Soal latihan pada topik : Electric potential and capacitor

Thread 3-1: verifikasi jawabab setiap soal PG berikut (10 soal)

1. An electron moves from point i to point f, in the direction of a uniform electric field. During
this placement:

A) the work done by the field is positive and the potential energy of the electron-field system
increases
B) the work done by the field is negative and the potential energy of the electron-field system
increases
C) the work done by the field is positive and the potential energy of the electron-field system
decreases
D) the work done by the field is negative and the potential energy of the electron-field system
decreases
E) the work done by the field is positive and the potential energy of the electron-field system
does not change

Ans: B
Difficulty: E
If the work done by the field is negative and the potential energy of the electron-field system
increases

2. A hollow conductor is positively charged. A small uncharged metal ball is lowered by a silk
thread through a small opening in the top of the conductor and allowed to touch its inner surface.
After the ball is removed, it will have:
A) a positive charge
B) a negative charge
C) no appreciable charge
D) a charge whose sign depends on what part of the inner surface it touched
E) a charge whose sign depends on where the small hole is located in the conductor

Ans: C
Difficulty: E
The charge distributes evenly over the outer surface of the sphere. The inner surface, on the
other hand, stays free of charge, since it would mean that some charge carriers come closer to
others against the repelling force. The situation does not change if you touch with the metal
ball on the inside. The charge will not flow to the inside, since this would bring the charges
closer together, while they always have the tendency to move away from each other. So the
uncharged ball remains uncharged.

3. If 500 J of work are required to carry a 40-C charge from one point to another, the potential
difference between these two points is:
A) 12.5 V

Schlumberger-Private
B) 20,000 V
C) 0.08 V
D) depends on the path
E) none of these

Ans: A
Difficulty: M
Used the equation V=W/q inorder to solve for the charge.
Plugged in the numbers to get 40= (500)/X
X = 12.5 V

4. The equipotential surfaces associated with a charged point particle are:

A) radially outward from the particle
B) vertical planes
C) horizontal planes
D) concentric spheres centered at the particle
E) concentric cylinders with the particle on the axis

Ans: D
Difficulty: E
For a point charge,the magnitude of electric potential is inversely proportional to the distance
from the point charge(hope you are aware of this fact).In such a set up, potential will change
only when we change the distance. So if you can manage to find a surface at which all points
are equidistant from the point charge then that will be an equipotential surface for that point
charge.

It is expected that now you'll be able to find such a surface on your own. You have studied
enough of locus since std. X that you will be able to find out the figure.

One more thing. The word concentric is used to refer to two or more figures which have the
same centre. There's nothing like a concentric sphere.

5. The electric potential in a certain region of space is given by V = –7.5x2 + 3x, where V is in
volts and x is in meters. In this region the equipotential surfaces are:
A) planes parallel to the x axis
B) planes parallel to the yz plane
C) concentric spheres centered at the origin
D) concentric cylinders with the x axis as the cylinder axis
E) unknown unless the charge is given

Ans: B
Difficulty: E
6. Positive charge is distributed uniformly throughout a non-conducting sphere. The highest
electric potential occurs:
A) at the center
B) at the surface

Schlumberger-Private
C) halfway between the center and surface
D) just outside the surface
E) far from the sphere

Ans: A
Difficulty: M
The electric potential at the surface of a nonconducting sphere (containing a positive charge
distributed uniformly throughout its volume) is expressed as:

Vsurface = kQ / R
Where:
-Q is the positive charge distributed uniformly throughout the volume of the sphere.
- k is the coulomb's force constant.
- R is the radius of the sphere.
The electric potential at the center of a nonconducting sphere (containing a positive charge
distributed uniformly throughout its volume ) is expressed as:
V center =3 /2 (kQ/R)
= 3 /2 Vsurface

From the equation the highest potential electric at the center of the sphere.

7. A total charge of 7  10–8 C is uniformly distributed throughout a non-conducting sphere with

a radius of 5 cm. The electric potential at the surface, relative to the potential far away, is about:
A) –1.3  104 V
B) 1.3  104 V
C) 7.0  105 V
D) –6.3  104 V
E) 0

Ans: B
Difficulty: M
8. The electric field in a region around the origin is given by where C is a constant. The
equipotential surfaces are:
A) concentric cylinders with axes along the z axis
B) concentric cylinders with axes along the x axis
C) concentric spheres centered at the origin
D) planes parallel to the xy plane
E) planes parallel to the yz plane

Ans: A
Difficulty: M
9. Eight identical spherical raindrops are each at a potential V, relative to the potential far away.
They coalesce to make one spherical raindrop whose potential is:
A) V/8
B) V/2
C) 2V

Schlumberger-Private
D) 4V
E) 8V

Ans: D
Difficulty: M
One way to approach this problem is to use a textbook formula for the capacitance of an
isolated sphere

C = 4 pi epsilon0 R, where R is the radius of the sphere. Also recall that q = C V

Putting these together, an expression for the charge, q, on each of the eight droplets is seen to
be
q = 4 pi epsilon0 r V where r is the radius of the droplet.
Switching to the raindrop, the charge will be Q = 8 q and the radius will be 2 r.

This latter because an eight fold increase in volume leads to a doubling of radius.
This means that the capacitance of the raindrop is 8 pi epsilon0 r and it will have a charge of
32 pi epsilon0 r V
The potential of the raindrop is then the ratio of this charge to the capacitance of the
raindrop.

This works out to be (32/4) V = 4 V

10. A particle with charge q is to be brought from far away to a point near an electric dipole. No
work is done if the final position of the particle is on:
A) the line through the charges of the dipole
B) a line that is perpendicular to the dipole moment
C) a line that makes an angle of 45 with the dipole moment
D) a line that makes an angle of 30 with the dipole moment
E) none of the above

Ans: B
Difficulty: E

Schlumberger-Private