IOT BASED CHILDREN MONITORING SYSTEM IN

SCHOOL BASED ON ETHIOPIA

By: - FITSUM TESFAYE

 Abstract of the Project

This paper is based on IOT (Internet of Things). As we know in present era everything is based
on digital technology. Human being is going to connect each other by using mobile network.
This paper proposes an SMS based solution to reduced parents insecurity and schools to track
children’s in real time.

Different devices are connected with a single device through. The concerned device is connected
to mobile via SMS. The device can be used by stockholders to track children and get real time
data. The main Advantage of the proposed system is send location by using mobile network
(GSM). Here a prototype model (device) is created which is hardware based. The work
comprises ARDUINO UNO as microcontroller, along with GPS and GSM module.

This device will also have the facility of different status of children by measuring the speed of
hand movement of children.
 1.1 Introduction

1.1.1 Background

“Nowadays, crimes always occur. This scenario not involves by adults only, but also happen to
children. Parents concern more about serious cases such as missing children, abduction and rape.
The crime also involve by school children have been reported in newspapers. Although the
school have guards that posted on school grounds 24 hours a day, that simply not enough
to monitor the student. To overcome these problems the authorized need to provide additional
security measure”

“Some parents do not have the privilege to send or fetch their children at school. Parents
usually give a hundred percent of trust to their children to travel themselves. Those
children would have to travel by bus, bicycles or walking. Children who travel to and from
school by themselves without monitor by their parents are exposed to danger along the
way.” Besides that, parents usually received late information if anything happen to their children
such as accidents or involved in criminals.

School principals and teachers also wait there student until to get in school. So, they waste a lot
of time.

Development IoT based children monitoring in school will help parents to ease their worries.
The system requirement for tracking the child and describe the implementation feature. To
implement such system a GPS with high accuracy is required, if the low accuracy GPS is used in
this system,. System may give some error of that child location. In this system we send the
message name TRACK to the device and the GPS of that device send the longitude and
latitude to the GSM module , GSM module receive the information about longitude and latitude
of that child location , further this message will be send to the user for tracking the location of
that lost child. The Arduino is a small micro controller which is used for controlling whole
process in this system .This paper provides the concept for developing a low cost, high accuracy
and user friendly system by using Google map. Google map can improve the accuracy of GPS.
This paper presents research that applies Google map to describe the Child Tracking System.
Improvements are proved by Google map that make high accuracy.

1.1.2 Problem Statement

More family’s spent their time for work and social duties but since Children are gift of GOD
they need care of family. The current situation of our country is not confortable for monitoring
children in school. With the absence of child monitoring system it is hard to monitor the where
about of children.

The poor performance of family’s and school to monitor the children’s by Collaboration. The use
of manual system to connect family’s and there students most of time teachers or other persons
are intermediate between the students and family. In our country families and their children have
no direct contact in school when they need to contact their children if the families came to
school.

Lack of child monitoring in school affect the child’s behavior. Under age children may be
premature in the way they act and places to be. Most of human behavior is shaped in childhood
stage, in order to get morally acceptable behavior child monitoring system is necessary.

Children are prone to many accidents. Safety of children is very critical since children cannot
protect themselves.

1.1.3 .Objective

Propose IoT Based Children Monitoring System in School in ETHIOPIA context.

1.1.3.1. Specific objective

 To track and get exact location of children

 It increase the interaction of family’s with their children
 They whole day information about children
  To store and retrieve the necessary data on the families mobile phone using real time
sensors
 Child has the ability to connect different sensors
 Family’s Feeling safe about children
 Allows a parent to more easily locate the troubled child

1.1.4 Requirement analysis

The requirements of the project are categorized under hardware and software tools required as
follows.

1.1.4.1 Software tools required

Software tools used for this system development are all free as stated below.

Table 1 software tools required

List no SW Tools required pric

specification e

1 Operating system Window 10 Free

2 IDE Arduino 1.8.5 Free

Table 1: SW specification

1.1.4.2 Hardware Tools Required

Table 2 Hard ware tools

List no HW Tools required specification price

1 Arduino Board UNO R3 board 500

2 GPS Module NEO-6M-O-001 400

3 GSM/GPRS MODULE SIM A6 pro 700

4 RAM 4GB

5 Hard disk 500GB

Table 2: HW specification

1.1.5 Methodology

Based on the problem statement the project is proposed to develop smart agriculture:

 Gathering information: previously there were approaches that were implemented to

solve child monitoring system. Many schools and families use different types of
approaches to locate and monitor children.
 Modeling: Based on the information we have gathered through interviewing the
problems of the current monitoring system in our context designed the flow chart,
system design and ER diagram for the project.
 Hard ware and Software: the hard ware construction and software implementation with
Arduino software.
 Evaluation and Conclusion: Based on the proposed system conclusion and evaluation
of work is done.
 Development process of the system

Figure 1: project organization

1 .1.6 Scope and Limitation

Scope

The scope of this project is limited to develop SMS platform and Hardware implementation
prototype. The project contribution is sensing the children status and displaying the output. This
system also provides the real time data to be available on mobile phone, so that it can send text
message all the sensors data gathered from the children.

Limitation
The major challenge may be to spread the knowledge and awareness about the system to
the various stakeholders, particularly the family’s .The cost of infrastructure modernization
and maintenance is another challenge. In order to use this system the family’s need to link with
global network and technology this may lead to go for hardest work. The other limitation of this
project is the availability of global network around the rural area of the country.

The A6 GSM/GPRS module only work on 2 G(second generation) network and NEO GPS
module work on high strength of USART.

1.2 LITERATURE SURVEY

1.2.1. Existing Systems:

Some of the systems that have been implemented to make the IoT based Children Monitoring
System in School used as literature survey.

IOT Based Smart GPS Device for Child and Women Safety Applications

“Android based solution to aid parents to track their children in real time. Different devices are
connected with a single device through channels of internet. The concerned device is connected
to server via internet. The device can be used by parents to track their children in real time or for
women safety. The proposed solution takes the advantage of the location services provided by
GSM. It allows the parents to get their child‘s location on real time by SMS. This device will
also have the facility of Emergency help key (SOS), if anyone presses the key, automatic help
message will be sent to 3 registered mobile numbers on Server.” [1]

Children Tracking System using ARM7 on Android Mobile Terminals

“The proposed system includes a child module and two receiver modules for getting the
information about the missed child on periodical basis. The child module includes
ARM7 microcontroller (l pc 2378), Global positioning system (GPS), Global
system for mobile communication (GSM), Voice playback circuit and the receiver
module includes Android mobile device in parent’s hand and the other as monitoring
database in control room of the school.”[2]

Crossbow Motes technology

“Crossbow Motes are very small devices that contain a microprocessor, radio transceiver, and
interfaces to connect simple sensors such as smoke, temperature. The Crossbow Motes device;
these Motes are a new and quickly-growing technology. But there are some disadvantages to use
these devices such as: Finite Coverage, affected by trees & walls High cost.” [3]

Gotcha® System

“Gotcha it is child monitor that helps parents to protect their children at malls,
supermarkets, parks, or everywhere. Gotcha alerts the children and parent whenever they
wonder farther than a safe distance. Gotcha is an invisible electronic leash between
parents and their kids.” [4]

Global Positioning System (GPS) Technology

“GPS is a lightweight device that attaches to the child and is designed to help parents or
guardians keep track of their children and prevent this kind of tragedy. The device
alleviates the stress and panic that appear when children get lost, or are difficult to reach.
It emits a series of loud beeps, allowing parents to find their children quickly and easily.
This is also an ideal solution for disabled adults, the elderly and daycare centers.” [5]

1.2.2 Proposed System

Most parents care about their children school safety, so we propose an idea to solve the problem.
We invent the device in this project Smart tag for children. And put some sensors in it. The
sensors will detect children’s status then send text message. They check the children status on
mobile phone.
 I proposed new futures from the existing system if the student has no in school compound it send
the location of student to school principle or class monitor teacher.

The sensors I use GPS (NEO-6M-O-001) the sensor display value on the text message. There
are four status of children was displaying on text message. Four statuses are “Sleeping”,
“Studying”, “Exercising”, and “Dangerous”.

If the data detected by NEO-6M-O-001 is change continuously more than 3 seconds, the status
will change to “Exercising”. If the children don not exercise the status will be change to
“Studying”. According to the GPS we can know the children rout from home to school. If the
children absent from school or out of school during class the status change to “Dangerous” we
can track the children. When during Dangerous mode the tag send text message to their families.

The three statuses are depending on speed. The NEO-6M-O-001 is measure speed by
kilometer by second.

GPS (NEO-6M-0-
001)
Arduino GSM/GPRS
UNO R3
SIM A6 PRO

Figure 2: Block diagram

ARDUINO UNO-R3
The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328. It has 20 digital
input/output pins, 14 digital input and output pins, 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz resonator, a USB
connection, a power jack, an in-circuit system programming (ICSP) header, and a reset
button. The ATMEGA 328P has 32kB of flash memory for storing code.[9]

Figure 3: Arduino UNO R3

A6 GSM/GPRS MODULE

The module works to add both GSM features (voice call or SMS) and GPRS features. The
advantages of these modules are the VCC and TTL serial level that have 5V voltage level.
Module to accomplish almost anything a normal cell phone can; SMS text messages make or
receive phone calls, connecting to internet through GPRS, TCP/IP, and more. To top it off, the
module supports quad-band GSM/GPRS network.[10]
Figure 4: A6

NEO-6M-0-001 GPS MODULE

The NEO-6M GPS receiver module uses USART communication to communication with
microcontroller or pc terminal. It receives information like longitude, latitude, altitude, UTC time
etc.NEO-6M GPS module that can track up to 22 satellites and identifies locations anywhere in
the world. [11]

Figure 5: NEO-6M-0-001
Communication Technologies:

To achieve communication abilities many technologies and standards have been proposed.
Mobile-phone technologies (2G/3G/4G), Wi-Fi enabled Arduino like Wemos D1, Ethernet
Shield, GSM Module.

4.2.3. Feasibility

Economically (Real life implementation)

Since this project proposes prototype model for evaluation purpose it need to be studied in the
future work for the implementation purpose. All the materials we have used for the project model
are not the actual materials to be used in the real life. Economic feasibility will be handled by
taking school field study sample.

Economically (Development consideration)

The cost of proposed system in terms of developing is described in Chapter one page 20 system
requirement analysis part. Total cost estimation according to the design of the system is 1600
ETB. The School monitoring system with the mobile sender device has the advantages for
availability, management and running costs comparing with the previous monitoring system.

With the implementation of the system the contribution to economical case would be efficient
management of time, and human resource

Technically:

Since we use accurate sensing materials the necessary data are gathered in technical way due \to
this controlling of children status and check their security is also technically feasible. The
school monitoring system with the website has the advantages for availability, management
and running costs comparing with the previous monitoring system.

Behavioral /political feasibility:

The proposed system is behaviorally feasible and cannot cause any harm in the environments.
The project would be beneficial because it satisfies the need of the customer.

The project is free from any political issue this means the project cannot interfere with any

political issue and in reverse case any political issue cannot interfere with the project.

1.3. SYSTEM ANALYSIS & DESIGN

1.3.1. Requirement Specification

1.3.1.1. Functional requirement

 The system shall allow the user or family’s to register phone number.
 The system shall provide report for the ongoing day to day activity both for the schools
and families.
 The system should provide all the sensed data from each sensor send by text message.
 The system shall check the sensed data with the threshold value of each input.
 The system shall notify the user while the input value exceed or become below
the threshold value.

1.3.1.2. Non Functional requirement

 The system shall give the accurate result for different factors using sensing material as a
result their will not be any distractive damage.
 The system shall be maintainable whenever faller occurs.
 Sometime the GPS module works on rainy condition.
 The system is cost effective comparing to the features it provides.
 The system shall be usable within a few minutes training.

1.3.1.3. Flow Chart Diagram

 Children monitoring flow chart

START

SENSING DATA

READ SENSOR
DATA

COMPARE THE
SENSOR DATA

IF SENSOR
IN SCHOOL DATA OUT OF SCHOOL

SEND SMS

SEND SMS

END
Figure 6: FLOW CHART

1.3.2. Algorithms

Children monitoring System

Step 1: Start the process.

Step 2: Initialize power is supplied to microcontroller and sensors.

Step3: Check the speed and location of the children.

Step 4: Send all data gathered by text message.

Step 5: Display real time data that is sent to mobile phone.

Step 6: Check if the location will be different from set location.

Step 7: send text message.

Step 8: After the process completed, it moves to original state.

Step 9: Stop the process.

1.4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
1.4.1. DISCUSSION

When the children during movement the NEO-6M-0-001 measure the speed by kilometer by
second (KMPS) and it compare with threshold value. Depend on the measured value it conclude
the status and send text message for family.

It also detects the location and tracks the children. It have the location of school if the current
location of the children is not same with school location it send the current location of the
children.

1.4.2. Result

Some result from children monitoring system

Figure 7: children status on school
 Figure 1: children status out of school

Figure 9: children tracking on GOOGLE MAP

 REFERENCES

[1].Niti shree “A Review on IOT Based Smart GPS Device for Child and Women Safety
Applications” International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science
Volume 4, Issue 3, May-June, 2016
[2].Al-Gawagzeh Mohammed Yousef “A Multipurpose Child Tracking System Design
and Implementation”, 2009.
[3].Crossbow Technology : Inertial Systems : Company Overview – Crossbow, Investors Archived
July 11, 2007, at the Wayback Machine[online] Available:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossbow_Technology [Accessed JUNE 28, 2018].
[4]. Morris Williams, Owain Jones, Constance Fleuriot and Lucy Wood, "Children and emerging
Wireless Technologies", Conference on Human Factors in computing systems, 2005.
[5].Katin Michael, "The Emerging Ethics of Human Centric GPS Tracking and
Monitoring", International Conference on Mobile Business (ICM'06), 2006.
[6].Mazloum, A., E. Omer, and M. F. A. Abdullah. "GPS and SMS-based child tracking
system using smart phone." International Journal of Electrical, Robotics, Electronics and
Communications Engineering 7.2 (2013): 171-174.
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vehicle tracking system using GPS/GSM/GPRS technology and Smartphone application."
Internet of Things (WF-IoT), 2014 IEEE World Forum on. IEEE, 2014.
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[10]. Guide to NEO-6M GPS Module with Arduino [online] Available:
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[Accessed November 13, 2017].
[11]. Guide to SIM900 GSM GPRS Shield with Arduino [online] Available:
https://randomnerdtutorials.com/sim900-gsm-gprs-shield-arduino/ [Accessed
November 13, 2017].