit of power P = I × V and of voltage V = I · R

look for
"The Big Power Formulas":
Calculations: power (watt), voltage, current, resistance

Some persons think that Georg Simon Ohm calculated the "specific resistance".
Therefore they think that only the following can be the true ohm's law.

 Quantity of resistance

 R = resistance
Ω
 ρ = specific
Ω×m 
resistance  
 l = doublemlength of the cable  
 A = crossmm
section
2

Electrical conductivity (conductance) σ (sigma) = 1/

Specific electrical resistance (resistivity) ρ (rho) = 1/

  Electrical Electrical conductivity

 Electrical resistivity

 conductor  Electrical conductance

 Specific resistance

ρ=
silver
σ = 62 0.0161
S·m/mm² Ohm∙mm
²/m
 ρ=
copper
σ = 58 0.0172
S·m/mm² Ohm∙mm
²/m

ρ=
gold σ = 41 0.0244
S·m/mm² Ohm∙mm
²/m

ρ=
aluminiu σ = 36 0.0277
m S·m/mm² Ohm∙mm
²/m

ρ=
constan σ = 2.0 0.5000
tan S·m/mm² Ohm∙mm
²/m

Difference between electrical resistivity and electrical

The conductance in siemens is the reciprocal of the resistance in ohms.

Simply enter the value to the left or the right side.

The calculator works in both directions of the ↔ sign.
Specific elec. resistance ρ  
Electrical conductivity
 ↔ 
 S · m / mm²  Ohm ∙ mm² / m
σ=1/ρ ρ=1/σ
siemens S = 1/Ω or ohm Ω = 1/S

The value of the electrical conductivity (conductance) and the specific electric
(resistivity) is a temperature dependent material constant. Mostly it is given at
Resistance R = ρ × (l / A) or R = l / (σ × A)
For all conductors the specific resistivity changes with the temperature. In a lim
temperature range it is approximately linear:

where α is the temperature coefficient, T is the temperature and T0 is any tem

such as T0 = 293.15 K = 20°C at which the electrical resistivity ρ (T0) is known

Cross-sectional area - cross section - slice plane

Now there is the question:
How can we calculate the cross sectional area (slice plane) A
from the wire diameter d and vice versa?

Calculation of the cross section A (slice plane) from diameter d:

r = radius of the wire

d = diameter of the wire

Calculation diameter d from cross section A (slice plane):

Cross section A of the wire in mm2 inserted in this formula gives the diameter d in mm.

Calculation − Round cables and wires:

• Diameter to cross section and vice versa •

Electric voltage V = I × R      (Ohm's law VIR)

Electrical voltage = amperage × resistance (Ohm's law)
Please enter two values, the third value will be calculated.

 Electric
voltage volts
V 
Amperag
amps
e I 
   Resist
ohms   
ance R 

V = I × R              I = V /
R              R = V / I
Electric power P = I × V      (Power law PIV)
Electric power = amperage × voltage (Watt's Law)
Please enter two values, the third value will be calculated.

  Electric
Power watts
P 
Amperag
amps   
e I 
Voltage
volts
V 

P = I × V              I = P /
V              V = P / I
Ohm's law. V = I × R, where V is the potential across a circuit element, I is the current
through it, and R is its resistance. This is not a generally applicable definition of
resistance. It is only applicable to ohmic resistors, those whose resistance R is
constant over the range of interest and V obeys a strictly linear relation to I. Materials
are said to be ohmic when V depends linearly on R. Metals are ohmic so long as one
holds their temperature constant. But changing the temperature of a metal changes
slightly. When the current changes rapidly, as when turning on a light, or when using AC
sources, slightly non-linear and non-ohmic behavior can be observed. For non-ohmic
resistors, R is current-dependent and the definition R = dV/dI is far more useful. This is
sometimes called the dynamic resistance. Solid state devices such as thermistors are
non-ohmic and non-linear. A thermistor's resistance decreases as it warms up, so its
dynamic resistance is negative. Tunnel diodes and some electrochemical processes
have a complicated I to V curve with a negative resistance region of operation. The
dependence of resistance on current is partly due to the change in the device's
temperature with increasing current, but other subtle processes also contribute to
change in resistance in solid state devices.

Calculation: Parallel Resistance (Resistor) Calculator

Color Code Calculator for Resistors

Electric Current, Electric Power, Electricity and Electric Charge

The Formula Wheel - Formulas of Electrical Engineering

In acoustics we use "Ohm's law as acoustic equivalent"

  How electricity works.

  Ohm's Law clearly explained.
voltage (volts)
at occurs for most conductors
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peration. The

ntribute to
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