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Introduction To Statistics and Data Collection

This document provides an introduction to statistics and data collection. It distinguishes between statistics and probability, identifies examples of questions that could be answered using statistics versus probability. It describes the concepts of data collection and the statistical process of solving problems including planning, collecting, verifying, and summarizing data to support decision-making. Specific methods of data collection mentioned include surveys, experiments, and observational studies. Contextualizing data is also discussed including identifying the six W's (who, what, when, where, why, how).

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Mildred Manalo
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127 views

Introduction To Statistics and Data Collection

This document provides an introduction to statistics and data collection. It distinguishes between statistics and probability, identifies examples of questions that could be answered using statistics versus probability. It describes the concepts of data collection and the statistical process of solving problems including planning, collecting, verifying, and summarizing data to support decision-making. Specific methods of data collection mentioned include surveys, experiments, and observational studies. Contextualizing data is also discussed including identifying the six W's (who, what, when, where, why, how).

Uploaded by

Mildred Manalo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Statistics and

Probability
Introduction to Statistics
and Data Collection
Objectives

• Distinguish between Statistics and Probability

• Identify questions that could be answered using Statistics

• Understand the concept of Data Collection

• Participate in a Data collection


Statistics Probability

Does Filipino prefer a dog pet How many chances do you win a
more than a cat? lottery jackpot?

In tossing a coin, how many chances How many students prefer face-
to get a “tail”? to-face classes for the upcoming
school year?
Probability
All about CHANCES or POSSIBILITIES.

Statistics
Refers to DATA.
Statistics
The word “Statistics” comes from the word
“State” because governments have been
involved in statistical activities, especially the
conduct of censuses

Statistics as a Tool in Statistical Process in


Decision-Making Solving a Problem
Statistics as a Tool in Decision-Making

It is a science that studies data to be able to


make a decision. It involves the methods of
collecting, processing, summarizing, and
analyzing data to provide answers or solutions
to an inquiry.
Statistical Process in Solving a Problem

After the data were gathered, we must verify


the quality of the data to make a good decision.
The information will be used in providing
answers to a problem or inquiry.
Statistical process in making a decision or providing solutions to a problem

• Planning or designing the collection of data to answer statistical questions in


a way that maximizes information content and minimizes bias.

• Collecting the data as required in the plan.

• Verifying the quality of the data after they were collected.

• Summarizing the information extracted from the data.

• Examining the summary statistics so that insight and meaningful information


can be produced to support decision-making or solutions to the question or
problem at hand.
Why is Statistics Important?
• characterize persons, objects, situations, and
phenomena

• explain relationships among variables

• formulate objective assessments and comparisons.

• make evidence-based decisions and predictions.


Some examples of the Role of Statistics in Real life
• Medical Field
• Education
• Business
• Government
• Agriculture
ACTIVITY
Questions that need/do not need a Statistical Tool.
What is the height/weight of your English Teacher?
Do not need Statistical Tool
Do Filipinos prefer Instagram more than Twitter?
Need Statistical Tool
What is Gab’s daily allowance?
Do not need Statistical Tool
What is the ratio of students preferring face-to-face classes to
students preferring online classes for the upcoming school year?
Need Statistical Tool
What is the ratio of students preferring face-to-face classes to
students preferring online classes for the upcoming school year?
Need Statistical Tool
REMEMBER

Statistics is the science of


collecting,analyzing,presenting
, and interpreting data. It is a
tool in decision-making and
used as solving a problem.
Data Collection
Collection of Data
- The first step in statistical investigation

- Is the procedure of collecting, measuring, and analyzing


accurate insights for research using standard validated
techniques
Confidentiality
The protection of data that relate to single
statistical units and are obtained directly
from the respondents. Agencies mandated
to collect data are bound by law to protect
the confidentiality of information provided
by respondents.
Performing Data Collection
It is important that you do provide the
needed information to the best of your
knowledge.
Contextualizing Data
- “Data“ – data are facts and figures that are presented,
collected and analyzed. Data are either numeric or non-
numeric and must be contextualized.

3, red, F, 156, 4, 65, 50, sad, mad, 25, 1, M, 9, 40, 68, blue, 78, 168, 69, 3, F, 6, 9,
45, 50, 20, 200, white, 2, pink, 16, happy

To contextualize data, we must identify its six W’s or to put meaning


on the data, we must know the following W’s of the data.
The six W’s of Data
1. Who? Who provided the data?
2. What? What are the information from the
respondents and What is the unit of measurement used
for each of the information (if there are any)?
3. When? When was the data collected?
4. Where? Where was the data collected?
5. Why? Why was the data collected?
6. HoW? HoW was the data collected
Some of the Methods used in Data
Collection
•Survey
•Experiment
•Observational Study
STUDENT INFORMATION SHEET
1. CLASS STUDENT NUMBER: ______________
2. SEX (Put a check mark): ____Male __ Female
3. NUMBER OF SIBLINGS: _____
4. WEIGHT (in kilograms): ______________
5. HEIGHT (in centimeters): ______
6. AGE OF MOTHER (as of her last birthday in years): ________ (If mother deceased,
provide age if she was alive)
7. USUAL DAILY ALLOWANCE IN SCHOOL (in pesos): _________________
8. USUAL DAILY FOOD EXPENDITURE IN SCHOOL (in pesos): ___________
9. USUAL NUMBER OF HOURS SPENT ON FACEBOOK IN A DAY: ______________
10. MOST PREFERRED COLOR (Put a check mark, √. Choose only one):
____WHITE ____RED ____ PINK ____ ORANGE
____GREEN ____BLUE ____PEACH ____BROWN CENSUS
____BLACK ____PURPLE ____YELLOW ____GRAY
11. USUAL SLEEPING TIME (on weekdays): ______________
12. HAPPINESS INDEX FOR THE DAY:
On a scale from 1 (very unhappy) to 10 (very happy), how do you feel today?
CENSUS
is the procedure of systematically calculating, acquiring and
recording information about the members of a given
population.

Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) is the government agency


mandated to conduct censuses and surveys.

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