Mathematics in The Modern World: The Real Number System

Mathematics in the
Modern World
Mr. Julius O. Saministrado, LPT
The REAL NUMBER

SYSTEM
Intended Learning
Outcomes:
1. Identify the different
subsets of the real number system
2. Give examples to each subset of
the real number system
3. Know when to use each real
number correctly
4.use the properties of real numbers correctly
REAL NUMBERS-
Examples of Real Numbers
• 1
• 2 -9
•
2
51
• 3 5.25
5
4
2 .3 3 3 3
The Real Number
System
Subset:
A. Rational Numbers
B. Irrational Numbers
The Real Number
System
RATIONAL NUMBERS-consists
of integers, terminating and
repeating decimals. It can
also be expressed as a
fraction.
The Real Number
System
EXAMPLES of RATIONAL NUMBERS
3.5
.5
1 .75
2 16 4
5
8 8.83333
6
The Real Number
System
RATIONAL NUMBERS INCLUDES:
n 1. INTEGERS -
The Real Number
System
The Real Number System
Rational Numbers
The Real Number System
The Real Number
System
Examples of Irrational Numbers
.001, .0011, .00111, .001111…etc
4 .2 5 8 3 7 5 4 7 9 8 4 ...
pi
2
The Real Number
System
Real Numbers
Rational Numbers Irrational

Numbers
Terminating Repeating
Integers
Decimals Decimals Non-Terminating
And
Whole Non-Repeating
Negative #’s
Numbers Decimals
Natural #’s Zero

Your time to SHINE...
• 1. Differentiate the following:
a. natural numbers and whole
numbers
b. rational numbers and irrational
numbers
Your time to SHINE...
• Identify the following whether:
a. rational b. irrational
1. -7 rational
2. The value of pi irrational
3. 1.3333... rational
4. 777 rational
5. 1/3 rational
6. irrational
8
rational
7. 1.2332315
8. 3 .2 5 rational
16 rational
9.
10. 1.2332315... irrational
Properties of Real Numbers
• Definition of Terms
• Equivalent Expression – Two algebraic
expressions are equivalent if they have the
same value for all values of the variable(s).
– Expressions that look different, but are
equal.
– The Properties of Real Numbers can be
used to show expressions that are
equivalent for all real numbers.
• Properties refer to rules that indicate a standard
procedure or method to be followed.
• A proof is a demonstration of the truth of a
statement in mathematics.
• Properties or rules in mathematics are the result
from testing the truth or validity of something by
experiment or trial to establish a proof.
• Therefore every mathematical problem from the
easiest to the more complex can be solved by
following step by step procedures that are identified
as mathematical properties.
• Commutative and Associative Properties
• Commutative Property – changing the order in
which you add or multiply numbers does not
change the sum or product.
• Associative Property – changing the grouping of
numbers when adding or multiplying does not
change their sum or product.
• Grouping symbols are typically parentheses (),but
can include brackets [] or Braces {}.
{[()]}
• Commutative Properties
- Commutative Property of Addition (order)
for any numbers a and b, a + b = b + a
ex: 7 + 4 = 4 + 7
11 = 11
- Commutative Property of Multiplication (order)
for any real numbers a and b, (a)(b) = (b)(a)
ex: (7)(4) = (4)(7)
28 = 28
• Associative Properties
• Associative Property of Addition (groupings)
- for any real numbers a, b and c,
(a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
ex: (3 + 4) + 5 = 3 + (4 + 5)
7 + 5= 3 +9
12 = 12
• Associative Properties
• Associative Property of Multiplication (groupings)

-for any real numbers a, b and c,
(a * b) * c = a * (b * c)
ex: (3*4) * 5 = 3 * (4 * 5)
12 * 5 = 3 * 20
60 = 60
• Distributive Property:
for any real numbers a, b, and c;
a( b + c ) = ab + ac
Ex: 1. 3( 4 + 5 ) = 3(4) + 3(5)
3(9) = 12 + 15
27 = 27
• 2. 4(x + 5) = 4(x) + 4(5)
4x + 20 = 4x + 20
3. 2( 2x - 7) = 2(2x) - 2(7)
4x - 14 = 4x - 14
• Name the property that is illustrated in each equation.

• 1. 3x + 4x = 4x + 3x Commutative Property of
Addition
• 2. 5 * ( 3*6) = (5*3) * 6 Associative Property of
Multiplication
• 3. 4 + (6 + 7) = (4 + 6) + 7 Associative Property of
Addition
4. 5(3x-3) = 5(3x) - 5(3) Distributive Property
or = 5(3x) + 5 (-3)
5. 2x + 5x -2y = 5x -2y + 2x Commutative Property
• Identity and Inverse Properties
-Additive Identity Property

-Multiplicative Identity Property
-Multiplicative Property of Zero
-Multiplicative Inverse Property
• Additive Identity Property
For any number a, a + 0 = a.
The sum of any number and zero is equal to
that number.
The number zero is called the additive
identity or the identity element for addition.
If a = 8 then 8 + 0 = 8
• Multiplicative Identity Property
For any number a, a * 1 = a.
The product of any number and one is equal
to that number.
The number one is called the multiplicative
identity or the identity element for
multiplication.
If a = 6 then 6 * 1 = 6
• Multiplicative Property of Zero
For any number a, a * 0 = 0.

The product of any number and zero is equal
to zero.
If a = 6, then 6 * 0 = 0
• Multiplicative Inverse Property
• for any number a/b; a and b are real numbers
and b ≠ 0, then b/a is the multiplicative
inverse of a/b.
Two numbers whose product is 1 are called
multiplicative inverses or reciprocals.
Zero has no reciprocal because any number
times 0 is 0.
Identity and Inverse Properties
Property Words Algebra Numbers
Additive Identity The sum of a number and 0,

Property the additive identity, is the
original number.
n+0=n 3+0=0
Multiplicative Identity The product of a number
and 1, (the multiplicative
Property identity) is the original n *1 = n
number.
Additive Inverse The sum of a number and its
Property opposite, or additive inverse,
is 0.
n + (–n) = 0 5 + (–5) = 0
Multiplicative Inverse The product of a nonzero
number and its reciprocal,
Property or multiplicative inverse, is
1.

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Mathematics in the

The REAL NUMBER

.001, .0011, .00111, .001111…etc

Rational Numbers Irrational

Natural #’s Zero

• Associative Property of Multiplication (groupings)

• Name the property that is illustrated in each equation.

-Additive Identity Property

For any number a, a * 0 = 0.

Additive Identity The sum of a number and 0,

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