Pneumatic Safety Valves Safety Function: Application Technique
Pneumatic Safety Valves Safety Function: Application Technique
Pneumatic Safety Valves Safety Function: Application Technique
Topic Page
Important User Information 2
General Safety Information 3
Introduction 3
Safety Function Realization: Risk Assessment 4
Pneumatic Safety Valves Safety Function 4
Safety Function Requirements 4
Functional Safety Description 5
Bill of Material 5
Setup and Wiring 5
Configuration 7
Calculation of the Performance Level 15
Verification and Validation Plan 17
Additional Resources 20
Pneumatic Safety Valves Safety Function
Activities including installation, adjustments, putting into service, use, assembly, disassembly, and maintenance are
required to be carried out by suitably trained personnel in accordance with applicable code of practice.
If this equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer, the protection provided by the equipment may
be impaired.
In no event will Rockwell Automation, Inc. be responsible or liable for indirect or consequential damages resulting from
the use or application of this equipment.
The examples and diagrams in this manual are included solely for illustrative purposes. Because of the many variables and
requirements associated with any particular installation, Rockwell Automation, Inc. cannot assume responsibility or
liability for actual use based on the examples and diagrams.
No patent liability is assumed by Rockwell Automation, Inc. with respect to use of information, circuits, equipment, or
software described in this manual.
Reproduction of the contents of this manual, in whole or in part, without written permission of Rockwell Automation,
Inc., is prohibited.
Throughout this manual, when necessary, we use notes to make you aware of safety considerations.
WARNING: Identifies information about practices or circumstances that can cause an explosion in a hazardous environment, which may lead to personal
injury or death, property damage, or economic loss.
ATTENTION: Identifies information about practices or circumstances that can lead to personal injury or death, property damage, or economic loss.
Attentions help you identify a hazard, avoid a hazard, and recognize the consequence.
IMPORTANT Identifies information that is critical for successful application and understanding of the product.
SHOCK HAZARD: Labels may be on or inside the equipment, for example, a drive or motor, to alert people that dangerous voltage may be present.
BURN HAZARD: Labels may be on or inside the equipment, for example, a drive or motor, to alert people that surfaces may reach dangerous temperatures.
ARC FLASH HAZARD: Labels may be on or inside the equipment, for example, a motor control center, to alert people to potential Arc Flash. Arc Flash will
cause severe injury or death. Wear proper Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Follow ALL Regulatory requirements for safe work practices and for
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).
IMPORTANT This application example is for advanced users and assumes that you are trained and experienced in safety system requirements.
ATTENTION: Perform a risk assessment to make sure that all task and hazard combinations have been identified and addressed. The risk assessment can require
additional circuitry to reduce the risk to a tolerable level. Safety circuits must consider safety distance calculations, which are not part of the scope of this
document.
ATTENTION: While safety distance or access time calculations are beyond the scope of this document, compliant safety circuits must often consider a safety
distance or access time calculation.
Non-separating safeguards provide no physical barrier to prevent access to a hazard. Publications that offer guidance for
calculating compliant safety distances for safety systems that use non-separating safeguards, such as light curtains,
scanners, two-hand controls, or safety mats, include the following:
EN ISO 13855:2010 (Safety of Machinery – Positioning of safeguards with respect to the approach speeds of
parts of the human body)
EN ISO 13857:2008 (Safety of Machinery - Safety distances to prevent hazardous zones being reached by upper
and lower limbs
ANSI B11:19 2010 (Machines – Performance Criteria for Safeguarding)
Separating safeguards monitor a moveable, physical barrier that guards access to a hazard. Publications that offer
guidance for calculating compliant access times for safety systems that use separating safeguards, such as gates with limit
switches or interlocks (including SensaGuard™ switches), include the following:
EN ISO 14119:2013 (Safety of Machinery – Interlocking devices associated with guards - Principles for design
and selection)
EN ISO 13855:2010 (Safety of Machinery – Positioning of safeguards with respect to the approach speeds of
parts of the human body)
EN ISO 13857:2008 (Safety of Machinery - Safety distances to prevent hazardous zones being reached by upper
and lower limbs
ANSI B11:19 2010 (Machines – Performance Criteria for Safeguarding)
Introduction
This safety application technique explains how to wire, configure, and program a Compact GuardLogix controller and
POINT Guard I/O™ module to monitor a dual-channel E-stop device. If the E-stop is actuated, or a fault is detected in
the monitoring circuit, the GuardLogix® controller de-energizes the final control device, in this case, a DM2® pneumatic
safety valve from ROSS Controls.
This example uses a Compact GuardLogix controller, but is applicable to any GuardLogix controller. The Safety
Integrity Software Tool for the Evaluation of Machine Applications (SISTEMA) software calculations that are shown
later in this document must be recalculated if different products are used.
The safety function in this application technique meets or exceeds the requirements for Category 3, Performance Level d
(CAT. 3, PLd), per ISO 13849-1 and control reliable operation per ANSI B11.19.
Bill of Material
This application technique uses these products.
System Overview
The 1734-IB8S input module monitors the inputs from the E-stops, which are connected in series.
The 1734-IB8S module can source the 24V DC for all input channels to dynamically test the signal wiring for shorts to
24V DC and channel-to-channel shorts. If a fault occurs, either or both channels are set to low (0), and the controller
reacts by dropping out the pneumatic safety valve. Only after the fault is cleared and the Reset button is pressed and
released does the function block reset.
Shorts to 0V DC (and wire off ) are seen as an open circuit by the 1734-IB8S input module, and the controller reacts by
dropping out the pneumatic safety valve. If the inputs remain discrepant for longer than the discrepancy time, then the
function block in the controller safety task declares a fault. Only after the fault is cleared, and the Reset button is pressed
and released, does the function block reset.
The final control device is a pneumatic safety valve that is controlled by a 1734-OB8S output module. A feedback circuit
is wired through the normally-open contact and back to an input of the 1734-IB8S module to monitor the pneumatic
safety valve for proper operation. The pneumatic safety valve cannot restart if the feedback circuit is not in the correct
state.
The maximum output current is 1 A for each output point of the 1734-OB8S module.
The system has individual Reset buttons for resetting faults and safety outputs. The Reset buttons and the pneumatic
safety valve Ready to Run (N.O. Contacts) and Fault Indicator (N.C. Contacts) are all wired to the 1734-IB8S module
in this example. This configuration is not required for functional safety. These four inputs can be wired to a standard
input module.
Electrical Schematic
PB2
Fault Reset
PB1
Reset
Air Supply
DM2
Pneumatic
Safety Valve
Pin 1: Common
Pin 2: Normally Closed
Pin 3: Normally Open
Pin 4: Not Used
Air to System
Pins 1 and 3 are connected when air pressure is present and the valve is Ready to Run.
If a fault has occurred or pressure is removed from the valve inlet, pins 1 and 2 are connected.
In the event of a fault, remove power from the pilot solenoids (A and B) momentarily, and apply power to the Reset
solenoid to return the valve to Return To Run state. Wait at least 250 ms after removing power from the reset solenoid
before trying to re-energize the pilot solenoids.
Configuration
The Compact GuardLogix controller is configured by using RSLogix 5000® software, version 18 or later. You must first
create a project and add the I/O modules. Then, configure the I/O modules for the correct input and output types. A
detailed description of each step is beyond the scope of this document. Knowledge of the RSLogix™ programming
environment is assumed.
3. In the Controller Organizer, add the 1768-ENBT module to the 1768 bus.
4. In the Select Module dialog box, select the 1768-ENBT module, and click OK.
7. In the Select Module dialog box, select the 1734-AENT adapter, and click OK.
Chassis size is the number of modules that are inserted in the chassis. The 1734-AENT adapter is considered to be
in slot 0, so for one input and one output module, the chassis size is 3.
10. In the Controller Organizer, right-click the PointIO 3 Slot Chassis adapter and choose New Module.
11. Expand Safety, select the 1734-IB8S module, and click OK.
12. In the New Module dialog box, name the device CellGuard_1 and click Change.
13. When the Module Definition dialog box opens, change the Output Data to None verify that the Input Status is
Combined Status-Power, and click OK.
Setting the output data to None means that you cannot use the Test Outputs as standard outputs, which is
appropriate in this example. This configuration saves one controller connection, because we are using only the
input connection.
14. Close the Module Properties dialog box by clicking OK.
15. Repeat steps 10…14 to add the 1734-OB8S safety output module.
16. Name the module OB8S.
17. Choose slot 2.
18. In the Module Definition dialog box, set the Input Status to Combined Status-Readback-Power.
1. In the Controller Organizer, right-click the 1734-IB8S module and choose Properties.
2. Click Input Configuration and configure the module as shown.
4. Click OK.
5. In the Controller Organizer, right-click the 1734-OB8S module and choose Properties.
7. Click OK.
Programming
The Dual Channel Input Stop (DCS) instruction monitors dual-input safety devices, for example, an E-stop, light
curtain, or safety gate, whose main function is to stop a machine safely. This instruction can energize the output only
when both safety inputs (Channels A and B) are in the active state, as determined by the input type parameter, and the
correct reset actions are implemented. The DCS instruction monitors the dual-input channels for consistency
(Equivalent- Active High) and detects and traps faults when the inconsistency is detected for longer than the configured
discrepancy time (ms).
The Configurable Redundant Output (CROUT) instruction controls and monitors redundant outputs. The reaction
time for output feedback is configurable. The instruction supports positive and negative feedback signals.
The safety application code in the safety output routine prevents outputs from restarting if the input channel resets
automatically, which provides anti-tiedown functionality for the circuit reset.
DCS
1 Dual Channel Input Stop
DCS Zone1_EStop_1 O1
Safety Function EMERGENCY STOP
Input Type EQUIVALENT - ACTIVE HIGH FP
Discrepancy Time (Msec) 500
Restart Type AUTOMATIC
Cold Start Type AUTOMATIC
Channel A AENT:1:I.Pt00Data
0
Channel B AENT:1:I.Pt01Data
0
Input Status AENT:1:I.CombinedInputStatus
0
Reset Cmd_Zone1_FaultReset
<AENT:1:I.Pt05Data>
0
Zone1_EStop_1.O1 Sts_Zone1_EStop_1_InputOK
2
Reset Valve_ResetSolenoid
<AENT:1:I.Pt04Data> Sts_Zone1_EStop_1_InputOK <AENT:2:O.Pt02Data>
3
TOF
Timer Off Delay EN
Timer Reenergize_Delay
Preset 250 DN
Accum 0
Cmd_Zone1_OutputEnable
CROUT
5 Configurable Redundant Output
CROUT Zone1_Valve O1
Feedback Type POSITIVE
Feedback Reaction Time (Msec) 500 O2
Actuate Cmd_Zone1_OutputEnable
0 FP
Feedback 1 AENT:1:I.Pt07Data
0
Feedback 2 AENT:1:I.Pt07Data
0
Input Status AENT:1:I.CombinedInputStatus
0
Output Status AENT:2:I.CombinedOutputStatus
0
Reset Cmd_Zone1_FaultReset
<AENT:1:I.Pt05Data>
0
AENT:2:O.Pt01Data
(End)
ISO 13849-1 stipulates that instruction reset functions must occur on falling edge signals. To comply with this
requirement, add a One Shot Falling (OSF) instruction to the rung immediately preceding the
Cmd_Zone1_OutputEnable rung. Then, use the OSF instruction Output Bit tag as the reset bit for the following rung.
The Cmd_Zone1_OutputEnable is then used in the Enable the CROUT instruction. Modify the reset code as shown.
Reset
<AENT:1:I.Pt04Data> OSF
3 One Shot Falling
Storage Bit Wrk_Zon1_SafetyReset_ONF SB
Output Bit Wrk_Zon1_SafetyReset_FallingEdge OB
Valve_ResetSolenoid
Wrk_Zon1_SafetyReset_FallingEdge Sts_Zone1_EStop_1_InputOK <AENT:2:O.Pt02Data>
4
TOF
Timer Off Delay EN
Timer Reenergize_Delay
Preset 250 DN
Accum 0
When modeled in SISTEMA software, each safety E-stop string is treated as an individual safety function and can be
modeled as follows. This diagram shows one E-stop safety function.
E-stop 11
E-stop DM2C
DM2C
S1
S1 Solenoid AA
Solenoid
Fault 1734-IB8S
Fault 1734-IB8S 1768-L43S
1768-L43S 1734-OB8S
1734-OB8S
Exclusion
Exclusion
E-stop 11
E-stop DM2C
DM2C
S2
S2 Solenoid BB
Solenoid
Subsystem 1 1
Subsystem Subsystem 2 2
Subsystem Subsystem 3 3
Subsystem Subsystem 4 4
Subsystem Subsystem 5 5
Subsystem Subsystem 6 6
Subsystem
The SISTEMA calculations confirm that the proposed safety functions are capable of achieving the required level of
protection CAT. 3, PLd.
The SISTEMA results for the E-stop 1 safety function are shown in the graphic. All three E-stop safety functions are
identical.
The Fault Exclusion (green) had no effect on the calculations. The CAT. 3, PL d, and DCavg 60% were manually entered
to reflect the effect of the E-stops wired in series.
Because the E-stops are electromechanical devices, certain data must be considered, including the following:
• Mean Time to Failure, dangerous (MTTFd)
• Diagnostic Coverage (DCavg)
• Common Cause Failure (CCF)
SISTEMA calculates the MTTFd by using B10d data provided in the Rockwell Automation® SISTEMA library for the
E-stops along with the estimated frequency of use, entered during the creation of the SISTEMA project. This example
presumes that the E-stops are operated or tested at least once a month, for a total of 12 times a year.
The DCavg (60%) for the E-stops was entered manually to take into account that the E-stops are connected in series.
Masking, due to series connection, reduces the ability of the system to detect faults, the Diagnostic Coverage.
Additionally, because the E-stops are electromechanical devices where one mechanical actuator controls two channels,
fault exclusion must be considered when calculating the safety ratings. A fault exclusion subsystem is added to SISTEMA
to reflect this fact.
EN-ISO 13849-2:2012, Annex D, allows a fault exclusion for mechanical aspects (in this case one actuator operating two
channels) of emergency stop devices in accordance with IEC 60947-5-5. The estimated maximum number of E-stop
operations (12 per year) is not excessive. Thus the fault exclusion itself must have no effect on the category or
performance level that is achieved by the E-stop safety functions, yet must be included. When added to the SISTEMA
project, the category and performance level of the fault exclusion subsystem were manually entered as Category 4 and
Performance Level e, the highest levels of the other subsystems in the safety function, so that it would have no effect on
the overall calculation.
The measures against Common Cause Failure (CCF) are calculated using the scoring process outlined in Annex F of ISO
13849-1. For the purpose of the PL calculation, the required score of 65, that is needed to fulfill the CCF requirement, is
entered directly. The complete CCF scoring process must be done when implementing an actual safety system.
The functional safety data for the DM2C Safety solenoid valve is taken from the product literature and is entered directly
into the DM2C subsystem of the SISTEMA safety functions:
• PL = PLe
• PFH = 7.7E-9
• CAT. = CAT. 4
Verification is an analysis of the resulting safety control system. The Performance Level (PL) of the safety control system
is calculated to confirm that the system meets the required Performance Level (PLr) specified. The SISTEMA software
is typically used to perform the calculations and assist with satisfying the requirements of ISO 13849-1.
Validation is a functional test of the safety control system to demonstrate that the system meets the specified
requirements of the safety function. The safety control system is tested to confirm that all safety-related outputs respond
appropriately to their corresponding safety-related inputs. The functional test includes normal operating conditions and
potential fault injection of failure modes. A checklist is typically used to document the validation of the safety control
system.
Validation of software development is the process in which similar methodologies and techniques that are used in
hardware development are deployed. Faults that are created through poor software development processes and
procedures are systemic in nature rather than faults associated with hardware, which are considered as random.
Before validating the GuardLogix safety system, confirm that the safety system and safety application program have been
designed in accordance with the GuardLogix Controller Systems Safety Reference Manual, publication 1756-RM093,
and the GuardLogix Safety Application Instruction Set Safety Reference Manual, publication 1756-RM095.
Additional Resources
These documents contain more information about related products from Rockwell Automation.
Resource Description
Provides information on how to configure, operate, and maintain Compact GuardLogix
Compact GuardLogix Controllers User Manual, publication 1768-UM002 controllers.
Provides information on how to install, configure, and operate POINT Guard I/O
Point Guard I/O Safety Modules Installation User Manual, publication 1734-UM013 modules.
Contains detailed requirements for how to achieve and maintain safety ratings with the
GuardLogix Controller Systems Safety Reference Manual, publication 1756-RM093 GuardLogix 5560 or 1768 Compact GuardLogix controller system.
Describes the Rockwell Automation GuardLogix Safety Application Instruction Set.
GuardLogix Safety Application Instruction Set Safety Reference Manual, publication Provides instructions on how to design, program, or troubleshoot safety applications
1756-RM095 that use GuardLogix controllers.
Describes the GuardLogix 5570 and Compact GuardLogix 5370 controller systems.
GuardLogix 5570 and Compact GuardLogix 5370 Controller Systems Safety Reference Provides instructions on how to develop, operate, or maintain a GuardLogix controller-
Manual, publication 1756-RM099 based safety system that uses the Studio 5000 Logix Designer application.
Provides a step-by-step guide on how to use the design, programming, and diagnostic
Safety Accelerator Toolkit Quick Start, publication IASIMP-QS005 tools in the Safety Accelerator Toolkit.
Provides information about the products and services that are offered by ROSS Controls,
ROSS Controls website, http://www.rosscontrols.com along with details about the industries and applications in which the products are used.
Also provides access to product support and literature
Industrial Automation Wiring and Grounding Guidelines, publication 1770-4.1 Provides general guidelines on how to install a Rockwell Automation industrial system.
Safety Products Catalog, publication S117-CA001
Website http://www.rockwellautomation.com/rockwellautomation/catalogs/ Provides information about Rockwell Automation safety products.
overview.page
Product Certifications website, http://www.rockwellautomation.com/global/ Provides declarations of conformity, certificates, and other certification details.
certification/overview.page
Notes:
Product Compatibility and Download Center Get help determining how products interact, check
features and capabilities, and find associated www.rockwellautomation.com/global/support/pcdc.page
(PCDC) firmware.
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Allen-Bradley, CompactLogix, GuardLogix, LISTEN. THINK. SOLVE, POINT Guard I/O, POINT I/O, RSLogix, RSLogix 5000, Rockwell Automation, Rockwell Software, SensaGuard, and Stratix 2000 are trademarks of Rockwell Automation, Inc.
DM2 is a trademark of ROSS Controls.
CIP Safety and EtherNet/IP are trademarks of ODVA, Inc.
Trademarks not belonging to Rockwell Automation are property of their respective companies.
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