EŞ ANLAMLI CÜMLE 1

1. The expansion of New England was in part stimulated by the desire for better land.
a) Stimulated in part by her greed for good arable soil, New England began to expand rapidly.
b) It was simply the poor quality or the land that made New England desirous of expanding her
boundries.
c) Her original lands proving inadequate, New England soon felt obliged to start expanding.
d) Desirous of acquiring part of this richer soil, New England soon began to extend her
boundaries.
e) The desire for better land was one reason why New England extended her boundaries.
2. Actually, I try to keep out of her way because, whenever I do run into her, she pesters me for a loan.
a) Whatever you do, don’t ever give her a loan or you’ll find yourself forced to lend her money
every time she asks for it.
b) Even so, it’s best to keep out of her way, if you can, as she takes every available opportunity
to get money out of you.
c) As a matter of fact, I avoid her as much as possible since, if we ever do happen to meet, she’s
sure to work on met o lend her money.
d) Even so, I prefer not to risk a meeting with her as I know she will do her best to make me lend
her the money.
e) I’d rather not put myself in a position to be forced to lend her money again.
3. The increasing wealth of late medieval Europe transformed the social structure of European society.
a) Europe in the Middle Ages accumulated much wealth, and this was due to new developments
in European society.
b) In the late Middle Agees, Europe became increasingly rich, and this led to a structural change
in society.
c) The social changes witnessed in Europe towards the end of the Middle Ages were wholly related
to contemporary economic prosperity.
d) European society in the late Middle Ages underwent a process of change due to the rise of
wealthy classes.
e) It was at the close of the Middle Ages that Europe experienced a major social and economic
transformation.
4. By all accounts, the operation was a success, but the period of recuperation looks like being a long
one.
a) So long as the operation is carried out successfully, the period of recuperation that follows will
be short.
b) Even if the operation is successful, it will be a long time before he gets back to normal.
c) Since the operation was only a partial success, we mustn’t expect a speedy recovery.
d) The operation was a huge success, so he is expected to be back to normal almost at once.
e) The operation apparently went off well, but quite some time may be required for him to recover
fully.
5. If the film focuses on terrorism, it is not likely to attract large audiences.
a) Films that focus on terrorism are not as popular as they used to be.
b) If terrorism is central to the film, it probably won’’t achieve much popularity.
c) As the film touches on terrorism we can’t expect it to be popular.
d) Unless there is at least a background of terrorism to the film, it won’t be a fit.
e) If you want the film to be a box-office success, choose any subject but terrorism.

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6. It is not the cost of the gift but its appropriateness that matters.
a) A present that isn’t fitting isn’t worth the money.
b) The important thing is the suitability of a gift, not how much is paid for it.
c) Not caring about the price ensures that the right present is bought.
d) It doesn’t matter that the present is appropriate because the cost isn’t.
e) It doesn’t matter that the gift is unsuitable, because the price was low.
7. Try to avoid confusing the students by making too complicated explanations.
a) The students got confused because your explanations were rather complex.
b) The more complicated the explanations, the more confused the students get.
c) In order not to cause confusion among the students, your explanations should be fairly simple.
d) The complexity of your explanations usually causes confusion among the students.
e) Most of the students get easily confused if the explanations are not clear enough.
8. People have usually assumed that this mountain village was abandoned because easier living
conditions were available elsewhere.
a) The prospect of better living conditions in another place must have tempted the inhabitants
to desert this mountain village.
b) Apparently, people abandoned this mountain village, tempted by th prospect of a better way
of life elsewhere.
c) It must have been hard to make a livelihood in this mountain village, so people opted out and
went in search of an easier way of life.
d) The mountain village was presumably abandoned when people realized that easier conditions
were on offer elsewhere.
e) It has generally been presumed that people deserted this mountain village because there was
the prospect of a pleasanter way of life in another place.
9. An enduring illusion of the Americans is that every social imperfection can be corrected simply
by passing a law.
a) Americans can still be deluded into thinking that social problems can be effectively overcome
by passing laws.
b) The erroneous belief that social defects can easily be overcome by the passing of laws still
persists among the people of America.
c) Among the recurring delusions of Americans is the idea that, by passing laws of remedy can
be found for all social grievances.
d) A continuing misconception of the Americans is that all it takes to rectify a social shortcoming
is the passing of a law.
e) Americans can eeasily be tricked into believing that all social wrongs can be righted by the
passing of laws.
10. We might well find that we need more than three weeks in which to complete a report of this kind.
a) It shouldn’t take us more than three weeks to finish a report like this one.
b) We might as well try to get this report finished within three weeks.
c) I don’t imagine we can get through this report in three weeks, but we can try.
d) A report of this kind has never been drawn up in under three weeks.
e) It is quite likely that three weeks won’t be sufficient for us to finalize such a report.

11. Hardly a day goes without someone coming in to complain about the unreliability of the ferry

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 service because it runs so erratically.
a) There is always someone here criticising the ferry service because it runs so erratically.
b) The unreliability of the ferry service is one reason why so many people come in every
day to complain.
c) Most of the complaints we hear day after day, about the ferry service relate to its unreliability.
d) Someone comes in just about everyday to express their dissatisfaction with the ferry service
because it is so undependable.
e) Again and again, these people have been criticising the ferry service because it’s badly run.
12. Leonardo da Vinci forged close friendships with a wide variety of people, from humble
apprentices to the king of France.
a) Leonardo da Vinci had some close friends, who mainly included apprentices and also the king
of France.
b) Among the few people Leonardo da Vinci regarded as his friends were some poor apprentices
as well as the king of France.
c) Leonardo da Vinci was very fond of his friends, who in fact consisted of the French king and
some poor apprentices.
d) Leonardo da Vinci had a wide range of close friends, including poor apprentices and also the
king of France.
e) The king of France and a number of apprentices were the only people who made friends with
Leonardo da Vinci.
13. For once I feel inclined to agree with Richard though usually I don’t approve of his ideas.
a) I reckon this is the first time Richard and I agree for I generally find his views somewhat amoral.
b) Once in a while I like to agree with Richard as I usually come out in opposition to him.
c) As often as not Richard and I hold completely different views, so he’ll be surprised to find me
agreeing with him.
d) On certain issues Richard and I are in agreement, but on the whole I find his point of view
rather disgusting.
e) More often than not I find Richard’s ideas rather repulsive, but on this occasion he just might
be right.
14. The dramatic fall in share prices took even the experts by surprise.
a) Even those in the know were unprepared fort he rapid drop in share prices.
b) The experts themselves were worried at the sudden drop in share prices.
c) The rapid fall in share prices came as a shock to all but the experts.
d) Even those who had been following share prices closely hadn’t expected them to fall so
dramatically.
e) When share prices suddenly dropped, even those who knew the market well were apprehensive.
15. One can hardly expect profits to double again this year.
a) Profits will probably drop by as much as 50 percent again this year.
b) They don’t expect this year to be profitable at all.
c) It’s quite possible that profits this year will be halved again.
d) It won’t be easy to double the profits again this year.
e) It’s not likely that profits will again go up by 100 percent this year.

16. What is certain is that Azerbaijan’s oil-fired economy has been booming in recent years.
a) Although Azerbaijan’s economy is largely dependent on oil, in rcent years it has entered

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 a period of recession.
b) There is no doubt that, over the past few years, Azerbaijan’s economy, which thrives entirely
on oil, has been growing fast.
c) Since Azerbaijan’s economic prosperity is related to oil, there has been some minor improvement
lately.
d) It is only in recent years that, because of its oil, Azerbaijan has experienced some economic
progress.
e) Over the past few years, due to an increase in its oil output, Azerbaijan’s economy has become
much stronger.
17. Information systems technology is one of several tools available to managers for coping with change.
a) The best means by which managers can cope with change is Information systems technology.
b) Information systems technology is the one medium which managers turn to when change
becomes inevitable.
c) With the introduction of information systems technology managers new have a tool to ensure
they can cope with change.
d) Information systems technology is one of a number of mediums which managers can turn to
when faced with change.
e) With the assisstance of, for instance, information systems technology, managers find they can
keep control over change.
18. The majority of his colleagues might have believed such promises two years ago, but not any longer.

a) A couple of years ago, when he made those promises, less than half of his collagues believed him.
b) It is not difficult for him to deceive his collagues now as it was two years ago.
c) He’s making the same promises now as he did two years ago, but this time most of his collagues
don’t believe him.
d) Many of his collagues now realise that he didn’t keep his promises he made two years ago.
e) A couple of years ago he could, perhaps, have deceived his collagues with the promises, but
not now.
19. At this stage there is no sense in discussing the matter with anyone else.
a) Whatever happens, news of the matter must not be allowed to leak out.
b) There is a lot at stake so the matter must not be allowed to go any further.
c) For now, the fewer the people who know, the better.
d) For the present it’s pointless to bring others into the discussion.
e) Once the stage is passed we can safely ask the others for their opinions.
20. Obviously, concessions will have to be made on both sides if an agreement is to be reached.
a) Allowances will have to be made on both sides if they fail to reach an agreement.
b) If either side shows positive signs of giving ways the resulting agreementwill not be
in their favour.
c) Both sides have admitted that they are not willing to make any concessions.
d) Before coming to an agreement, both sides will hav to discuss any concessions thy might
consider making.
e) Clearly, there can only be an agreement so long as both sides are willing to give way over
something.