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2V Series VRLA Gel Battery (OPzV)

8VHU¶VManual

SHUANGDENG GROUP CO.,LTD.


Statement
The copyright of this docume nt is owned by Jiangsu Shuangdeng Group. Any
reproduction or distribution of this docume nt or any portion of this docume nt, i n any
form by any means, without the prior written consent of Shuangdeng Group is
prohibited.
All rights reserved.

is the registered trade mark of Shuangdeng Group. All company, brand


and product names are trade or service marks, or registered trade or service marks, of
Shuangdeng Group or of their respective owners. Without written approval of
Shuangdeng Group and of the Third Party trade mark or comme rcial name owne r, the
user of this document shall not be granted any license or right to any symbol he rein in
any way.

The product meets the design require ments of environme ntal protection and
personal safety. The storage, usage and discard of this product s hall conform to the
requirements of product manual, related contract or laws and codes of relative country.

The contents of this document, including without limitation policies related to


support or training are subject to change without notice. "All the pictures are only for
reference of function description, and practical product will be final".

Since the product and the technology are being improved and perfected continually,
the contents in the document won't be complete consistent with the practical product,
sorry for the inconvenience.

For the latest data update of product, please dial our telephone.

ii
FAX˖0523-8912370

Feedback Table
Your opinion is great value. It will help us improve the quality of our product document and offer
better service to you. Please fax to 0523-88521244, or send to Shuangdeng Group Co.Ltd. Address:
No.999,Tianmu West Road, Jiangyan Economic Development Zone, Taizhou, Jiangsu ,China. Post: 225500,
or E-mail to gjpt@chinashoto.com. Reward will be provided for valuable opinion.
Data name 2V Series VRLA Gel Battery (OPzV) M anual
Product
reversion V5.0 Data version 2013-03
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Preface
Manual description
2V series VRLA gel battery (OPzV) is the battery product from Shuangdeng Group. 2V
Series VRLA Gel Battery (OPzV) Manual is the technical data attached to battery,
Please read the the manual carefully in advance before installing, operating or
maintaining the battery.

Introduction
2V Series VRLA Gel Battery (OPzV) Manual will introduce the technical parameters,
principle, installation size, installation method and daily maintenance of battery.
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parameters, principle, installation size and method, and daily maintenance of battery.
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Operation and Maintenance.
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Indices, Operation Environment, Specification and Primary Parameters of 6-GFMJ
Battery.
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Operating Principle of Battery.
³&KDSWHU,QVWDOODWLRQ´'HVFULEHV,QVWDOODWLRQ 0RGHDQG0Hthod, Installation Drawing
on Some Models.
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Method.
³$SSHQGL[ $ 6HOHFWLRQ 7UDQVSRUWDWLRQ DQG 6WRUDJH´ 'HVFULEHV W\SH VHOHFWLRQ
precautions for transportation and storage.
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Characteristic and Service Life Characteristic.
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Supply Grid Service Life Characteristic, and Specify Warranty of Shuangdeng Battery.

Specification
Four obvious signs are adopted for cautions during the operating process.

Attention, Caution, Warning, Danger: to prompt


cautions during the operating process.

1
Content
Chapter 1 Safety Instruction ................................................................................................... 1
Abstract.................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Instructions.......................................................................................................................... 1

Chapter 2 Features and Specifications ................................................................................... 4


Abstract.................................................................................................................................... 4
2.1 Model Introduction ............................................................................................................... 4
2.2 Product Advantage ............................................................................................................... 4
2.3 Name of 2V Gel Battery Appearance ...................................................................................... 5
2.4 Specifications ...................................................................................................................... 5
2.5 Internal Resistance, Conductance and Short-Circuit Current ...................................................... 6

Chapter 3 Structure and Principle .......................................................................................... 8


Abstract.................................................................................................................................... 8
3.1 Appearance.......................................................................................................................... 8
3.2 Structure Features................................................................................................................. 8
3.3 Operating Principle............................................................................................................... 9

Chapter 4 Installation ............................................................................................................ 11


Abstract................................................................................................................................... 11
4.1 Check Installation Site ......................................................................................................... 11
4.2 Precautions ......................................................................................................................... 11
4.3 Installation Mode ................................................................................................................13
4.4 Installation Procedures .........................................................................................................15
4.5 Installation Diagram ............................................................................................................17
4.6 Check after Installation ........................................................................................................23

Chapter 5 Operation and Maintenance................................................................................ 25


Abstract...................................................................................................................................25
5.1 Operation ...........................................................................................................................25
5.1.1 Precautions .................................................................................................................25

2
5.1.2 Charge........................................................................................................................26
5.1.3 Capacity Detection.......................................................................................................27
5.1.4 Discharge....................................................................................................................28
5.1.5 Parameter of Switch Supply ..........................................................................................28
5.1.6 Requirements for Application with Power Cut .................................................................29
5.2 Routine Maintenance ...........................................................................................................30
5.3 Troubleshooting ..................................................................................................................32

Appendix A Selection, Transportation and Storage ............................................................ 33


A.1 Type Selection....................................................................................................................33
A.2 Transportation....................................................................................................................33
A.3 Storage..............................................................................................................................34

Appendix B Technical Characte ristics.................................................................................. 37


B.1 Discharge Characteristic ......................................................................................................37
B.1.1 Discharge Characteristic Curve .....................................................................................37
B.1.2 1 Minute Discharge Curve............................................................................................37
B.1.3 Impulse Discharge Curve after 0.5h Continuous Discharge ...............................................38
B.1.4 Impulse Discharge Curve after 1h Continuous Discharge..................................................38
B.1.5 Discharge Final Voltage................................................................................................39
B.2 Charge Characteristic ..........................................................................................................40
B.3 Lifetime Characteristic ........................................................................................................40
B.4 Capacity Characteristic ........................................................................................................41
B.4.1 Relation between Discharge Capacity and Temperature....................................................41
B.4.2 Relation between Discharge Capacity Factor and Discharge Time......................................42
B.4.3 Capacity Conversion Factor Curve ................................................................................42
B.5 Relation between Charge Voltage and Environment Temperature ..............................................43
B.6 Relation between Self-Discharge and Temperature..................................................................44
B.7 Relation between open circuit voltage and residual capacity .....................................................44

Table Content
3
Table 1 Safety symbols and meaning.......................................................................................... 1

Table 2 Technical specifications ................................................................................................ 5

Table 3 Reference data of internal resistance conductance and short-circuit current.......................... 6

Table 4 Installation mode selection for single-layer.....................................................................13

Table 5 Installation mode selection for double-layer....................................................................14

Table 6 List of installation drawings..........................................................................................17

Table 7 Inspection items after installation ..................................................................................23

Table 8 Charge parameters.......................................................................................................26

Table 9 Capacity measurement standard ....................................................................................27

Table 10 FIRST/SECOND SHUT-DOWN VOLTAGE ................................................................28

Table 11 Parameters of switching power supply..........................................................................28

Table 12 PERIODICAL CHECK ITEMS ..................................................................................30

Table 13 List of troubleshooting ...............................................................................................32

Table 14 Recommended voltage with different discharge currents.................................................39

4
Figure Content
Figure 1 Meaning of 2V-200 gel battery ..................................................................................... 4

Figure 2 Name of 2V-1000 battery appearance ............................................................................ 5

Figure 3 Appearance map of 2V gel battery ................................................................................ 8

Figure 4 Chemical reaction of charging and discharging ............................................................... 9

FIGURE 5 Installaion in single-layer vertical rack/cabinet for 48V200AH~48V600AH.................17

FIGURE 6 Installaion in single-layer vertical rack/cabinet for 48V800AH~48V1500AH.................19

FIGURE 7 Installaion in single-layer vertical rack/cabinet for 48V2000AH ...................................19

FIGURE 8 Installaion in single-layer vertical rack/cabinet for48V2500~48V3000AH ...................20

FIGURE 9 Installaion in double-layer vertical rack/cabinet for 48V200AH~48V600AH................20

Figure 10 I Installaion in double-layer vertical rack/cabinet for 48V800AH~48V1500AH ...............21

FIGURE 11 I Installaion in double-layer vertical rack/cabinet for 48V2000AH ..............................22

FIGURE 12 I Installaion in double-layer vertical rack/cabinet for 48V2500AH~48V3000AH ..........22

Figure 13 Drawing of gel battery lift .........................................................................................34

Figure 14 Discharge characteristic curves at different multiplying factors ......................................37

Figure 15 1min discharge curve (20ć) .....................................................................................38

Figure 16 Impulse discharge curve after 0.5h continuous discharge (20ć).....................................38

Figure 17 Impulse discharge curve after 1h continuous discharge (20ć) .......................................39

Figure 18 equalizing charge voltage, current and capacity corresponding time at different discharge
depth .............................................................................................................................40

Figure 19 Relation between temperature and service life .............................................................41

Figure 20 Relation between discharge depth and cycle service life of 2V series battery....................41

Figure 21 Relation between discharge capacity and temperature ...................................................42

Figure 22 Relation between discharge capacity factor and discharge time (20ć) ............................42

Figure 23 Capacity conversion factor curve (20ć) .....................................................................43

Figure 24 Relation between charge voltage and ambient temperature (20ć) ..................................43

5
Figure 25 Relation between self-discharge and temperature (20ć) ...............................................44

Figure B.7 -1 Relation between open circuit voltage and residual capacity (20ć)...........................44

Figure 26 Relation between open circuit voltage and residual capacity ..........................................44

6
Chapter 1 Safety Instruction
Abstract
This Chapter describes the safety instructions for battery installation, operation and
maintenance.

1.1 Overview
Before any operation of the equipment, please read carefully all the safety instructions in this
manual to avoid personal injury or equipment damaged. The safety instructions are shown in 䭉䈟!
Җㆮ㠚ᕅ⭘ᰐ᭸DŽ.

Table 1 Safety symbols and meaning

Safety symbol Meaning


Safety prompt

Electric shock warning

1.2 Instructions
Observe the local safety codes and related operation procedures during installation, operation
and maintenance of the equipment to avoid personal injury or equipment damage. The safety
precautions mentioned in the manual only serve as a supplement to the local safety codes.

Shuangdeng Group bears no liability to the consequences incurred by violation of the general
safety operation requirements, or violation o f the designing, manufacturing and using the
equipment.

1ˊThe battery pack has high voltage, so direct contact or indirect contact through wet objects
with any conducting cable may result in vital injury. The battery pack is energy- storage
equipment, so never short-circuit the battery pack during operation and maintenance in any
way.

1
2ˊDo not wear any watch, hand chain, bracelet, ring and other conductive objects during
operation.

3ˊOnly qualified and professional personnel are allowed to install, operate and ma intain the
equipment.

4ˊRequirement for tools

Do use special tool, instead of common or your own tools during electrical connections.
In addition, keep the tools in good insulation condition (e.g. wrap insulating tape around the
bare metal parts) before using them to avoid short circuit and personal injury caused by tools
contact with any live objects.

5ˊRequirement for battery model

Use batteries of the same model. Using batteries of different model will damage the
equipment.

6ˊFire hazard.

During battery installation, make sure to fix the connecting terminals of the conducting
wire tight, and keep the output terminals of the batteries clean. Otherwise, it may lead to a high
temperature of battery terminals and even to spark/fire.

7ˊOperation provisions.

Before battery operation, read the safety precautions/instructions, and operation


instruction, especially the battery interconnection instruction.

Substandard operations will cause danger. Prevent battery short circuit and prevent battery
electrolyte from flowing out. Overflowed electrolyte is a latent danger and it will erode the
metal object and circuit board, thus damaging the equipment and causing short circuit of
circuit board.

8ˊEnvironment temperature of battery.

Battery should be kept from ignition source, orga nic solvent and exposure to sunlight.
Environment temperature of battery in the same pack shall be the same.

9ˊTransportation and installation of battery.


2
The battery shall not be lifted directly through M8 screw hole. Please read Appendix A
before transportation and installation.

3
Chapter 2 Features and Specifications
Abstract
This Chapter introduces model definition, features and specifications of 2V Series Gel VRLA
battery.

2.1 Model Introduction


2V series VRLA gel battery (hereinafter referred to as 2V gel battery) is produced by
Shuangdeng Group.Rated voltage is 2V.

2V-200 taken as an example, the model definition is shown in Figure 1.

GFMJ-200
പᇊර䰰᧗ᔿᇶሱ 仍ᇊ䗃ࠪᇩ䟿&10
VRLA stationary gel battery Rated output capacity is C10
㜦փ䫵䞨㫴⭥⊐ অսѪ$K
Unit is Ah
Figure 1 M eaning of 2V-200 gel battery

2.2 Product Advantage


z Designed service life of 20 years
z High cycle service life
z Better temperature resistance performance
z Excellent deep cycle performance
z Superior low current discharge performance
z Better high temperature performance
z Stronger constant power discharge capability
z Better charge acceptance capability
z Better safety performance and reliability
z Modular and personified installation design
z High performance price ratio is and low yearly operating cost

4
z Eco-friendly (almost no acid fume)
2.3 Name of 2V Gel Battery Appearance
The appearance is shown, taken 2V-1000 for instance, in Figure 2.

Safety valve Negative terminal

Positive terminal Battery lid

Copper core Battery case

Figure 2 Name of 2V-1000 battery appearance

2.4 Specifications
The specifications of 2V series batteries are listed in Table 2.

Table 2 Technical specifications

Rated Rated Dimension


Number of weight
Model voltage capacity L W h H
Terminal Pair ˄kg˅
˄V˅ ˄Ah˅ ˄mm˅ ˄mm˅˄mm˅ ˄mm˅

GFMJ-200 2 200 1 103 206 354 386 18.2


GFMJ-250 2 250 1 124 206 354 386 21.5
GFMJ-300 2 300 1 145 206 354 386 26.0
GFMJ-350 2 350 1 124 206 470 502 27.5
GFMJ-420 2 420 1 145 206 470 502 32.5
GFMJ-490 2 490 1 166 206 470 502 37.5
GFMJ-600 2 600 1 145 206 645 677 46.5
GFMJ-800 2 800 2 191 210 645 677 62.0

5
GFMJ-1000 2 1000 2 233 210 645 677 77.0
GFMJ-1200 2 1200 2 275 210 645 677 91.0
GFMJ-1500 2 1500 2 340 210 645 677 111.0
*GFMJ-1500B 2 1500 2 275 210 795 827 111.0
GFMJ-2000 2 2000 3 399 214 772 804 154.5
GFMJ-2500 2 2500 4 487 212 772 804 186.5
GFMJ-3000 2 3000 4 576 212 772 804 222.0

Note: Output terminal is M10 screw hole. the product with * can be only available after being ordered in
advance.

2.5 Internal Resistance, Conductance and Short-Circuit Current


Internal resistance and conductance which change with operation temperature and discharge
state are a non-linear dynamic parameter. Internal resistance is in the minimal value and
conductance is in the maximal value when fully charged. Resistance in Table 3 is in accordance
with IEC60896-21/22 Standard. Internal resistance, short-circuit current and conductance are only
for reference. Please read the operating manual of specific instrument before measuring the above
data.

Table 3 Reference data of internal resistance conductance and short-circuit current

Internal
Model Conductance (S) Short-Circuit Current (A)
5HVLVWDQFH Pȍ

GFMJ-200 1345 0.68 2956

GFMJ-250 1463 0.62 3215

GFMJ-300 1928 0.47 4238

GFMJ-350 1959 0.46 4305

GFMJ-420 2161 0.42 4750

GFMJ-490 2364 0.38 5195

GFMJ-600 2596 0.35 5706

GFMJ-800 2865 0.32 6297

GFMJ-1000 3385 0.27 7439

6
GFMJ-1200 3783 0.24 8314

GFMJ-1500 4037 0.23 8873

GFMJ-2000 4051 0.22 8903

GFMJ-2500 4155 0.22 9132

GFMJ-3000 4259 0.21 9360

7
Chapter 3 Structure and Principle
Abstract
This Chapter introduces structure and operating principle of 2V gel series battery.

3.1 Appearance
2V gel battery consist of positive and negative plate, separator, terminal post, safety valve, shell, special gel
electrolyte and accessories. The appearance is shown in Figure 3

*)0-̚*)0- *)0-̚*)0- GFMJ-2000 *)0-̚*)0-

Figure 3 Appearance map of 2V gel battery

3.2 Structure Features


2V gel battery has the following structure features:

Electrolyte: The primary material is gas silicon dioxide from Germa ny. The active material of
positive/negative plate can react evenly and sufficiently because of the thin sol state electrolyte
filling all the space of the battery initially. Battery working under high temperature and
over-charged can avoid dry up via the flooded electrolyte design. Thermal runaway can be avoided
for the higher thermal capacity and the better heat-elimination performance. The electrolyte which
is the gel state in the finished battery is no leakage and delaminating phenomenon.
8
Plate: Positive plate adopts tubular type plate which can effectively prevent active substance
falling, the positive plate frame is molded with multi-component alloy. Multi-component alloy has
especial crystal particle, better corrosion-proof performance and longer service life. Negative plate
adopts pasted plate with radiated structure which enhances utilization ratio of active substance,
high current discharge performance and charge acceptance performance.
Separator: Battery equipped with micro-pore PVC-SiO2 separator from Europe AMER-SIL
Company has low internal resistance and larger electrolyte storage space.
Terminal sealing: The terminals are made of copper cores with large diameter, so the
terminals have large current-carrying capacity and low internal resistance. The unique double
sealing structure of terminal post can effectively avoid leakage, to guarantee reliability of terminal
post sealing.
Safety valve: The safety valve with constant open/close pressure from Germany technology
can prevent the electrolyte dry-out.
3.3 Operating Principle
1. Chemical reaction of charging/discharging.

The chemical reaction of charging/discharging is shown in Figure 3:

Discharge

Charge
Figure 4 Chemical reaction of charging and discharging

Discharge: PbO 2 on positive and spongy lead(Pb) on negative plate react with H2 SO4 to
produce PbSO 4 , and the concentration of H2 SO 4 in electrolyte is reduced.

Charge: The oxidation-reduction reaction of PbSO4 produces PbO2 and spongy lead (Pb), and
the concentration of H2 SO4 in electrolyte is increased.

2. Chemical reaction of the final charging stage


During the end period of charging, when the voltage of battery goes up to a certain value, the
decomposing of water will produce oxygen on the positive plate. The negative grid adopts
high-purity lead-calcium alloy grid which enhances cathode over-potential of hydrogen evolution.

H2 O ĺ2H ˇ1/2O ˇ2e


ˇ
2
-

9
2V gel battery adopts unique gel electrolyte technology. The silicon gel which exists a lot tiny
gaps (gas passage) is three-dimension multi-cellular structure. Oxygen goes through gas passage to
the negative plate and combined with spongy lead(Pb) to produce PbO.

2PbˇO2 ĺ2PbO
PbO is alkalescence oxide and will combine with H2 SO4 in electrolyte to produce PbSO 4 .

PbO+H2 SO4 ĺPbSO +H O 4 2

PbSO 4 will transform to spongy lead by charging.

PbSO4 ˇ2H+ˇ2e - ĺPbˇH SO 2 4

The reaction on the negative plate is:

O2 +4Hˇ+4e - ĺ2H O 2

During charging, the water wasted on positive plate will be compensated by the water produce
RQQHJDWLYH SODWH VRWKHUH¶V QRQHHGWRSRur water, which makes battery easy to maintain.

10
Chapter 4 Installation
Abstract
This Chapter introduces installation instructions, including installation precautions,
installation mode, installation procedure, and installation diagrams.

4.1 Check Installation Site


1ˊ The recommended operating temperature is 20-25ć (68̧̚77̧) and relative humidity
is not more than 90%.

2ˊ The sea level height can't exceed 4000m (when it's used above 4000m, it shall be
described in order).

3ˊ The battery should be dept in a dry, clean and ventilated environment free from radiation,
organic solvent, corrosive gas, flammable article, fire and exposure to sunlight. Ultraviolet ray
level is not more than 2 degree.

4ˊ Be free from rolling, being thrown, bump, exposure to sunshine and rain and any animals.
And insulation resistance is not less than ȍ

5ˊ Take anti-freezing measure if installed in high and cold area.

4.2 Precautions
1κ The product batch of different battery pack will be probably different, so prohibit any
ex-change among pack. Please install and use battery in accordance with the number on
package label. If you install the batteries with different pack, we'll be unable to guarantee any
previous promise.

2κ The battery temperature compensation probe shall be set on the side surface between two
batteries.

3κ Ventilation hole of heater or air conditioner and calorific part of switch power supply
should not be towards the battery. The temperature difference of various parts of the battery

11
should be kept no more than 3ć. It is recommended to use an infrared thermal detector to
detect the temperature of battery parts.

4κ The battery can be installed into shelf or cabinet. The distance between batteries shall be
not less than 20mm. If the battery is installed in a storied building, the load requirements
should be inquired from the construction department. Where anti-quake intensity is more than
7 degree, a quakeproof shelf should be used and it should be fixed with ground bolt in order to
diffuse the stress.

5κ Gel battery have been filled with electrolyte and charged before delivery, therefore,
during installation and transportation, please handle the battery with care. Non-professional
VWDIIFDQ
WEHRSHQHGWKHVDIHW\YDOYH0DNHVXUHWKDWVDIHW\YDOYHLVQ¶WORRVHQHGDQGWKDWW here
is no short circuit.

6κ The battery pack should be installed near the load and cables (if special connecting wire
bar between batteries is required, it shall be put forward before supply). Copper busbars and
connecting wires should meet the requirements in order to avoid excessive line drop. Voltage
drops of multiple parallel lines should be kept consistent with each other as much as possible.
Fuse should be equipped for each battery pack.

7κ The voltage of battery pack is high voltage, so it involves a danger of electric shock.
Please use insulated tool and wear protective gloves when assembling and disassembling cable,
copper bar and connecting wire.

8κ During installation, connection terminals of cables, copper busbars and battery output end
should be kept clean and connected tightly. Otherwise, it will lead to a high temperature of
terminal and even to spark/fire. Stainless steel bolts, tinned copper busbars, flat washer are
used to interconnect batteries. The bolts should be fastened tightly (torque is about 25N·m).

9κ The battery shall be connected according to requirement, one, several or whole group
battery shall be free from short circuit without load.

10κ If the loaded cable has been placed in advance, please notice the output position of
battery pack and the terminal output direction of positive and negative when it's installed.

12
11κ The battery shall be used in multiple parallel lines, the positive terminal of each line is
connected with positive terminal of equipment, and negative terminal of each is connected
with negative terminal of equipment. Can not connect battery positive with equipment

negative!

12κ Keep sufficient spaces surrounding battery rack in advance.

13κ Battery shall be equipped with external circuit short circuit prevention fuse (fuse
protector).

4.3 Installation Mode


Two installation modes are available for 2V series battery.

z Single- layer vertical-type mounting rack

z Double-layer vertical-type mounting rack

Caution:
If the standard installation mode can't be adopted due to space, foundation carrying, output
voltage or other factors, you can dial our telephone to acquire non-standard solution.

Table 4 Installation mode selection for single-layer

Foundation
System dimension System total weight System floor space
Specification and model installation size
˄L×W×H˅ ˄Kg˅ ˄m2˅
˄L×W˅

48V200AH single-layer
1679.5×513×416 747×274 474 0.80
double-row mounting rack

48V250AH single-layer
1931.5×513×416 873×274 584 0.92
double-row mounting rack

48V300AH single-layer
2183.5×513×416 999×274 682 1.05
double-row mounting rack

48V350AH single-layer
1931.5×513×532 873×274 730 0.92
double-row mounting rack

48V420AH single-layer
2183.5×513×532 999×274 864 1.05
double-row mounting rack

13
48V490AH single-layer
double-row mounting rack 2435.5×513×532 1125×274 986 1.17

48V600AH single-layer
2183.5×513×707 999×274 1193 1.05
double-row mounting rack

48V800AH single-layer
3063×483×707 1389×230 1602 1.34
double-row mounting rack

48V1000AH single-layer
3063×567×707 1389×314 1975 1.59
double-row mounting rack

48V1200AH single-layer
3063×651×707 1389×398 2319 1.83
double-row mounting rack

48V1500AH˄A˅ single-layer
3063×781×707 1389×528 2825 2.21
double-row mounting rack

48V1500AH˄B˅ single-layer 3063×651×857 1389×398


2826 1.83
double-row mounting rack

48V2000AH single-layer 3111×964×834 1413×307


3855 2.79
double-row mounting rack

48V2500AH single-layer 3087×1140×834 1401×395


4778 3.28
double-row mounting rack

48V3000AH single-layer
3087×1318×834 1401×484 5645 3.80
double-row mounting rack

Table 5 Installation mode selection for double-layer

System dimension Foundation installation size System total System floor space
Specification and model
˄L×W×H˅ ˄L×W˅ weight˄Kg˅ ˄m2˅

48V200AH double-layer 878.5×593×1016 715×543 481 0.47


double-row mounting rack

48V250AH double-layer 841×543


1004.5×593×1016 590 0.55
double-row mounting rack

48V300AH double-layer 967×543


1130.5×593×1016 690 0.62
double-row mounting rack

48V350AH double-layer 841×543


1004.5×593×1242 737 0.55
double-row mounting rack

48V420AH double-layer 967×543


1130.5×593×1242 875 0.62
double-row mounting rack

48V490AH double-layer 1093×543


1256.5×593×1242 998 0.70
double-row mounting rack

14
48V600AH double-layer 967×543
double-row mounting rack 1130.5×593×1597 1207 0.62

48V800AH double-layer 1459×302


1635×477×1627 1638 0.67
double-row mounting rack

48V1000AH double-layer 1459×386


1635×561×1627 2012 0.80
double-row mounting rack

48V1200AH double-layer 1459×470


1635×645×1627 2356 0.92
double-row mounting rack

48V1500AH˄A˅ double-layer 1459×600


1635×775×1627 2866 1.11
double-row mounting rack

48V1500AH˄B˅ double-layer 1635×645×1927 1459×470


2864 0.92
double-row mounting rack

48V2000AH double-layer
1668×950×1881 3907 1.35
double-row mounting rack 1483×296

48V2500AH double-layer
1656×1126×1881 1471×384 4841 1.60
double-row mounting rack

48V3000AH double-layer
1656×1304×1881 1471×473 5711 1.87
double-row mounting rack

4.4 Installation Procedures


To install batteries Double-/Single-Layer Vertical Rack:
1ˊ Before installation, please read the safety instruction and installation precautions. Check
the environmental conditions of installation site, and the user should adjust the site if
necessary.

2ˊ The random data includes packing list. Check batteries, installation shelf and their
components according to related document (the spare part list or general installation drawing).
The following installation steps can be taken as reference.

3ˊ Connect the seat with lower carrying base plate with screw (washer).

4ˊ Double-layer frame will be installed with carrying base plate.

5ˊ Connect the stop lever with seat with screw (washer) (it can't be reverse).

6ˊ The fixed part is connected to the seat with screw and tightened.

7ˊ Check and confirm installation according to installation step drawing.

15
8ˊ Tighten each connecting bolt and confirm the support is combined well.

9ˊ Lift the combined empty support to the prepared place and confirm the specific
installation site, positive and negative output end position and direction of support in
accordance with power transmission bus bar (or cable) position, length, width and height
direction and peripheral facilities (position can be confirmed according to the size in this
Manual, practical product will be more precise).

10ˊ Make sign at the position of support foundation bolt hole, and move support after being
confirmed correctly. Make foundation bolt hole with punch drill or power hammer.

11ˊ Connect the terminal of the monitors to the support and fix it well.

12ˊ After installation is correct, disassemble the stop lever of lifting battery (this stop lever
shall be installed after battery is installed).

13ˊ Install the output terminal component (or insulated support) of support and fix it well.

14ˊ In accordance with installation drawing, install the battery in support, note the battery
position and distance between batteries (battery spacer block shall be installed if necessary).

Note:

The position, positive and negative direction of the first top-carriage battery shall be
specially noted, the positive and negative position and direction of output end can be
confirmed according to the position, positive and negative direction of the first top-carriage
battery. To avoid tolerance of the positive and negative position and the direction of battery
output end and that of prepared one.

15ˊ Connect the matchable connecting wires to the battery and output terminal component
(or wire clip) with bolts. Pay attention to the color between battery connector and battery
terminal to avoid short circuit.

16ˊ After battery is installed, use voltmeter to measure the voltage of the positive and
negative terminal which shall be more than 48V (48V system), elsewise it shall check whether
short circuit exists. After battery is installed well, paste the battery number serial code.

16
17ˊ Install the battery end voltage monitor onto the support and fix it well.

18ˊ Connect the terminal of the monitors to the terminals of the output copper busbar
correspondingly.

19ˊ Measure the voltage of each battery one by one with the monitor and voltmeter, keep a
record and analyze the data. Make sure that all cables are connected correctly in well contact.

20ˊ Paste insulation protection label on connectors.

21ˊ Clean batteries and rack with soft cloth carefully, and clean up the installation site.

22ˊ Set relevant parameters of switching power supply according to this Manual (refer to
Chapter 5, if battery is used for other different application sites such as solar energy system,
please dial telephone to acquire specific parameter design).After the battery is installed
correctly, switch power on and start the following related working procedures.

23ˊ Perform the corresponding working procedures if initial measurement is required.

Note:

If monitor isn't configured, the steps from 17 to 19 shall be omitted.

4.5 Installation Diagram


This section provides the installation diagrams for a part of types for reference.
The relation between battery type and installation diagram is listed in Table 6.

Table 6 List of installation drawings

Specification Single-layer vertical-type Double-layer vertical-type


2V-200/48V̚2V-600/48V Figure 5 Figure 9
2V-800/48V̚2V-1500/48V Figure 6 Figure 10
2V-2000/48V Figure 7 Figure 11
2V-2500/48V̚2V-3000/48V Figure 8 Figure 12

1. Installation in single-layer vertical rack/cabinet for 48V200AH~48V600AH


FIGURE 5 INSTALLATION IN SINGLE-LAYER VERTICAL RACK/CABINET FOR 48V200AH~48V600AH

17
H

L
513

2V-200/48V 2V-250/48V 2V-300/48V 2V-350/48V 2V-420/48V 2V-490/48V 2V-600/48V

L 1679ˊ5 1931ˊ5 2183ˊ5 1931ˊ5 2183ˊ5 2435ˊ5 2183ˊ5

H 416 416 416 532 532 532 707

18
2. Installation in single-layer vertical rack/cabinet for 48V800AH~48V1500AH
FIGURE 6 INSTALLATION IN SINGLE-LAYER VERTICAL RACK/CABINET FOR 48V800AH~48V1500AH

3063

2V-800/48V 2V-1000/48V 2V-1200/48V 2V1500 low/48V 2V1500 high/48V

B 483 567 651 781 651

H 707 707 707 707 857

3. Installation in single-layer vertical rack/cabinet for 48V2000AH


FIGURE 7 INSTALLATION IN SINGLE-LAYER VERTICAL RACK/CABINET FOR 48V2000AH

834

3111

964

19
4. Installation in single-layer vertical rack/cabinet for 48V2500AH~48V3000AH
FIGURE 8 INSTALLATION IN SINGLE-LAYER VERTICAL RACK/CABINET FOR 48V2500~48V3000AH

834

3087
B

2V-2500/48V 2V-3000/48V

B 1140 1318

5. Installation in double-layer vertical rack/cabinet for 48V200AH~48V600AH


FIGURE 9 INSTALLATION IN DOUBLE-LAYER VERTICAL RACK/CABINET FOR 48V200AH~48V600AH

593 L

20
2V-200/48V 2V-250/48V 2V-300/48V 2V-350/48V 2V-420/48V 2V-490/48V 2V-600/48V

L 878ˊ5 1004ˊ5 1130ˊ5 1004ˊ5 1130ˊ5 1256ˊ5 1130ˊ5

H 1016 1016 1016 1242 1242 1242 1597

6. Installation in double-layer vertical rack/cabinet for 48V800AH~48V1500AH


Figure 10 INSTALLATION IN DOUBLE-LAYER VERTICAL RACK/CABINET FOR 48V800AH~48V1500AH

B 1635

2V-800/48V 2V-1000/48V 2V-1200/48V 2V1500 low/48V 2V1500 high/48V

B 477 561 645 775 645

H 1627 1627 1627 1627 1927

21
7. Installation in double-layer vertical rack/cabinet for 48V2000AH
FIGURE 11 INSTALLATION IN DOUBLE-LAYER VERTICAL RACK/CABINET FOR 48V2000AH

1881

950
1668

8. Installation in double-layer vertical rack/cabinet for 48V2500AH~48V3000AH


FIGURE 12 INSTALLATION IN DOUBLE-LAYER VERTICAL RACK/CABINET FOR 48V2500AH~48V3000AH

1881

1656

22
2V-2500/48V 2V-3000/48V

B 1126 1304

4.6 Check after Installation


After installation, check carefully the total voltage of the battery pack. The check items after
installation are listed in Table 7.

Table 7 Inspection items after installation

Serial Qualified or
Inspection items
number not
Check carefully positive and negative polarity. The total voltage
1 Ƒ<HV  Ƒ1R
between positive and negative output terminal is more than 48V
The terminal voltage of each cell battery is between 2.1V and Ƒ<HV  Ƒ1R
2
2.2V
If the battery is multiple parallel lines, one battery output positive
should connect with another battery output positive, one battery
3 Ƒ<HV  Ƒ1R
output positive should connect with another battery output
positive.
The positive polarity of battery is connected to the positive polarity
4 of charger, and the negative polarity of battery is connected to the Ƒ<HV  Ƒ1R
negative polarity of charger.
All bolts, nuts and screws are fastened tightly and properly with Ƒ<HV  Ƒ1R
5
no lack of flat washers and springs washer.
The vertical obliquity of the vertical cabinet/rack should be less
6 Ƒ<HV  Ƒ1R
than 5ć.
All batteries are clean and neat free from filth or any redundant Ƒ<HV  Ƒ1R
7
material.
8 There is no appearance damage for batteries. Ƒ<HV  Ƒ1R
9 There is no loosened and damaged for safety valve. Ƒ<HV  Ƒ1R
All battery are clean and neat free from filth or any redundant
10 Ƒ<HV  Ƒ1R
material.
The equalizing/float charging current of the battery pack is Ƒ<HV  Ƒ1R
11
normal.
The resistance between output terminal and mounting rack is
12 Ƒ<HV  Ƒ1R
normal
13 Other items Ƒ<HV  Ƒ1R

23
14 Ƒ<HV  Ƒ1R
15 Ƒ<HV  Ƒ1R
16 Ƒ<HV  Ƒ1R
17 Ƒ<HV  Ƒ1R
18 Ƒ<HV  Ƒ1R

24
Chapter 5 Operation and Maintenance
Abstract
This Chapter introduces operation and maintenance of 2V gel battery.

5.1 Operation

5.1.1 Precautions
1ˊ Shuangdeng group bears no liability to the consequences incurred by biolation user
operation and equipment parameter setting.

2ˊ When the equalizing charge current of battery is reduced to 20mA/Ah or the surface
temperature of battery is above 45ć, the equalizing charge will be turned into floating
charge immediately, and the maximum duration of continual equalizing charge shall not
exceed 12 hours.

3ˊ Alter floating charge voltage and equalizing charge voltage according to temperature.
Please select voltage according to the following two tables. Battery will be probably
damaged and even shortened the service life if use the wrong parameter floating charge
voltage and equalizing charge voltage.

4ˊ Alter floating charge voltage and equalizing charge vo ltage according to discharge
current. Please select voltage according to the following two tables. Battery will be
probably damaged and even shortened the service life if use the wrong parameter floating
charge voltage and equalizing charge voltage. Be careful especially in the high voltage
(220V) UPS system.

5ˊ Be cautious and make sure that no batteries are short-circuited.

6ˊ Battery must be charged before use.

7ˊ Safety valve cannot be opened.

8ˊ Batteries should be kept clean.

25
9ˊ Batteries should be charged periodically during a long storage period.

10ˊ Batteries should not serve as a power supply if they are not recharged after
accidental discharge.

11ˊ Batteries of different rated capacity cannot be connected in parallel to serve as a


power supply.

12ˊ There is no hot phenomenon between joint and terminal.

5.1.2 Charge
1ˊ There are two charge modes for batteries: float charge and equalizd charge.

z Float charge: when battery has been fully charged, the charging will not stop
charging and will be still charging battery with a constant float charge voltage
and small float charge current. The battery will be discharged naturally if the
charger stops working. Float charge serves to the supplement the energy loss.

z Equalizing charge: the charger charges battery in a short time with set charge
current and set charge time. During battery maintenance, equalizing charge is
usually used. The charge mode is helpful to activate the chemical characteristics
of battery.
2ˊ Charge Parameters.

Table 8 Charge parameters


Charge mode
Parameter Floating Equalizing Remark
charge charge
Mean value of the positive
Charge voltage 2.23V/cell 2.35V/cell
and negative terminal at 20ć
Maximal charge current 0.20C10 A 0.20C10 A
Temperature Refer to charge voltage and
-3mV/ć -3mV/ć
compensation factor ambient temperature curve 24

3ˊ Equalizing Charge

(1) Charge parameters: The parameter of equalizing charge is shown in Table .


(2) Application
26
z The batteries should be charged before first use. The batteries will switch to
float charging mode when the equalizing charging current is less than 10
mA/Ah, and the float charge time is on less than 24 hours.

z During service, the batteries will switch to equalizing charging mode when the
float charging voltage of single battery is less than 2.18V. The equalizing charge
time is within the range: 8hour-10hours. Batteries should be recharged
periodically if power supply is in bad condition and the power is cut frequently.

z Equalizing charge should be done when there is any inferior battery. An inferior
battery refers to a single battery whose final voltage is less than 1.8V a fter
5-hour discharge with a discharging current of 0.10C 10 .

z After accidental discharge and regular capacity detection, equalizing charge


should be done. The capacity to be charged should be no less than 102% of
discharged capacity.

5.1.3 Capacity Detection


1ˊ Equalizing charge shall be performed before capacity is measured.

2ˊ If equalizing charge current is ˄10~20˅mA/Ah ,and it remains a stable value for


24 hours with constant current of 20mA/Ah. And then capacity detection can be
carried out.

The capacity detection criteria are listed in 䭉䈟!Җㆮ㠚ᕅ⭘ᰐ᭸DŽ

Table 9 Capacity measurement standard

Discharge Discharge Discharge final voltage Capacity measurement


rate current (A) (V/cell) standard
10h 1.0I10 1.80 •1.00C10
5h 1.7I10 1.80 •0.85C10
3h 2.5I10 1.80 •0.75C10
1h 5.5I10 1.75 •0.55C10

Note: I 10 is the discharge current with the discharge rate of 10h, and I 10 equals 0.10C10. When
batteries are connected in parallel, the rated capacity is the sum of all paralleled batteries.

3. Batteries should be recharged within 8 hours after discharge. The charging mode
will automatically switch to float charging mode when the equalizing current is less
than 10mA/Ah. If the float charging current is 1mA/Ah̚2mA/Ah, and it remains a
27
stable value for 2̚3 hours continuously after equalizing charge switches to float
charge, it indicates that batteries have been fully charged. After that, float charging
mode should last over 24 hours.

5.1.4 Discharge
Three methods can be adopted to control discharge depth.

1ˊ To control discharge depth by discharge time: The product of discharge time and
load current should be no more than 0.80C10(Ah).

2ˊ To control discharge depth by discharge capacity: The discharge capacity should


be set no more than 0.80C10(Ah).

3ˊ To control discharge depth by final voltage: to avoid over-discharge by setting 1st


shut-down voltage and 2nd shut-down voltage.

5.1.5 Parameter of Switch Supply


The parameters of switch power supply to control battery shall be set according to load
current.

The 1st shut-down voltage and 2nd shut-down voltage are shown in Table

Table 10 FIRST/SECOND SHUT-DOWN VOLTAGE

1st shut-down voltage


2nd shut-down voltage˄V˅
Load current ˄V˅
and I10 Cell Battery Cell Battery
battery pack battery pack
6/6 1.90 45.6 1.88 45.0
5/6 1.95 46.8 1.93 46.3
2/3 1.96 47.0 1.94 46.5
1/2 1.97 47.3 1.95 46.8
1/3 1.98 47.5 1.96 47.0
1/6 1.98 47.5 1.96 47.0

Other related parameters of switch power supply should be set following 䭉䈟!Җㆮ㠚
ᕅ⭘ᰐ᭸DŽ

Table 11 Parameters of switching power supply


28
Item Parameters of 2V gel battery
Floating charge voltage 2.23V/cell
Equalizing charge voltage 2.35V/cell
Charge current limiting 0.20C10 A
Upper voltage alarm threshold 57V
Lower voltage alarm threshold 45V
Temperature compensation factor
-3 mV/cellƒć
of battery
Battery over-temperature 35ć
LVDS Deviation Voltage 44 V
LVDS Reposition Voltage 49V
6 months is for battery of machine
Equalizing charge cycle
room
Equalizing charge time in cycle 10h
Battery will be charged averagely
Start condition of resetting
when commercial power is
equalizing charge
recovered
Precondition of floating charge
•50mA/Ah
switching to equalizing charge
Power-off average charge time 10h
Exit equalizing charge condition ”20mA/Ah
In accordance with practical battery
Battery shunting capacity setting
capacity
Battery is connected in series and
Battery connection
then in parallel
Voltage difference between Floating charge ”P9 VWDWLF
individual batteries VWDWH”P9 

Note: 1. When the ambient temperature is out of the range: 20ć~30ć, the floating charge
voltage and the equalizing charge voltage should be compensated following Table .

2. Where power supply is in good condition and yearly the temperature is always relatively
high, the equalizing charge voltage of equipment without temperature compensation
function can be set for 2.35 V/cell.

3. Table is applicable for the situation with discharge current being less than 0.1C10 A.

5.1.6 Requirements for Application with Power Cut


1ˊ Recommended that battery should be not used to supply power if power fails
DJDLQ DQG EDWWHU\ KDVQ¶W EHHQ IXOO\ FKDUJHG DFFRUGLQJ WR WKe requirements after
accidental discharge.

29
2ˊ The float charge time should be no less than 24 hours after equalized charge
switches to float charge and the accumulated discharge capacity for power
failure once is 50%~80% of the rated capacity.

3ˊ The float charge time should be no less than 12 hours after equalized charge
switches to float charge and the accumulated discharge capacity for power failure
for several times is less than 50% of the rated capacity.

4ˊ If the power supply is in good condition, batteries should be discharge for


protection once each 6 months, and the discharge depth should be 50%. Batteries
should be fully charged in time after the discharge.

5ˊ Diesel generator or other auxiliary power device should be equipped if power


failure is frequent and failure duration time is long. Diesel generator or other
auxiliary power device should be started to power load equipment and charge
EDWWHULHV LQWLPH LI EDWWHU\GLVFKDUJHGHSWK LVRYHUDQG PDLQVVXSSO\ KDVQ¶W
recovered.

5.2 Routine Maintenance


Battery should be checked and maintained periodically to be sure its service life. The
periodical maintenance includes monthly maintenance, quarterly maintenance and annual
maintenance.

The check items are listed in 䭉䈟!Җㆮ㠚ᕅ⭘ᰐ᭸DŽ.

Table 12 PERIODICAL CHECK ITEMS

Requirement
Period Item Description M aintenance
and Base Value
The total voltage
Total float To detect the total voltage of the equals the product of Correct the deviation and adjust
charging voltage battery pack. cell voltage and it to the base value.
M onth batteries number.
To check battery case and plate for
Battery The appearance Troubleshoot and replace faulty
electrolyte flowing out, expansion
appearance should be neat. parts if necessary.
and damage.

30
Requirement
Period Item Description M aintenance
and Base Value
To check whether it is free from The appearance Use wet cloth to clean the
dust and filth. should be clean. appearance.
To check the vertical installation ,I WKHUH¶V DQ\ UXVW UHPRYH WKH
They should be all
rack/cabinet, connecting cable, rust, replace connecting cables,
free from rust.
positive/negative terminal for rust. and spread antirust on them.
To check whether bolts and nuts Bolts and nuts should
Connection Fasten the loosened bolts or nuts.
are tight. be fastened tightly.
AC power can switch
DC power To cut AC power and to switch to
to DC power Correct the possible deviation.
switching DC power.
smoothly.
If it is beyond the base value,
The float charging discharge battery, switch to
Floating voltage with equalizing charge, and then
To detect the voltage of each
Quarter charging voltage temperature switch to float charge. Check it
single.
of single battery compensation is for 1̚2 months, and replace
±240mV . battery in time if it is still beyond
the base value.
Recharge battery in time if the
To cut AC power and discharge discharge time is less than 8
The total discharge
battery with discharge current of hours. After that, if the discharge
Year Discharge test time should be over
0.1C10A and with final voltage set time is still less 8hours, it
8h
1.80V/cell. indicates that battery service life
ends.

Note: 1. If average floating charge voltage difference is more than +0.8V or -0.4V, or the temperature
difference of battery surface is more than 5°C, please consult the service mechanism of dealer .

2ˊThere is voltage difference for new gel battery containing more gel quantity. There is no
crack to form oxygen recombination channel, so oxygen cycle system hasn't been established.
When the oxygen produced from positive diffuses from high concentration zone of positive
to low concentration zone of negative, little oxygen deoxidize into water. Moreover, when
hydrogen generated from negative, this reaction will be stopped so that negative
over-potential drift (during the initial period of battery operation, the negative potential of
cell is different when battery pack charge, so that there is more voltage difference among
batteries). After operation about 6 months, the floating charge voltage among batteries will
be unified for crack formed to provide oxygen recombination channel, so it's not necessary
to handle voltage difference of new gel battery. In general, the voltage will be gradually even
after operation over 2 years. Shallow discharge can be performed to the battery pack for the
cell owning lower voltage. To observe whether the discharge voltage is also obviously lower,
if it is, please consult the service mechanism of dealer.

31
In order to realize unified floating charge voltage difference of gel battery as soon as
possible, the battery can be charged with 100 hour rate.

3. In the solar energy battery, charge/discharge is performed continually. Suggest measure


the discharge voltage instead of floating discharge. If there is bigger deviation at the end of
discharge, please consult the service mechanism of dealer.

5.3 Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting is as Table .

Table 13 List of troubleshooting

symptom Cause Solution


In the initial stage of operation, The connecting bolts of Fasten loosened bolts, remove
one cell voltage and the total battery terminal are loosened, filth, and re-install bolts.
voltage fall rapidly when or there is filth on terminals
discharging. or connecting ends of cable,
and as a result, the line drop
is increased.
In the initial stage of operation, The load cutoff voltage set Adjust the load cutoff voltage.
battery can be discharged though battery managing
normally, but its load is cut off device (e.g. switch power
soon. supply) is too high.
The real value of total voltage One cell is connected in Correct the connection. In
is 4V less than calculated reverse. addition, the cell should be
value. deeply discharge and then
charged. After that, if the cell
capacity cannot recover,
replace it in time.
In the initial stage of operation, The possible cause is the The cell voltage will be
there are differences between minute difference between consistent with each other
cell voltages. FHOO¶V LQWHUQDO VWUXFWXUH DQG after normal float charging for
that during transportation. 3 months.

32
Appendix A Selection, Transportation and
Storage
Abstract
This appendix introduces type selection, transportation requirements and storage
requirements.

A.1 Type Selection


The following items should be considered in battery type selection:

1ˊ Battery use frequency.

2ˊ Battery discharging current.

3ˊ Battery discharge time.

4ˊ The capacity should be relatively higher, to avoid battery damaged because of


over discharge and discharging with ultra current. ( The discharge current should
be less than 0.1C 10 A during discharging).

A.2 Transportation

The transportation requirements are described as follows:

1ˊ Battery shall not be lifted directly through terminal.

2ˊ Battery should be vertical instead of being upside down.

3ˊ Battery can't be exposed to the sunshine and rained.

4ˊ The coping of battery cannot suffer pressure.

5ˊ Safety value can't be loosened.

6ˊ Short circuit is prohibited.

33
The following aspects shall be followed for battery transportation and lift:

1ˊ Transport and lift vertically and handle with care.

2ˊ Don't damage battery appearance.


The method provided by manufacturer is to hold the bottom surface of battery with reliable
gallus (non-metal material) and transport it vertically as Figure 13.

਺⧟
਺ᑖ

⭥⊐

Figure 13 Drawing of gel battery lift

A.3 Storage
The storage temperature is 0ć~20ć, and the storage period is usually 3~6 months.
Battery should be charged if its storage time is beyond 3~6 months.

Batteries should be kept in a dry, clean and ventilated environment free from radiation,
organic solvent, corrosive gas, flammable article, fire and exposure to sunlight.

34
Battery should be vertical, the coping of battery cannot suffer pressure, and safety valve
cannot be loosened. Batteries not packed in wooden boxes cannot be piled.

35
Appendix B Technical Characteristics
Abstract
This Appendix introduces technical characteristic of 2V series battery.

B.1 Discharge Characteristic


B.1.1 Discharge Characteristic Curve
Discharge characteristic curve is shown in Figure .

Figure 14 is the discharge characteristic curve when the temperature is 20ć.

8SR˄V˅
12.6

12.0

11.4

10.8
8HR
1HR 2HR 5HR 10HR

10.2
0.01 0.1 0.5 1 2 5 10 20

Discharge time(h)

Figure 14 Discharge characteristic curves at different multiplying factors

B.1.2 1 Minute Discharge Curve


1min discharge curve is shown in Figure 15.

-37-
Upn(V)

2.2

2.1
200
2.0 200-500
600-1200
1.9 1500

1.8

1.7

1.6
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Kch

Figure 15 1min discharge curve (20ć)

B.1.3 Impulse Discharge Curve after 0.5h Continuous Discharge


The impulse discharge after 0.5h continuous discharge is shown in Figure 16.

Uch(V)

2.2

2.1

2.0
I-1
.0I
10
I-2
1.9 I-3 . 0I 10
I-4 .0I10
.0I
10
1.8

1.7

1.6

1.5

1.4
0 0.5 1.0 1.4 Kch

Figure 16 Impulse discharge curve after 0.5h continuous discharge (20ć)

B.1.4 Impulse Discharge Curve after 1h Continuous Discharge


The impulse discharge after 1h continuous discharge is shown in Figure 17.
-38-
Floating charge - impulse discharge under floating charge state
Broken line ² impulse discharge after floating charge charger is disconnected
0 (open circuit) - impulse discharge after being charged and placing for 15h with disconnection
Floating charge

Figure 17 Impulse discharge curve after 1h continuous discharge (20ć)

B.1.5 Discharge Final Voltage


The recommended voltage setting parameter is shown in Table 15 with different
discharge currents

Table 14 Recommended voltage with different discharge currents

Discharging current value Discharge final voltage value

'LVFKDUJLQJFXUUHQWYDOXH”, 10 1.9V

0.1I10 ˘Discharging current


1.85V
YDOXH”,10
I10 ˘Discharging current
1.80V
YDOXH”,10
4I10 ˘Discharging current
1.75V
YDOXH”,10
6I10 ˘Discharging current
1.70V
YDOXH”,10
-39-
B.2 Charge Characteristic
The equalizing charge voltage, current and capacity corresponding time at different
discharge depth is shown in Figure 18.

Current Voltage Quantity of electricity (%)


(I10A) (V)

1.2 2.40
Charge Voltage

1.0 2.30 Battery capacity 100

0.8 2.20 75

0.6 2.10 50
25% DOD
50% DOD
0.4 2.00 75% DOD
25
100% DOD
0.2 1.90 Charge Current

0 1.80
0 4 8 12 16 24 32 40 48
Duration of Charge (h)

Figure 18 equalizing charge voltage, current and capacity corresponding time at different discharge depth

B.3 Lifetime Characteristic


B.3.1 Relation between temperature and service life of 2V battery is as 19.

25

20
Expected service life (year)

15

10

-40-
5

0
15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Ambient Temperature (ć)
Relation curves between temperature and serviceLife
Figure 19 Relation between temperature and service life

B.3.2 Relation between discharge depth and cycle service life of 2V battery is shown in
Figure 20.

8000
7000
6000
Cycle service life(time)

5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
Discharge depth˄˅ 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Cycle Data 6800 3600 2700 2150 1700 1400 1200 1050 700 550

Remark: a) test circumstances: 20-30ć, relative humidity is 50~80percent.

b) charge mode: electricity of charge is equal to 105~115percent of discharge

c) residual capacity is 80 percent C 10

Figure 20 Relation between discharge depth and cycle service life of 2V series battery

B.4 Capacity Characteristic


B.4.1 Relation between Discharge Capacity and Temperature
The relation between discharge capacity and temperature is shown in Figure 21.

140 120HR

20HR
120
10HR
100 8HR
Capacity (%)

80 -41- 4HR

2HR
60

40

20

-20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50
Figure 21 Relation between discharge capacity and temperature

B.4.2 Relation between Discharge Capacity Factor and Discharge Time


The relation between discharge capacity factor and discharge time is shown in Figure 22.

Kcc
1.20
1.10
1.10
0.90
0.80 1.93V
1.90V
0.70 1.87V
0.60 1.83V
0.50 1.80V
0.40
0.30
0.20
0.10
0
0 0.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 (h)

Figure 22 Relation between discharge capacity factor and discharge time (20ć)

B.4.3 Capacity Conversion Factor Curve


The capacity conversion factor curve is shown in Figure 23.

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Kc
1.30
1.20
1.80V
1.10
1.00
1.83V
0.90
0.80
1.87V
0.70
0.60
1.90V
0.50
0.40 1.93V
0.30
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0
1 30 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 600 t(min)

Figure 23 Capacity conversion factor curve (20ć)

B.5 Relation between Charge Voltage and Environment


Temperature
Relation between charge voltage and environment temperature is as Figure 24.

2.60V

2.50V
2.47V
Average charge voltage

2.40V
2.35V
2.305V
2.30V

2.23V
2.20V 2.185V
Float charge voltage

2.10V
-20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C 40°C45°C 50°C

Figure 24 Relation between charge voltage and ambient temperature (20ć)

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B.6 Relation between Self-Discharge and Temperature

100
Residual Capacity ˄%˅

80 e
C
e
C

60 e
C

40
e
C e
C
20

0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24
Storage Time˄month˅
Figure 25 Relation between self-discharge and temperature (20ć)

B.7 Relation between open circuit voltage and residual capacity

2.25
Open circuit voltage ˄V˅

2.20

2.15

2.10

2.05

2.00

1.95
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Discharge degree˄˅
Figure B.7 -1 Relation between open circuit voltage and residual capacity (20ć)

Figure 26 Relation between open circuit voltage and residual capacity

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