1

Second Quarter-Module 1
Install network cables

Writer: Gina B. Manglinong

Illustrator: Jee-Jay B. Canillo
Cover Illustrator: Christopher E. Mercado

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What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the installing network cable. The scope of this module permits it to be used
in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbook you are now using.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Identify the tools needs in cabling
2. Memorize the straight through LAN cabling sequence
3. Prepare a straight through LAN cabling

What I Know
You will be challenged to dig deeper into your prior knowledge and previous
experiences about assemble of computer hardware. This phase will guide you in
assessing yourself by answering questions and many other types of evaluation for
you to further explore the basics of computer system servicing.

Listed below are some of the most important skills that you must gain in order to
render quality service when you enter the real world of Computer System Servicing.
Read the skills carefully. Then write “Not much”, if you are not really familiar, “A
little” and “A lot”, if you are familiar with the skill. Feel free to answer each skill. Write
your answers on the space provided.

Skills in Installing Network Cable Not A A lot

Much little
1.I know straight through
2 I know cross over cabling
3. I know UTP
4. I know crimping tool
5. I know LAN stripper
6. I know LAN tester
7. I know fiber optic cable
8. I know coaxial cable

9 I know cat5

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10. I know networking cable

Lesson Plan cable routes in

1 accordance with network
design and actual installation
site
In this lesson, you will learn the cable types are available. How do cables work
the different cables used in networking, and the steps of connecting cables.

What is It

As an aspiring computer technician, it is very important to know the different

components of a computer system. These are the different types of cable used in
networking. The characteristics of cables Describe how UTP cables are made.
Explain how UTP cables are used in Ethernet networks. Demonstrate the ability
to make a working patch cable. Name the two wiring standards used for wired
Ethernet networks and their use

What I Need to Know

Safety Procedures

To avoid accidents and injury to any person or harm to any item in a work
area, it is important to maintain secure working condition. New employees and
guests need to be told about the necessary safety procedures. You must report any
transgression of the procedures.
As an aspiring computer technician, you should be conscious of any potenti
al workplace threat. It's a mustfollow proper computer equipment handling proced
ures. Failure to obey the specified safety protocols may lead to fines, criminal conv

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ictions and damage to facilities, property owner claims for damage and records, inj
ury or death.
A safe space for work is tidy, structured, and welllit. The proper disposal or r
ecycling of dangerous computing components must be done. Be sure to obey laws t
hat regulate how particular objects are disposed of. There can be legal repercussio
ns when a company breaches these regulations.
To keep you safe, this module provides the general and fire safety guidelines
that protects the technician and the equipment.

General Safety Guidelines

Follow the basic safety guidelines to prevent cuts, burns, electrical shock, and
damage to eyesight. As a best practice, make sure that a fire extinguisher and first
aid kit are available in case of fire or injury. Here are some general safety guidelines:
• Remove your watch or any other jewelry and keep clothing tight.
• Switching off the power and unplug equipment before opening the case and
servicing the case.
• Cover any rough edges inside the computer case with tape.
• Never open a power supply or a monitor.
• Do not touch areas in printers that are hot or those which use high voltage.
• Know where the fire extinguisher is placed and learn how to use it.
• Know where the package for first aid is kept. Keep the office tidy and clutter
free.
• Keep food and drinks out of your workspace.
• Keep the office tidy and clutter free.
• Lift large items with a solid brace on the leg to prevent back injury.

Fire Safety Guidelines

To protect equipment and lives, obey fire protection instructions. Before start
ing a repair, turn the computer off and unplug it to prevent damage to the compute
r or electrical shock to the technician. Fire can spread easily, and is very expensive.
Proper use of a fire extinguisher may avoid
getting out of reach of a small fire. When dealing with computer parts, always take
into account the probability of an accidental fire and prepare how to react. If there is
a fire, you should follow these safety procedures:
• Always have a planned fire escape route before beginning any work.
• Never fight a fire that is out of control or not contained.
• Get out of the building quickly in case of an out-of-control fire.
• Contact emergency services immediately for help.
an accidental fire and prepare how to react. If there is a fire, you should follow
these safety procedures:

Networking cables: Defined

Networking cables are networking hardware used to connect one network
device to other network devices or to connect two or more computers to
share printers, scanners etc.

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Coaxial cables form a transmission line and confine the electromagnetic

wave inside the cable between the center conductor and the shield.

Twisted pair cabling is a form of wiring in which pairs of wires (the forward
and return conductors of a single circuit) are twisted together for the
purposes of canceling out electromagnetic interference (EMI) from other wire
pairs and from external sources. This type of cable is used for home and
corporate Ethernet networks. Twisted pair cabling is used in short patch
cables and in the longer runs in structured cabling.

An optical fiber cable consists of a center glass core surrounded by several

layers of protective material. Optical fiber deployment is more expensive than
copper but offers higher bandwidth and can
cover longer distances.[2] There are two major
types of optical fiber cables: shorter-
range multi-mode fiber and long-
range single-mode fiber.

What is It
Common network cable types:
Coaxial cable

Unshielded twisted pair

Fiber optic

Coaxial Cable

Overview:
➢ Was the foundation of Ethernet networks in 1970s – replaced by newer twisted
pair and fiber cable
➢ Has a single or multiple copper strands at its center – protected by PVC or
Teflon insulation
➢ Protected and grounded via metallic shield (“braiding”)
➢ Protected from physical damage by a layer of dielectric insulator (“sheath”) on
the outside
Allows relatively long segments and highly resistant to noise – more expensive and
less convenient to handl

RG-6:

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➢ Contains an 18 AWG conducting

copper core with an impedance
of 75 ohms – thick and not
flexible
➢ Used for delivering cable TV and
Internet service over long
distances to residential areas –
not used for LANs

RG-8 (“Thicknet”, “10Base5”):

➢ Contains an 10 AWG conducting copper
core with an impedance of 50 ohms – very
thick and inconvenient
➢ Allowed throughput up 10 Mbps with a
maximum segment length of 500 m
➢ Used within first baseband (Ethernet) data
networks

RG-58 (“Thinnet”, “10Base2 Cable”):

➢ Contains a 24 AWG conducting
copper core with an impedance of
50 ohms – thin and quite flexible
➢ Allowed throughput up 10 Mbps
with a maximum segment length
of 185 m
➢ Entirely replaced the 10Base5
cable within baseband data
networks – popular in mid-80s
and 90s

RG-59:
➢ Contains a 20 or 22 AWG
conducting copper core with an
impedance of 75 ohms – thin and
quite flexible
➢ Allowed throughput up 10 Mbps
with a maximum segment length
of 185 m
➢ Used for delivering video signals
for short distances
➢ Less expensive than RG-6 but
suffers from attenuation

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Coaxial Cable Termination

Overview:
➢ Necessary to avoid bouncing of the signal off the cable’s ends – accomplished
by using connectors or special terminators with the same impedance as the
cable used
➢ Two common types – F-type and BNC
F-Connector:
➢ Suitable for cables with a solid metal core – becomes the pin in the center of
the connector (used in RG-6)
➢ Mounted on a cable by crimping or compression – both male and female
connectors are threaded and screw together like a nut and bolt assembly

F-Connector (continued):

Male female

Bayonet Neill-Concelman (BNC) Connector:

➢ Mounted on a cable by crimping, compression, or twisting – connects to
another BNC connector via a turning and locking mechanism (“bayonet
coupling”)
➢ Male connector uses its own conducting pin – not the core of the cable like F-
type ones
➢ Commonly used with RG-59 cable

Male female

BNC Connector (continued):

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TIA/EIA Twisted Pair Categories

UTP characteristics:

- Unshielded
- Twisted (why?) pairs of
insulated conductors
- Covered by insulating sheath

Overview:
Carries color-coded pairs of insulated copper wires
Wires in each pair are twisted around each other – from 1 to 4200 pairs depending
on the cable type
Inexpensive, flexible, easy to install
Twist ratio – the number of twists per meter – measures resistance to crosstalk
Higher twist ratio leads to lesser crosstalk but requires more cable – increases
attenuation and raises the cost
➢ Uses a variety of twist ratios, pair numbers, copper grades, shielding types,
etc.
➢ The TIA/EIA 568 standard defines categories – CAT5, CAT6, or CAT7 TP cable
is needed for modern LANs
➢ Comes in two types – shielded and unshielded

Shielded (STP):
➢ Shielding prevents external EM forces from distorting the signal traveling in
the wires
➢ Each pair in individually insulated and surrounded by metallic shielding
➢ Grounded shielding enhances its protective effects

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➢ Noise, shielding material, quality, and symmetry, and grounding affect the
protection provided

Unshielded (UTP):
➢ Employs no shielding – contains insulated wire pairs encased in a plastic
sheath only
➢ Provides acceptable resistance to and less expensive than STP – widely used
on computer networks

Cat5e cable :
- 1000Mbps data capacity
- For runs of up to 90 meters
- Solid core cable ideal for structural installations (PVC or Plenum)
- Stranded cable ideal for patch cables
- Terminated with RJ-45 connector
- RJ45 connector :

STP vs. UTP:

➢ Provide same levels of throughput – from 10 Mbps to 10Gbps – depending on
quality and type
➢ STP is more expensive since uses more materials, is less common, and
required more expensive installation due to grounding
➢ High-grade UTP is priced similarly to mid-grade STP

TIA/EIA Twisted Pair Categories

CAT3:
➢ Contains four wire pairs
➢ Provides 10 Mbps throughput and 16 MHz bandwidth
➢ Limits segment length to 100 m (330 ft)
➢ Widely used in VoIP networks
CAT4:
➢ Provides 10 Mbps throughput and 20 MHz bandwidth
➢ Carries better interference protection than CAT3
Both are replaced by newer UTP categories

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CAT5:
➢ Contains four wire pairs
➢ Provides 100 Mbps throughput and 100 MHz
bandwidth
➢ Limits the length of each segment to 100 m
(330 ft)
➢ Connects to a NIC via an RJ-45 connector
➢ Uses 118 twists per meter (3 per inch) on
average
➢ Was produced in large quantities – still widely
available
➢ Inexpensive, effective, popular

CAT5e:
➢ A version of CAT 5 cable with high-
quality copper
➢ Contains four wire pairs
➢ Has higher twist ratios
➢ Incorporates better cross-talk
reduction methods
➢ Provides 350 MHz bandwidth
➢ Allows 350/100 m segments at
100/1000 Mbps
➢ Inexpensive – widely used within 1
Gbps networks

CAT6:
➢ Contains four wire pairs, each wrapped
in foil insulation
➢ Additional insulation covers the bundle
of four pairs
➢ Carries fire-resistant plastic sheath on
the outside
➢ Resistant to crosstalk
➢ 250 MHz bandwidth provides up to 10
Gbps throughput
➢ Allows 100 m (300 ft) long or 37 m (120
ft) long segments (for up to 1 Gbps or 10 Gbps, respectively)
➢ Uses newer GG-45 connectors
➢ Widely used in modern 1 Gbps networks

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CAT6e:
➢ A higher-grade version of CAT6 cable
➢ Further reduces attenuation and
crosstalk
➢ Allows longer segment lengths – up
to 100 m at 10 Gbps
➢ Provides 550 MHz bandwidth
➢ Requires GG-45 connectors
➢ De Facto standard on modern
networks

CAT7:
➢ Contains increased
amount of shielding
➢ Larger, heavier, less
flexible
➢ Has 600 MHz bandwidth
➢ Provides 10 Gbps
throughput on up to 100
m (330 ft) segment
length, with large margin
➢ Requires GG-45
connectors
➢ De Facto standard on
modern backbone
networks
CAT7a:
➢ In theory – 1 GHz, 40/100 Gbps at up to 50/15 m
➢ Currently under development

Twisted Pair Termination

Overview:
➢ Proper termination is required on both ends
➢ Poor termination leads to a data loss or a noise
➢ TP cable is automatically terminated when RJ-45 and GG-45 jacks are
crimped onto it
➢ Two TIA/EIA standards exist for inserting the cable into jacks – 568A and
568B
➢ Any of the two standard can be used – the same one should be used on the
entire network
➢ TP patch cable – sold in stores as premade, terminated, tested, and packaged
cable
Straight-Through:
➢ Implies same TIA/EIA standard used on both ends
➢ Wires aren’t twisted end-to-end
➢ Used for connecting a PC to a hub or a switch
Crossover:

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➢ Implies using TIA/EIA 568A standard on one end and TIA/EIA 568B standard
on another end
➢ Used for connecting two workstations or two network devices directly

Crossover

Making connections –
Tools :
- Cat5e cable

- RJ45 connectors

- Cable strippe5

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- Crimping tool

Steps Making connections –

1. Strip cable end
2. Untwist wire ends
3. Arrange wires
4. Trim wires to size
5. Attach connector
6. Check
7. Crimp
8. Test

Step 1 – Strip cable end :

- Strip 1 – 1½” of insulating sheath
- Avoid cutting into conductor insulation

Step 2 – Untwist wire ends:

- Sort wires by insulation colors

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Step 3 – Arrange wires :

- TIA/EIA 568A: GW-G OW-Bl BlW-O BrW-Br
- TIA/EIA 568B: OW-O GW-Bl BlW-G BrW-Br

Step 4 – Trim wires to size :

- Trim all wires evenly
- Leave about ½” of wires exposed
-

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Step 5 – Attach connector :

Maintai wire order, left-to-right, with RJ45 tab
facing downwardStep 6 – Check :
- Do all wires extend to end?
- Is sheath well inside connector?

Step 7 – Crimp :
- Squeeze firmly to crimp
connecter onto cable end
(8P)

Step 8 – Test :
- Does the cable work?

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Fiber Optic Cable

Layered Structure:
➢ Inner core – glass or plastic fibers at the center that carry laser pulses or an
LED light used for data transmission
➢ Cladding – a layer of plastic or glass around the fibers that reflects the light
back to the core
➢ Plastic buffer – an
opaque layer that
protects the cladding
and the core and
absorbs any light that
escapes
➢ Strands of Kevlar – a
polymeric fiber that
surrounds the plastic
buffer and prevents
stretching and damaging
➢ Plastic sheath –
providing the overall
cable protection

Single-Mode Fiber (SMF):

➢ Uses narrow core – less than 10 microns in diameter
➢ Propagates light without reflections – causes no dispersion and no significant
energy loss
➢ Provides the highest bandwidth of all media and allows the longest distance
without requiring repeaters
➢ Allows 60 km (37 mi) long segments at 10 Gbps
➢ Good for connecting large networks together
➢ The most expensive networking medium
➢ Suitable for WANs

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Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF):

➢ Uses wider core – from 50 to 115 microns in diameter, with 62.5 microns
being most common size
➢ Multiple laser or LED pulses are sent over the fiber at different angles
➢ Allows 300 m (910 ft) long segments at 10 Gbps, 550 m (1670 ft) at 1 Gbps,
and 2 km (6060 ft) at 100 Mbps
➢ Used for connecting network devices to a backbone
➢ Suitable for both LANs and WANs

Write down the color code for straight-through cabling. Write your answer on the
space provided.

1.______________________
2. .______________________
3. .______________________
4. .______________________
5. .______________________
6. .______________________
7. .______________________
8..______________________

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In our new situation, what are the things we already use before but we value more
now a days to protect our self from virus Write your answer on the space provided.
____1.____________________________________________________________________________
____2.____________________________________________________________________________
____3____________________________________________________________________________
____4____________________________________________________________________________
____5____________________________________________________________________________

Assessment
Self-Check 1.1
Rearrange the following procedures in their proper order. Use numbers (1-8) to
indicate their order of precedence.

.______________________Crimp
.______________________Strip cable end
.______________________Test
.______________________Untwist wire ends
.______________________Trim wires to size
.______________________Check
.______________________Arrange wires
.______________________Attach connector

What’s More
Self check 2.2
Identify and named the following pictures. Write your answer on the space provided.

1. ______________________

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2. ______________________

3. .______________________

4. .______________________

5. .______________________

6. .______________________

Activities Additional
Offline Activities
1. Create a song that will last for 1 minutes, using the straight through and
crossover code as the lyrics of the song

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2. General Directions: Get a partner to perform the next activity. Identify

whether each statement is true or false. Gather picture evidences that
make it true or false. On the third column, show the effects of not
following the safety precautions through a picture presentation.

Example:
Turn off the power and unplug equipment before opening the case and
performing service.

Answer Picture Presentation

Evidence Effect

True

TRUE OR EVIDENCE Effect

FALSE
1. Clean, ordered and
well-lit work place.

2. One must unplug the

power from the
source prior to
opening the case
and performing
services.
3. It is best practice in
the workplace to
have a fire
extinguisher and
first aid kit
available.
4. You are required to
open a monitor or a
power supply.
5. You should eat it
inside the lab.

Online Activities
1. Choose an OPM song that you have created, prepare a simple dance that
will last for 2-3 minutes using any tik tok music. Send your video to my
messenger.

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Assessment
7
1
8
2
4
6
8
5

What’s more
1. fiber optic cable
2. wire Stripper
3. UTP
4 LAN Tester
5 coaxial cable
6 Crimping tool

TLE – Computer Hardware Servicing

(depedbataan.com/resources/9/k_to_12_entrep-based_pc_hardware_servicing_lear
ning_module.pdf)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Networking_cables

Development Team of the Module

Writer: ARNEIL A. PAGATPATAN (NHS)

Editors:
Bernie Riñon (TLE Coor.-BNHS)
Uriel B. Teodoro (School Head-SNNHS)
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Internal Reviewer: Joseph T. Santos (EPS-EPP/TLE) External Reviewer:
Illustrator: Arneil A. Pagatpatan (NHS) Layout Artist: Jee-
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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division Office - Marikina City

Email Address: [email protected]

191 Shoe Ave., Sta. Elena, Marikina City, 1800, Philippines

Telefax: (02) 682 - 2472 / 682 - 3989

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