GFMJ User Manual Baterías
GFMJ User Manual Baterías
GFMJ User Manual Baterías
8VHU¶VManual
The product meets the design require ments of environme ntal protection and
personal safety. The storage, usage and discard of this product s hall conform to the
requirements of product manual, related contract or laws and codes of relative country.
Since the product and the technology are being improved and perfected continually,
the contents in the document won't be complete consistent with the practical product,
sorry for the inconvenience.
For the latest data update of product, please dial our telephone.
ii
FAX˖0523-8912370
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or E-mail to gjpt@chinashoto.com. Reward will be provided for valuable opinion.
Data name 2V Series VRLA Gel Battery (OPzV) M anual
Product
reversion V5.0 Data version 2013-03
Battery installation time
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Preface
Manual description
2V series VRLA gel battery (OPzV) is the battery product from Shuangdeng Group. 2V
Series VRLA Gel Battery (OPzV) Manual is the technical data attached to battery,
Please read the the manual carefully in advance before installing, operating or
maintaining the battery.
Introduction
2V Series VRLA Gel Battery (OPzV) Manual will introduce the technical parameters,
principle, installation size, installation method and daily maintenance of battery.
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parameters, principle, installation size and method, and daily maintenance of battery.
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Operation and Maintenance.
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Indices, Operation Environment, Specification and Primary Parameters of 6-GFMJ
Battery.
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Operating Principle of Battery.
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on Some Models.
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Method.
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precautions for transportation and storage.
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Characteristic and Service Life Characteristic.
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Supply Grid Service Life Characteristic, and Specify Warranty of Shuangdeng Battery.
Specification
Four obvious signs are adopted for cautions during the operating process.
1
Content
Chapter 1 Safety Instruction ................................................................................................... 1
Abstract.................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Instructions.......................................................................................................................... 1
2
5.1.2 Charge........................................................................................................................26
5.1.3 Capacity Detection.......................................................................................................27
5.1.4 Discharge....................................................................................................................28
5.1.5 Parameter of Switch Supply ..........................................................................................28
5.1.6 Requirements for Application with Power Cut .................................................................29
5.2 Routine Maintenance ...........................................................................................................30
5.3 Troubleshooting ..................................................................................................................32
Table Content
3
Table 1 Safety symbols and meaning.......................................................................................... 1
4
Figure Content
Figure 1 Meaning of 2V-200 gel battery ..................................................................................... 4
Figure 18 equalizing charge voltage, current and capacity corresponding time at different discharge
depth .............................................................................................................................40
Figure 20 Relation between discharge depth and cycle service life of 2V series battery....................41
Figure 22 Relation between discharge capacity factor and discharge time (20ć) ............................42
Figure 24 Relation between charge voltage and ambient temperature (20ć) ..................................43
5
Figure 25 Relation between self-discharge and temperature (20ć) ...............................................44
Figure B.7 -1 Relation between open circuit voltage and residual capacity (20ć)...........................44
Figure 26 Relation between open circuit voltage and residual capacity ..........................................44
6
Chapter 1 Safety Instruction
Abstract
This Chapter describes the safety instructions for battery installation, operation and
maintenance.
1.1 Overview
Before any operation of the equipment, please read carefully all the safety instructions in this
manual to avoid personal injury or equipment damaged. The safety instructions are shown in 䭉䈟!
Җㆮ㠚ᕅ⭘ᰐ᭸DŽ.
1.2 Instructions
Observe the local safety codes and related operation procedures during installation, operation
and maintenance of the equipment to avoid personal injury or equipment damage. The safety
precautions mentioned in the manual only serve as a supplement to the local safety codes.
Shuangdeng Group bears no liability to the consequences incurred by violation of the general
safety operation requirements, or violation o f the designing, manufacturing and using the
equipment.
1ˊThe battery pack has high voltage, so direct contact or indirect contact through wet objects
with any conducting cable may result in vital injury. The battery pack is energy- storage
equipment, so never short-circuit the battery pack during operation and maintenance in any
way.
1
2ˊDo not wear any watch, hand chain, bracelet, ring and other conductive objects during
operation.
3ˊOnly qualified and professional personnel are allowed to install, operate and ma intain the
equipment.
Do use special tool, instead of common or your own tools during electrical connections.
In addition, keep the tools in good insulation condition (e.g. wrap insulating tape around the
bare metal parts) before using them to avoid short circuit and personal injury caused by tools
contact with any live objects.
Use batteries of the same model. Using batteries of different model will damage the
equipment.
6ˊFire hazard.
During battery installation, make sure to fix the connecting terminals of the conducting
wire tight, and keep the output terminals of the batteries clean. Otherwise, it may lead to a high
temperature of battery terminals and even to spark/fire.
7ˊOperation provisions.
Substandard operations will cause danger. Prevent battery short circuit and prevent battery
electrolyte from flowing out. Overflowed electrolyte is a latent danger and it will erode the
metal object and circuit board, thus damaging the equipment and causing short circuit of
circuit board.
Battery should be kept from ignition source, orga nic solvent and exposure to sunlight.
Environment temperature of battery in the same pack shall be the same.
3
Chapter 2 Features and Specifications
Abstract
This Chapter introduces model definition, features and specifications of 2V Series Gel VRLA
battery.
GFMJ-200
പᇊර䰰᧗ᔿᇶሱ 仍ᇊ䗃ࠪᇩ䟿&10
VRLA stationary gel battery Rated output capacity is C10
㜦փ䫵䞨㫴⭥⊐ অսѪ$K
Unit is Ah
Figure 1 M eaning of 2V-200 gel battery
4
z Eco-friendly (almost no acid fume)
2.3 Name of 2V Gel Battery Appearance
The appearance is shown, taken 2V-1000 for instance, in Figure 2.
2.4 Specifications
The specifications of 2V series batteries are listed in Table 2.
5
GFMJ-1000 2 1000 2 233 210 645 677 77.0
GFMJ-1200 2 1200 2 275 210 645 677 91.0
GFMJ-1500 2 1500 2 340 210 645 677 111.0
*GFMJ-1500B 2 1500 2 275 210 795 827 111.0
GFMJ-2000 2 2000 3 399 214 772 804 154.5
GFMJ-2500 2 2500 4 487 212 772 804 186.5
GFMJ-3000 2 3000 4 576 212 772 804 222.0
Note: Output terminal is M10 screw hole. the product with * can be only available after being ordered in
advance.
Internal
Model Conductance (S) Short-Circuit Current (A)
5HVLVWDQFHPȍ
6
GFMJ-1200 3783 0.24 8314
7
Chapter 3 Structure and Principle
Abstract
This Chapter introduces structure and operating principle of 2V gel series battery.
3.1 Appearance
2V gel battery consist of positive and negative plate, separator, terminal post, safety valve, shell, special gel
electrolyte and accessories. The appearance is shown in Figure 3
Electrolyte: The primary material is gas silicon dioxide from Germa ny. The active material of
positive/negative plate can react evenly and sufficiently because of the thin sol state electrolyte
filling all the space of the battery initially. Battery working under high temperature and
over-charged can avoid dry up via the flooded electrolyte design. Thermal runaway can be avoided
for the higher thermal capacity and the better heat-elimination performance. The electrolyte which
is the gel state in the finished battery is no leakage and delaminating phenomenon.
8
Plate: Positive plate adopts tubular type plate which can effectively prevent active substance
falling, the positive plate frame is molded with multi-component alloy. Multi-component alloy has
especial crystal particle, better corrosion-proof performance and longer service life. Negative plate
adopts pasted plate with radiated structure which enhances utilization ratio of active substance,
high current discharge performance and charge acceptance performance.
Separator: Battery equipped with micro-pore PVC-SiO2 separator from Europe AMER-SIL
Company has low internal resistance and larger electrolyte storage space.
Terminal sealing: The terminals are made of copper cores with large diameter, so the
terminals have large current-carrying capacity and low internal resistance. The unique double
sealing structure of terminal post can effectively avoid leakage, to guarantee reliability of terminal
post sealing.
Safety valve: The safety valve with constant open/close pressure from Germany technology
can prevent the electrolyte dry-out.
3.3 Operating Principle
1. Chemical reaction of charging/discharging.
Discharge
Charge
Figure 4 Chemical reaction of charging and discharging
Discharge: PbO 2 on positive and spongy lead(Pb) on negative plate react with H2 SO4 to
produce PbSO 4 , and the concentration of H2 SO 4 in electrolyte is reduced.
Charge: The oxidation-reduction reaction of PbSO4 produces PbO2 and spongy lead (Pb), and
the concentration of H2 SO4 in electrolyte is increased.
9
2V gel battery adopts unique gel electrolyte technology. The silicon gel which exists a lot tiny
gaps (gas passage) is three-dimension multi-cellular structure. Oxygen goes through gas passage to
the negative plate and combined with spongy lead(Pb) to produce PbO.
2PbˇO2 ĺ2PbO
PbO is alkalescence oxide and will combine with H2 SO4 in electrolyte to produce PbSO 4 .
O2 +4Hˇ+4e - ĺ2H O 2
During charging, the water wasted on positive plate will be compensated by the water produce
RQQHJDWLYH SODWH VRWKHUH¶V QRQHHGWRSRur water, which makes battery easy to maintain.
10
Chapter 4 Installation
Abstract
This Chapter introduces installation instructions, including installation precautions,
installation mode, installation procedure, and installation diagrams.
2ˊ The sea level height can't exceed 4000m (when it's used above 4000m, it shall be
described in order).
3ˊ The battery should be dept in a dry, clean and ventilated environment free from radiation,
organic solvent, corrosive gas, flammable article, fire and exposure to sunlight. Ultraviolet ray
level is not more than 2 degree.
4ˊ Be free from rolling, being thrown, bump, exposure to sunshine and rain and any animals.
And insulation resistance is not less than ȍ
4.2 Precautions
1κ The product batch of different battery pack will be probably different, so prohibit any
ex-change among pack. Please install and use battery in accordance with the number on
package label. If you install the batteries with different pack, we'll be unable to guarantee any
previous promise.
2κ The battery temperature compensation probe shall be set on the side surface between two
batteries.
3κ Ventilation hole of heater or air conditioner and calorific part of switch power supply
should not be towards the battery. The temperature difference of various parts of the battery
11
should be kept no more than 3ć. It is recommended to use an infrared thermal detector to
detect the temperature of battery parts.
4κ The battery can be installed into shelf or cabinet. The distance between batteries shall be
not less than 20mm. If the battery is installed in a storied building, the load requirements
should be inquired from the construction department. Where anti-quake intensity is more than
7 degree, a quakeproof shelf should be used and it should be fixed with ground bolt in order to
diffuse the stress.
5κ Gel battery have been filled with electrolyte and charged before delivery, therefore,
during installation and transportation, please handle the battery with care. Non-professional
VWDIIFDQ
WEHRSHQHGWKHVDIHW\YDOYH0DNHVXUHWKDWVDIHW\YDOYHLVQ¶WORRVHQHGDQGWKDWW here
is no short circuit.
6κ The battery pack should be installed near the load and cables (if special connecting wire
bar between batteries is required, it shall be put forward before supply). Copper busbars and
connecting wires should meet the requirements in order to avoid excessive line drop. Voltage
drops of multiple parallel lines should be kept consistent with each other as much as possible.
Fuse should be equipped for each battery pack.
7κ The voltage of battery pack is high voltage, so it involves a danger of electric shock.
Please use insulated tool and wear protective gloves when assembling and disassembling cable,
copper bar and connecting wire.
8κ During installation, connection terminals of cables, copper busbars and battery output end
should be kept clean and connected tightly. Otherwise, it will lead to a high temperature of
terminal and even to spark/fire. Stainless steel bolts, tinned copper busbars, flat washer are
used to interconnect batteries. The bolts should be fastened tightly (torque is about 25N·m).
9κ The battery shall be connected according to requirement, one, several or whole group
battery shall be free from short circuit without load.
10κ If the loaded cable has been placed in advance, please notice the output position of
battery pack and the terminal output direction of positive and negative when it's installed.
12
11κ The battery shall be used in multiple parallel lines, the positive terminal of each line is
connected with positive terminal of equipment, and negative terminal of each is connected
with negative terminal of equipment. Can not connect battery positive with equipment
negative!
13κ Battery shall be equipped with external circuit short circuit prevention fuse (fuse
protector).
Caution:
If the standard installation mode can't be adopted due to space, foundation carrying, output
voltage or other factors, you can dial our telephone to acquire non-standard solution.
Foundation
System dimension System total weight System floor space
Specification and model installation size
˄L×W×H˅ ˄Kg˅ ˄m2˅
˄L×W˅
48V200AH single-layer
1679.5×513×416 747×274 474 0.80
double-row mounting rack
48V250AH single-layer
1931.5×513×416 873×274 584 0.92
double-row mounting rack
48V300AH single-layer
2183.5×513×416 999×274 682 1.05
double-row mounting rack
48V350AH single-layer
1931.5×513×532 873×274 730 0.92
double-row mounting rack
48V420AH single-layer
2183.5×513×532 999×274 864 1.05
double-row mounting rack
13
48V490AH single-layer
double-row mounting rack 2435.5×513×532 1125×274 986 1.17
48V600AH single-layer
2183.5×513×707 999×274 1193 1.05
double-row mounting rack
48V800AH single-layer
3063×483×707 1389×230 1602 1.34
double-row mounting rack
48V1000AH single-layer
3063×567×707 1389×314 1975 1.59
double-row mounting rack
48V1200AH single-layer
3063×651×707 1389×398 2319 1.83
double-row mounting rack
48V1500AH˄A˅ single-layer
3063×781×707 1389×528 2825 2.21
double-row mounting rack
48V3000AH single-layer
3087×1318×834 1401×484 5645 3.80
double-row mounting rack
System dimension Foundation installation size System total System floor space
Specification and model
˄L×W×H˅ ˄L×W˅ weight˄Kg˅ ˄m2˅
14
48V600AH double-layer 967×543
double-row mounting rack 1130.5×593×1597 1207 0.62
48V2000AH double-layer
1668×950×1881 3907 1.35
double-row mounting rack 1483×296
48V2500AH double-layer
1656×1126×1881 1471×384 4841 1.60
double-row mounting rack
48V3000AH double-layer
1656×1304×1881 1471×473 5711 1.87
double-row mounting rack
2ˊ The random data includes packing list. Check batteries, installation shelf and their
components according to related document (the spare part list or general installation drawing).
The following installation steps can be taken as reference.
3ˊ Connect the seat with lower carrying base plate with screw (washer).
5ˊ Connect the stop lever with seat with screw (washer) (it can't be reverse).
6ˊ The fixed part is connected to the seat with screw and tightened.
15
8ˊ Tighten each connecting bolt and confirm the support is combined well.
9ˊ Lift the combined empty support to the prepared place and confirm the specific
installation site, positive and negative output end position and direction of support in
accordance with power transmission bus bar (or cable) position, length, width and height
direction and peripheral facilities (position can be confirmed according to the size in this
Manual, practical product will be more precise).
10ˊ Make sign at the position of support foundation bolt hole, and move support after being
confirmed correctly. Make foundation bolt hole with punch drill or power hammer.
11ˊ Connect the terminal of the monitors to the support and fix it well.
12ˊ After installation is correct, disassemble the stop lever of lifting battery (this stop lever
shall be installed after battery is installed).
13ˊ Install the output terminal component (or insulated support) of support and fix it well.
14ˊ In accordance with installation drawing, install the battery in support, note the battery
position and distance between batteries (battery spacer block shall be installed if necessary).
Note:
The position, positive and negative direction of the first top-carriage battery shall be
specially noted, the positive and negative position and direction of output end can be
confirmed according to the position, positive and negative direction of the first top-carriage
battery. To avoid tolerance of the positive and negative position and the direction of battery
output end and that of prepared one.
15ˊ Connect the matchable connecting wires to the battery and output terminal component
(or wire clip) with bolts. Pay attention to the color between battery connector and battery
terminal to avoid short circuit.
16ˊ After battery is installed, use voltmeter to measure the voltage of the positive and
negative terminal which shall be more than 48V (48V system), elsewise it shall check whether
short circuit exists. After battery is installed well, paste the battery number serial code.
16
17ˊ Install the battery end voltage monitor onto the support and fix it well.
18ˊ Connect the terminal of the monitors to the terminals of the output copper busbar
correspondingly.
19ˊ Measure the voltage of each battery one by one with the monitor and voltmeter, keep a
record and analyze the data. Make sure that all cables are connected correctly in well contact.
21ˊ Clean batteries and rack with soft cloth carefully, and clean up the installation site.
22ˊ Set relevant parameters of switching power supply according to this Manual (refer to
Chapter 5, if battery is used for other different application sites such as solar energy system,
please dial telephone to acquire specific parameter design).After the battery is installed
correctly, switch power on and start the following related working procedures.
Note:
17
H
L
513
18
2. Installation in single-layer vertical rack/cabinet for 48V800AH~48V1500AH
FIGURE 6 INSTALLATION IN SINGLE-LAYER VERTICAL RACK/CABINET FOR 48V800AH~48V1500AH
3063
834
3111
964
19
4. Installation in single-layer vertical rack/cabinet for 48V2500AH~48V3000AH
FIGURE 8 INSTALLATION IN SINGLE-LAYER VERTICAL RACK/CABINET FOR 48V2500~48V3000AH
834
3087
B
2V-2500/48V 2V-3000/48V
B 1140 1318
593 L
20
2V-200/48V 2V-250/48V 2V-300/48V 2V-350/48V 2V-420/48V 2V-490/48V 2V-600/48V
B 1635
21
7. Installation in double-layer vertical rack/cabinet for 48V2000AH
FIGURE 11 INSTALLATION IN DOUBLE-LAYER VERTICAL RACK/CABINET FOR 48V2000AH
1881
950
1668
1881
1656
22
2V-2500/48V 2V-3000/48V
B 1126 1304
Serial Qualified or
Inspection items
number not
Check carefully positive and negative polarity. The total voltage
1 Ƒ<HV Ƒ1R
between positive and negative output terminal is more than 48V
The terminal voltage of each cell battery is between 2.1V and Ƒ<HV Ƒ1R
2
2.2V
If the battery is multiple parallel lines, one battery output positive
should connect with another battery output positive, one battery
3 Ƒ<HV Ƒ1R
output positive should connect with another battery output
positive.
The positive polarity of battery is connected to the positive polarity
4 of charger, and the negative polarity of battery is connected to the Ƒ<HV Ƒ1R
negative polarity of charger.
All bolts, nuts and screws are fastened tightly and properly with Ƒ<HV Ƒ1R
5
no lack of flat washers and springs washer.
The vertical obliquity of the vertical cabinet/rack should be less
6 Ƒ<HV Ƒ1R
than 5ć.
All batteries are clean and neat free from filth or any redundant Ƒ<HV Ƒ1R
7
material.
8 There is no appearance damage for batteries. Ƒ<HV Ƒ1R
9 There is no loosened and damaged for safety valve. Ƒ<HV Ƒ1R
All battery are clean and neat free from filth or any redundant
10 Ƒ<HV Ƒ1R
material.
The equalizing/float charging current of the battery pack is Ƒ<HV Ƒ1R
11
normal.
The resistance between output terminal and mounting rack is
12 Ƒ<HV Ƒ1R
normal
13 Other items Ƒ<HV Ƒ1R
23
14 Ƒ<HV Ƒ1R
15 Ƒ<HV Ƒ1R
16 Ƒ<HV Ƒ1R
17 Ƒ<HV Ƒ1R
18 Ƒ<HV Ƒ1R
24
Chapter 5 Operation and Maintenance
Abstract
This Chapter introduces operation and maintenance of 2V gel battery.
5.1 Operation
5.1.1 Precautions
1ˊ Shuangdeng group bears no liability to the consequences incurred by biolation user
operation and equipment parameter setting.
2ˊ When the equalizing charge current of battery is reduced to 20mA/Ah or the surface
temperature of battery is above 45ć, the equalizing charge will be turned into floating
charge immediately, and the maximum duration of continual equalizing charge shall not
exceed 12 hours.
3ˊ Alter floating charge voltage and equalizing charge voltage according to temperature.
Please select voltage according to the following two tables. Battery will be probably
damaged and even shortened the service life if use the wrong parameter floating charge
voltage and equalizing charge voltage.
4ˊ Alter floating charge voltage and equalizing charge vo ltage according to discharge
current. Please select voltage according to the following two tables. Battery will be
probably damaged and even shortened the service life if use the wrong parameter floating
charge voltage and equalizing charge voltage. Be careful especially in the high voltage
(220V) UPS system.
25
9ˊ Batteries should be charged periodically during a long storage period.
10ˊ Batteries should not serve as a power supply if they are not recharged after
accidental discharge.
5.1.2 Charge
1ˊ There are two charge modes for batteries: float charge and equalizd charge.
z Float charge: when battery has been fully charged, the charging will not stop
charging and will be still charging battery with a constant float charge voltage
and small float charge current. The battery will be discharged naturally if the
charger stops working. Float charge serves to the supplement the energy loss.
z Equalizing charge: the charger charges battery in a short time with set charge
current and set charge time. During battery maintenance, equalizing charge is
usually used. The charge mode is helpful to activate the chemical characteristics
of battery.
2ˊ Charge Parameters.
3ˊ Equalizing Charge
z During service, the batteries will switch to equalizing charging mode when the
float charging voltage of single battery is less than 2.18V. The equalizing charge
time is within the range: 8hour-10hours. Batteries should be recharged
periodically if power supply is in bad condition and the power is cut frequently.
z Equalizing charge should be done when there is any inferior battery. An inferior
battery refers to a single battery whose final voltage is less than 1.8V a fter
5-hour discharge with a discharging current of 0.10C 10 .
Note: I 10 is the discharge current with the discharge rate of 10h, and I 10 equals 0.10C10. When
batteries are connected in parallel, the rated capacity is the sum of all paralleled batteries.
3. Batteries should be recharged within 8 hours after discharge. The charging mode
will automatically switch to float charging mode when the equalizing current is less
than 10mA/Ah. If the float charging current is 1mA/Ah̚2mA/Ah, and it remains a
27
stable value for 2̚3 hours continuously after equalizing charge switches to float
charge, it indicates that batteries have been fully charged. After that, float charging
mode should last over 24 hours.
5.1.4 Discharge
Three methods can be adopted to control discharge depth.
1ˊ To control discharge depth by discharge time: The product of discharge time and
load current should be no more than 0.80C10(Ah).
The 1st shut-down voltage and 2nd shut-down voltage are shown in Table
Other related parameters of switch power supply should be set following 䭉䈟!Җㆮ㠚
ᕅ⭘ᰐ᭸DŽ
Note: 1. When the ambient temperature is out of the range: 20ć~30ć, the floating charge
voltage and the equalizing charge voltage should be compensated following Table .
2. Where power supply is in good condition and yearly the temperature is always relatively
high, the equalizing charge voltage of equipment without temperature compensation
function can be set for 2.35 V/cell.
3. Table is applicable for the situation with discharge current being less than 0.1C10 A.
29
2ˊ The float charge time should be no less than 24 hours after equalized charge
switches to float charge and the accumulated discharge capacity for power
failure once is 50%~80% of the rated capacity.
3ˊ The float charge time should be no less than 12 hours after equalized charge
switches to float charge and the accumulated discharge capacity for power failure
for several times is less than 50% of the rated capacity.
Requirement
Period Item Description M aintenance
and Base Value
The total voltage
Total float To detect the total voltage of the equals the product of Correct the deviation and adjust
charging voltage battery pack. cell voltage and it to the base value.
M onth batteries number.
To check battery case and plate for
Battery The appearance Troubleshoot and replace faulty
electrolyte flowing out, expansion
appearance should be neat. parts if necessary.
and damage.
30
Requirement
Period Item Description M aintenance
and Base Value
To check whether it is free from The appearance Use wet cloth to clean the
dust and filth. should be clean. appearance.
To check the vertical installation ,I WKHUH¶V DQ\ UXVW UHPRYH WKH
They should be all
rack/cabinet, connecting cable, rust, replace connecting cables,
free from rust.
positive/negative terminal for rust. and spread antirust on them.
To check whether bolts and nuts Bolts and nuts should
Connection Fasten the loosened bolts or nuts.
are tight. be fastened tightly.
AC power can switch
DC power To cut AC power and to switch to
to DC power Correct the possible deviation.
switching DC power.
smoothly.
If it is beyond the base value,
The float charging discharge battery, switch to
Floating voltage with equalizing charge, and then
To detect the voltage of each
Quarter charging voltage temperature switch to float charge. Check it
single.
of single battery compensation is for 1̚2 months, and replace
±240mV . battery in time if it is still beyond
the base value.
Recharge battery in time if the
To cut AC power and discharge discharge time is less than 8
The total discharge
battery with discharge current of hours. After that, if the discharge
Year Discharge test time should be over
0.1C10A and with final voltage set time is still less 8hours, it
8h
1.80V/cell. indicates that battery service life
ends.
Note: 1. If average floating charge voltage difference is more than +0.8V or -0.4V, or the temperature
difference of battery surface is more than 5°C, please consult the service mechanism of dealer .
2ˊThere is voltage difference for new gel battery containing more gel quantity. There is no
crack to form oxygen recombination channel, so oxygen cycle system hasn't been established.
When the oxygen produced from positive diffuses from high concentration zone of positive
to low concentration zone of negative, little oxygen deoxidize into water. Moreover, when
hydrogen generated from negative, this reaction will be stopped so that negative
over-potential drift (during the initial period of battery operation, the negative potential of
cell is different when battery pack charge, so that there is more voltage difference among
batteries). After operation about 6 months, the floating charge voltage among batteries will
be unified for crack formed to provide oxygen recombination channel, so it's not necessary
to handle voltage difference of new gel battery. In general, the voltage will be gradually even
after operation over 2 years. Shallow discharge can be performed to the battery pack for the
cell owning lower voltage. To observe whether the discharge voltage is also obviously lower,
if it is, please consult the service mechanism of dealer.
31
In order to realize unified floating charge voltage difference of gel battery as soon as
possible, the battery can be charged with 100 hour rate.
5.3 Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting is as Table .
32
Appendix A Selection, Transportation and
Storage
Abstract
This appendix introduces type selection, transportation requirements and storage
requirements.
A.2 Transportation
33
The following aspects shall be followed for battery transportation and lift:
⧟
ᑖ
⭥⊐
A.3 Storage
The storage temperature is 0ć~20ć, and the storage period is usually 3~6 months.
Battery should be charged if its storage time is beyond 3~6 months.
Batteries should be kept in a dry, clean and ventilated environment free from radiation,
organic solvent, corrosive gas, flammable article, fire and exposure to sunlight.
34
Battery should be vertical, the coping of battery cannot suffer pressure, and safety valve
cannot be loosened. Batteries not packed in wooden boxes cannot be piled.
35
Appendix B Technical Characteristics
Abstract
This Appendix introduces technical characteristic of 2V series battery.
8SR˄V˅
12.6
12.0
11.4
10.8
8HR
1HR 2HR 5HR 10HR
10.2
0.01 0.1 0.5 1 2 5 10 20
Discharge time(h)
-37-
Upn(V)
2.2
2.1
200
2.0 200-500
600-1200
1.9 1500
1.8
1.7
1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Kch
Uch(V)
2.2
2.1
2.0
I-1
.0I
10
I-2
1.9 I-3 . 0I 10
I-4 .0I10
.0I
10
1.8
1.7
1.6
1.5
1.4
0 0.5 1.0 1.4 Kch
'LVFKDUJLQJFXUUHQWYDOXH, 10 1.9V
1.2 2.40
Charge Voltage
0.8 2.20 75
0.6 2.10 50
25% DOD
50% DOD
0.4 2.00 75% DOD
25
100% DOD
0.2 1.90 Charge Current
0 1.80
0 4 8 12 16 24 32 40 48
Duration of Charge (h)
Figure 18 equalizing charge voltage, current and capacity corresponding time at different discharge depth
25
20
Expected service life (year)
15
10
-40-
5
0
15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Ambient Temperature (ć)
Relation curves between temperature and serviceLife
Figure 19 Relation between temperature and service life
B.3.2 Relation between discharge depth and cycle service life of 2V battery is shown in
Figure 20.
8000
7000
6000
Cycle service life(time)
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
Discharge depth˄˅ 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Cycle Data 6800 3600 2700 2150 1700 1400 1200 1050 700 550
Figure 20 Relation between discharge depth and cycle service life of 2V series battery
140 120HR
20HR
120
10HR
100 8HR
Capacity (%)
80 -41- 4HR
2HR
60
40
20
-20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50
Figure 21 Relation between discharge capacity and temperature
Kcc
1.20
1.10
1.10
0.90
0.80 1.93V
1.90V
0.70 1.87V
0.60 1.83V
0.50 1.80V
0.40
0.30
0.20
0.10
0
0 0.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 (h)
Figure 22 Relation between discharge capacity factor and discharge time (20ć)
-42-
Kc
1.30
1.20
1.80V
1.10
1.00
1.83V
0.90
0.80
1.87V
0.70
0.60
1.90V
0.50
0.40 1.93V
0.30
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0
1 30 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 600 t(min)
2.60V
2.50V
2.47V
Average charge voltage
2.40V
2.35V
2.305V
2.30V
2.23V
2.20V 2.185V
Float charge voltage
2.10V
-20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C 40°C45°C 50°C
-43-
B.6 Relation between Self-Discharge and Temperature
100
Residual Capacity ˄%˅
80 e
C
e
C
60 e
C
40
e
C e
C
20
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24
Storage Time˄month˅
Figure 25 Relation between self-discharge and temperature (20ć)
2.25
Open circuit voltage ˄V˅
2.20
2.15
2.10
2.05
2.00
1.95
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Discharge degree˄˅
Figure B.7 -1 Relation between open circuit voltage and residual capacity (20ć)
-44-
-45-