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Instructional Module for Reading and Writing Skills

UNIT 1: Reading and Thinking Strategies Across Text Types

Lesson 3 – Patterns of Development

OVERVIEW
When we write, we have a purpose in mind. Some of the most common purposes are
to inform, to entertain, and to persuade. We need to know our purpose because it would
guide the way we develop ideas in our composition.

Hence, before you can write about your topic of choice, it is important to be
acquainted with various patterns of development. Knowing these different patterns would
not only allow you to appreciate the text you read but it helps you to develop your original
works too.

https://images.app.goo.gl/PqMPu7p9Y5HWC7pQ7

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:

a. Cognitive: Identify the different patterns of development.
b. Affective: Recognize the important parts of each pattern of development; and
c. Psychomotor: Record a panel discussion of a particular issue using different
patterns of development.

“Prayer before class”

Holy Spirit, be with me as I prepare to teach these children of God. Give me
the words to speak the name of Jesus to my students with love and compassion. Attune the
ear of my heart to listen for opportunities to pray with my students. Help me look for
moments to be your voice, hands, and heart to all those whom I encounter today. I ask this
in Jesus' name .
Your Learning Materials

Patterns of Development

Narration- it is the most basic pattern of development. It describes how, when, and where
an event or occurrence happens. It is used to tell a story or focus on a set of related events.
This sort of paragraph requires chronological ordering. Using transitional words and phrases
that signal time is highly recommended. It is like telling a story.

Description- when using this pattern of development, we describe how something or

someone looks, feels, sounds, tastes, o smells. Simply put, we describe those we can
perceive using our five senses.
We also used a description when talking about the location of someone or
something. We also used description to elaborate on the nature of people, places, and
phenomena among others.

Definition- when we define things, we focus on what something is by highlighting its

theoretical or conceptual definition, or, from a scientific standpoint, its classes. It explains
not just what something means or is, but also what something does, what something is used
for, and what something looks like.

Classification and Exemplification- in developing a paragraph using exemplification (or

illustration), the writer develops a general statement, the topic sentence, with one or more
examples. Illustrations through clear and specific examples help explain the abstract idea
and illuminate or clarify meaning in texts. Writes use examples to make a general idea clear
and to exemplify an idea. The exemplification may belong or maybe short.

Comparison and Contrast- a paragraph that demonstrates comparison and/ or contrast

examines how given subjects are either similar or different. Comparison examines how the
subjects are the same. Contrast examines how the subjects are different. Central to the
development using this pattern is the effective use of appropriate transitional words and
phrases that signal comparison and contrast.

Cause and Effect- the Cause and Effect as a method in developing a paragraph is useful in
explaining why something happens. A paragraph emphasizing the “cause” normally starts
with an effect. The goal of this is to explore how a particular paragraph is to explore how
such an effect came to be. Similarly, a paragraph emphasizing the “effect” begins with a
particular cause then explains the consequences of the effects of the cause.

Process Analysis- a process analysis is a discussion of the steps one must take to achieve a
particular end. Some process analysis writing is intended for an audience that needs to learn
how to perform a process themselves. Other process analysis writing is informative rather
than instructional. Some process analysis work on both levels.

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 Process analysis is a kind of paragraph that is used to teach someone how to do
something. The steps in a process happen in a sequence, thus, are presented in
chronological order. To indicate the sequence, a transitional expression such as “first,”
“second,” “then,” and “finally,” are used.

Division and Classification- when you used the division strategy you are discussing a single
item and breaking it down into its components. Whereas, when you use the classification
technique, you are taking many separate items and grouping them into categories according
to qualities and characteristics that they all share.

Problem and Solution- one of the commonly used paragraph patterns is the problem
/solution pattern. It has two parts: a problem and a solution. The writer presents the
problem and some facts or reasons why it is a problem. Naturally, readers look for a solution
to the problem. The closing statement or conclusion highlights the connection between the
problem and the solution.

Persuasion- to persuade is to convince someone that your opinion on a subject is the right
one. With appropriate style or words, one may not even know he/she is being persuaded as
in the case of buying a certain product. As you write persuasively, think about your audience
and the kind of evidence your audience would likely respond to. In this way, your paragraph
will become more convincing.

Supporting video material: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1gmNnJG7eCo

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9x9jIzhkgeQ

CONNECTING WHAT YOU LEARNED

As a student of an Augustinian and Marian educational community dedicated to
creating a more sustainable world, reflect on the learning that you gained after taking up
this lesson by answering the question below.

1. What new or additional learning have you had after taking up this lesson in terms of skill,
content, and attitude?

“Prayer after class”

Almighty God, You have given my kids all the talents, abilities, and spiritual gifts
they need to follow your plan for their lives. Lord, help them use those gifts to serve you.
First and others second, so that your will is accomplished in their lives. Lord, fill their lives
with trusted teachers and advisers who can lead them toward you and your promises. Help
them turn to you as they learn and grow so they can lead to fruitful and prosperous lives.

REFERENCES
Austin Community College. Purposes and patterns for Writing. Retrieved from
http://austincc.edu/writing/purposes01.html

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 Brufee, Kenneth A. 1980. A short Course in writing. Little, Brown, and Company Inc.
Bartholomae, David, and Beth M. 2009. The University of Pittsburgh Study of Writing.
Bean, John C. 2001. Engaging Ideas: The Professor’s Guide to Integrating Writing, Critical Thinking,
and Active Learning in the Classroom.
VanderMey, Randall et al. The College Reader.
Eraut, M. (2004). Informal Learning in the workplace. Studies in Continuing Education, 26 (2), 247-
274.
Fuller, A., & Unwin, L. (2004). Young people as teachers and learners in the workplace: Challenging
the novice-expert dichotomy, International Journal of Training and Development, 8(1), 32-42.
King, Stephen (2010) On writing: A memoir of the craft. Simon and Schuster, Inc. New York
Knowles, M.S. (1980). The modern practice of adult education: from pedagogy to andragogy.
Chicago: Follet.

HELPLINES
You may contact these persons in case you need assistance, we’d be happy to assist you,
always! ☺
• GUIDANCE OFFICE: (034) 434 9661 local 212
• EDUCATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALIST: Ms. Razel S. Valdez
[email protected] (034) 434 9661 local 332
• CSF/COACH MENTOR (Grade 12): Ms. Wilma Grace Amar
[email protected] (034) 434 9661 local 112
• CSF/COACH MENTOR (Grade 11): Mr. Joselito M. Diaz
[email protected] (034) 434 9661 local 312
• CAMPUS MINISTER: Ms. Mary Joy R.Servicio
[email protected] (034) 434 9661 local 211

Name: RWS
Section: Reading and Writing Skills
Date of Submission: Lesson 3

Task 3 – Panel Discussion

Instruction: Form a team of five. Choose two patterns of development and a prevalent
national issue. Your task is to apply the selected patterns of development in a panel
discussion about a national issue (e.g. 2022 National Election, COVID Response, Online Class
in the Pandemic, etc.) through an audio recording of 2-3 minutes. Please provide a transcript
of your audio recording and indicate the patterns of developments employed in the panel
discussion and name your audio file as National Issue- Section (e.g. COVID Response- St.
Bernward)

Rubric:
Features Expert (30 pts) Accomplished (20 pts) Capable (10 pts) Beginner (5 pts)
Discussion of the topic The topic was discussed The topic was discussed The topic lacks a The topic was discussed
very clearly; style, clearly; it was somehow number of information. vaguely. (3 points)
voice, and necessary informative. (11- 7 (6-4 points)

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 information are points)
evident. (15-12 points)
Quality of Recording The audio recording The audio recording The audio recording The audio recording
was audible and clear; was audible. (11-7 was barely audible; was not clear at all.
easy to understand. points) there were unnecessary (3 points)
(15-12 points) noises. (6-4 points)

Timeliness and All standards and Almost all the standards Major non-compliance to Major non-compliance to
Compliance to Standards guidelines set were and guidelines set were standards and guidelines. standards and guidelines.
complied with. Output was complied with. Output was Output was submitted Output was not submitted
submitted ahead or during submitted ahead or during during the deadline. (5 during the deadline. (1
the deadline (10 the deadline. (7 POINTS) POINTS) POINT)
POINTS)

REMINDERS
• Next week’s lesson: Properties of a Well-Written Text

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