HTML Interview Questions

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Contents

HTML Interview Questions and Answers

1.   Are the HTML tags and elements the same thing?
2.   What are tags and attributes in HTML?
3.   What are void elements in HTML?
4.   What is the advantage of collapsing white space?
5.   What are HTML Entities?
6.   What are different types of lists in HTML?
7.   What is the ‘class’ attribute in HTML?
8.   What is the difference between the ‘id’ attribute and the ‘class’ attribute of HTML
elements?
9.   Define multipart form data?
10.   Describe HTML layout structure.
11.   How to optimize website assets loading?
12.   What are the various formatting tags in HTML?
13.   What are the different kinds of Doctypes available?
14.   Please explain how to indicate the character set being used by a document in
HTML?

HTML5 Interview Questions

15.   What are some of the advantages of HTML5 over its previous versions?
16.   How can we include audio or video in a webpage?
17.   Inline and block elements in HTML5?
18.   What is the difference between , tags and , tags?

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 HTML Interview Questions

HTML5 Interview Questions (.....Continued)

19.   What is the difference between

tag and tag?

20.   How to specify the metadata in HTML5?

21.   What is the significance of and tag in HTML5?
22.   Is the
Let's get Started

Introduction:

Before starting with the interview questions on HTML Language, let’s first go through
HTML, what is HTML, the career opportunities it provides, etc.
HTML stands for HyperText Markup language. It is a standard text formatting
language used for developing web pages released in 1993. HTML is a language that is
interpreted by the browser and it tells the browser what to display and how to
display.
HTML is an important language to learn if anyone wants to work in the web
development domain [Web designers, Web Developers]. HTML alone is not sufficient
for a web developer because HTML only defines the structure of the data that will be
rendered on the browser in a webpage, to make it visually appealing and to make it
functional, we will need to use CSS and Javascript respectively.
The latest version of HTML is HTML5. There are two main components in HTML
language, Tags and Attributes. The below image shows some basic HTML tags and
attributes.
This article covers the most frequently asked HTML and HTML5 questions asked in
interviews.

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 HTML Interview Questions

HTML Interview Questions and Answers

1.   Are the HTML tags and elements the same thing?
No. HTML elements are defined by a starting tag, may contain some content and a
closing tag.For example, <h1>Heading 1</h1> is a HTML element but just <h1> is a
starting tag and </h1> is a closing tag.

2.   What are tags and attributes in HTML?

Tags are the primary component of the HTML that defines how the content will be
structured/ formatted, whereas Attributes are used along with the HTML tags to
define the characteristics of the element. For example, <p align=” center”>Interview
questions</p>, in this the ‘align’ is the attribute using which we will align the
paragraph to show in the center of the view.

3.   What are void elements in HTML?

HTML elements which do not have closing tags or do not need to be closed are Void
elements. For Example <br />, <img />, <hr />, etc.

4.   What is the advantage of collapsing white space?

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 HTML Interview Questions

In HTML, a blank sequence of whitespace characters is treated as a single space

character, Because the browser collapses multiple spaces into a single space
character and this helps a developer to indent lines of text without worrying about
multiple spaces and maintain readability and understandability of HTML codes.

5.   What are HTML Entities?

In HTML some characters are reserved like ‘<’, ‘>’, ‘/’, etc. To use these characters in
our webpage we need to use the character entities called HTML Entities. Below are a
few mapping between the reserved character and its respective entity character to be
used.

Character Entity Name Entity Number

< &lt; &#60;

> &gt; &#62;

& &amp; &#38;

(non-
breaking &nbsp; Eg.
&#160;
space) Eg. <p>10&nbsp&nbspPM</p>
10  PM

6.   What are different types of lists in HTML?

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 HTML Interview Questions

7.   What is the ‘class’ attribute in HTML?

The class attribute is used to specify the class name for an HTML element. Multiple
elements in HTML can have the same class value. Also, it is mainly used to associate
the styles written in the stylesheet with the HTML elements.

8.   What is the difference between the ‘id’ attribute and the

‘class’ attribute of HTML elements?
Multiple elements in HTML can have the same class value, whereas a value of id
attribute of one element cannot be associated with another HTML element.

9.   Define multipart form data?

Multipart form data is one of the values of the enctype attribute. It is used to send the
file data to the server-side for processing. The other valid values of the enctype
attribute are text/plain and application/x-www-form-urlencoded.

10.   Describe HTML layout structure.

Every web page has different components to display the intended content and a
specific UI. But still, there are few things which are templated and are globally
accepted way to structure the web page, such as:

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 HTML Interview Questions

<header>: Stores the starting information about the web page.

<footer>: Represents the last section of the page.
<nav>: The navigation menu of the HTML page.
<article>: It is a set of information.
<section>: It is used inside the article block to define the basic structure of a
page.
<aside>: Sidebar content of the page.

11.   How to optimize website assets loading?

To optimize website load time we need to optimize its asset loading and for that:
CDN hosting - A CDN or content delivery network is geographically distributed
servers to help reduce latency.
File compression - This is a method that helps to reduce the size of an asset to
reduce the data transfer
File concatenation - This reduces the number of HTTP calls
Minify scripts - This reduces the overall file size of js and CSS files
Parallel downloads - Hosting assets in multiple subdomains can help to bypass
the download limit of 6 assets per domain of all modern browsers. This can be
configured but most general users never modify these settings.
Lazy Loading - Instead of loading all the assets at once, the non-critical assets
can be loaded on a need basis.

12.   What are the various formatting tags in HTML?

 HTML has various formatting tags:

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 HTML Interview Questions

<b> - makes text bold

<i> - makes text italic
<em> - makes text italic but with added semantics importance
<big> - increases the font size of the text by one unit
<small> - decreases the font size of the text by one unit
<sub> - makes the text a subscript
<sup> - makes the text a superscript
<del> - displays as strike out text
<strong> - marks the text as important
<mark> - highlights the text
<ins> - displays as added text

13.   What are the different kinds of Doctypes available?

The three kinds of Doctypes which are available:
Strict Doctype 
Transitional Doctype
Frameset Doctype

14.   Please explain how to indicate the character set being used

by a document in HTML?
The character set is defined in <meta> tag inside <head> element.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
...
...
</head>
...
</html>

HTML5 Interview Questions

15.   What are some of the advantages of HTML5 over its previous
versions?

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 HTML Interview Questions

Some advantages of HTML5 are:-

It has Multimedia Support.
It has the capabilities to store offline data using SQL databases and application
cache.
Javascript can be run in the background.
HTML5 also allows users to draw various shapes like rectangles, circles, triangles,
etc.
Included new Semantic tags and form control tags.

16.   How can we include audio or video in a webpage?

HTML5 provides two tags: <audio> and <video> tags using which we can add the
audio or video directly in the webpage.

17.   Inline and block elements in HTML5?

Inline Block

Inline elements just take

up the space that is
Block elements start on a new
absolutely necessary for
line and consume the full width
the content and does not
of the page available.
start from a new line.
Example:- <div>, <p>, <header>,
Example:- <span>, <a>,
<footer>, <h1>...<h6>, <form>,
<strong>, <img>,
<table>, <canvas>, <video>,
<button>, <em>, <select>,
<blockquote>, <pre>, <ul>,
<abbr>, <label>, <sub>,
<ol>, <figcaption>, <figure>,
<cite>, <abbr>, <script>,
<hr>, <article>, <section>, etc.
<label>, <i>, <input>,
<output>, <q>, etc.

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 HTML Interview Questions

18.   What is the difference between , tags and , tags?

The effect on a normal webpage of the tags <strong>, <b>  and <em>, <i> is the
same. <b> and <i> tags stands for bold and italic. These two tags only apply font
styling and bold tag <b>, just adds more ink to the text, these tags don't say
anything about the text.
Whereas, <strong> and <em> tags represent that the span of text is of strong
importance or more importance and emphatic stress respectively than the rest of
the text. These tags have semantic meaning.

19.   What is the difference between

tag and tag?

The <figure> tag specifies the self-contained content, like diagrams, images,
code snippets, etc. <figure> tag is used to semantically organize the contents of
an image like image, image caption, etc., whereas the <img> tag is used to
embed the picture in the HTML5 document.

20.   How to specify the metadata in HTML5?

To specify we can use <meta> tag which is a void tag,i.e., it does not have a
closing tag. Some of the attributes used with meta tags are name, content, http-
equiv, etc. The below image tells how to specify the metadata.

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