Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia is a continent and is also a country of its own. It is located between the South Pacific
and Indian Oceans. Australia is often called, "the land down under," because it lies entirely within the
southern hemisphere. In Latin, the name "Australia" means "southern." The official name of the
country is the "Commonwealth of Australia."
Australia is surrounded by water like an island, but geographers classify it as a continent
rather than an island because of its immense size. Australia covers about 5% of the earth's land
area. Most of Australia is low and flat, the highest and most mountainous land lies along the east
coast. Nearly all the land west of this region consists of level plains and plateaus. At one time, all the
continents were part of one huge land mass. Australia became separated from this land mass about
200 million years ago. As a result, its animals developed differently from those on other continents.
Australia's most famous native animals include kangaroos, koalas, wallabies, wombats, and other
marsupials.
Australia's first settlers were ancestors of today's aborigines. They may have reached the
continent as early as 50 thousand years ago and came from Asia by way of New Guinea. When the
first whites arrived in 1788, about 750 thousand Aborigines lived in Australia. The European
discovery of Australia began with the discovery of New Guinea by Portuguese and Spanish
explorers during the 1500s. These explorers and others after them were searching for a mysterious
continent that they believed lay south of Asia. Between 1616 and 1636 other Dutch navigators
explored Australia's west, southwest, and northwest coasts. Explorers then began to believe they
had found the mysterious southern continent. In 1642 and 1643, Abel Janszoon Tasman
Australia is a continent and is also a country of its own. It is located between the South Pacific
and Indian Oceans. Australia is often called, "the land down under," because it lies entirely within the
southern hemisphere. In Latin, the name "Australia" means "southern." The official name of the
country is the "Commonwealth of Australia."
Australia is surrounded by water like an island, but geographers classify it as a continent
rather than an island because of its immense size. Australia covers about 5% of the earth's land
area. Most of Australia is low and flat, the highest and most mountainous land lies along the east
coast. Nearly all the land west of this region consists of level plains and plateaus. At one time, all the
continents were part of one huge land mass. Australia became separated from this land mass about
200 million years ago. As a result, its animals developed differently from those on other continents.
Australia's most famous native animals include kangaroos, koalas, wallabies, wombats, and other
marsupials.
Australia's first settlers were ancestors of today's aborigines. They may have reached the
continent as early as 50 thousand years ago and came from Asia by way of New Guinea. When the
first whites arrived in 1788, about 750 thousand Aborigines lived in Australia. The European
discovery of Australia began with the discovery of New Guinea by Portuguese and Spanish
explorers during the 1500s. These explorers and others after them were searching for a mysterious
continent that they believed lay south of Asia. Between 1616 and 1636 other Dutch navigators
explored Australia's west, southwest, and northwest coasts. Explorers then began to believe they
had found the mysterious southern continent. In 1642 and 1643, Abel Janszoon Tasman