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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

Day-1

Node JS
INTRODUCTION
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Node.js is an open-source,
cross-platform, JavaScript
runtime environment
that executes JavaScript
code outside of a browser.
(From Wikipedia)
HARD TO UNDERSTAND RIGHT?

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-------
If I just give a
short INTRO
about it then
-------

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A PLATFORM
which allows us
to run JAVASCRIPT
on a computer/server

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CRUD options for

files (Create, Read,
Update, Delete)

Can use with

any type of
DATABASE

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Why
NODE is
so popular?

JAVASCRIPT
everywhere

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SUPER FAST

LIGHTWEIGHT

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Huge
ECOSYSTEM

Great
for real time
application

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HIGH
performance

Easy to
LEARN

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NOW TELL ME
DO YOU LIKE
NODE JS ?

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

Day-2

Install NODE JS
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Go to node website
https://nodejs.org/en/

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In my pc node was installed

before which is 10.16.3
but you can install 12.13.1
(LTS Recommended For Most
Users)
because LTS means
Long Term Support

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Download and install

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Now open command promt

and write `node -v`
then you'll see
what version use are using
of node.

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create a folder
and name it
whatever you want

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create a file
and name it
whatever you want
with .js extention

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Write the simple code

in there

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Open command promt

on this folder
and write command
`node YOURFILENAME`
like `node app.js`

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AND MAGIC!!! SEE THE RESULT!

So did you
installed it properly?

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

Day-3

JAVASCRIPT
Engine
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WHY WE NEED
JAVASCRIPT ENGINE ?

Because computer is not smart

enough to understand javascript
without javascript engine.

So, Javascript engine work as a

middle man to make computer
understand the javascript.

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SO WHAT IS THE
PURPOSE OF
JAVASCRIPT ENGINE ?

Make the javascript codes into

machine/binary codes.

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SOME JAVASCRIPT
ENGINES
V8 by Google for Chrome(most used)
SpiderMonkey by Mozila for Firexof
JavascriptCore by Apple for Safari
Chakra by Microsoft for Microsoft
Edge
Hemes engine by Facebook for
Android apps
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WHAT IS V8 ?
V8 is an open-source JavaScript
engine developed by The Chromium
Project for Google Chrome and
Chromium web browsers.
The project’s creator is Lars Bak.
The first version of the V8 engine was
released at the same time as the
first version of Chrome: September 2,
2008. (wikipedia)
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SO HOW V8 WORKS?

We write codes
It goes to v8
Finally v8 changes it to c++
c++ changed into assembly language
Finally assembly to machine codes

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ARE YOU FEELING TIRED

AFTER ALL THESE
INFORMATION ?

One tricky question for you then,

if every company can make their own
version of engine then they should not
make it in their way right ?
Why same javascript codes works
on all browser in a same way ?

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TIRED OF SEARCHING
ANWSER ?

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Because everyone follow

'ECMAScript'. This is standardized
for writing JavaScript engine!

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Do you learnt
something new today ?
Share and comment to
help others too!

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Day-4

Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

WINDOW === GLOBAL

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IF YOU KNOW JAVASCRIPT

ALREADY THEN YOU KNOW
THERE IS A WINDOW OBJECT
IN CONSOLE

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IF YOU NEW TO JAVASCRIPT

THEN JUST OPEN YOUR
CONSOLE IN BROWSER AND
WRITE `WINDOW` THERE
AND YOU CAN SEE WHAT
INSIDE THIS WINDOW OBJECT

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NOW WE ARE NOT IN

BROWSER SO WE DON'T
HAVE ANY ACCESS TO
THE WINDOW.
SO WHAT IS IN NODE ?

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YOU CAN GO TO LATEST DOC

OF NODE JS BY
https://nodejs.org/dist/latest-v12.x/docs/api/

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GOOD THING IS YOU CAN

ACCESS THE `GLOBAL` OBJECT
WHICH IS SAME AS `WINDOW`
https://nodejs.org/dist/latest-v12.x/docs/api/globals.html

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NOW YOU CAN USE ALL THE

FUNCTIONS LIKE -
setInterval, setTimeout ETC
ON APP.JS

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EXAMPLE

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RUN THE CODE BY

`NODE APP.JS`

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Did you understand

TODAY'S LESSON ?
You can comment anytime
if you've any question!

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Day-5

Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

Function Function
Declarations Expressions

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Function Declarations
are normal function
we write!

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Example
(FUNCTION DECLARATIONS)

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FUNCTION
EXPRESSIONS

The function keyword

can be used to define
a function inside
an expression. [MDN]

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Example
(FUNCTION EXPRESSIONS)

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Why this is
IMPORTANT ?

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Because this pattern

is used widely
in JAVASCRIPT

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This will help you

understand and write
small function easily
inside of a
EXPRESSION

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Function Declarations
vs.
Function Expressions

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SO ARE YOU
ENJOYING
THIS SERIES ?
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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days
Day-6

KEYWORDS
'REQUIRE'
&
'MODULE'
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Create two files `app.js`

and `song.js`. you can
create your files as
your desired name.

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First we'll write

some codes in
`song.js` file

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I know what you are thinking why there is

a extra line `module.exports` in the end of
this file.
This module.exports will available this
function sing to everyone who required it.
So how to require ?

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You can just start require

by writing require('./song)
it will automatically
understand it is a js file

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Now you can call the

sing file by require it
and store it in a variable

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Now you can call

the function from the
`app.js` file

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You can run the file

now by command
`node app.js`

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Final Result

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DO YOU UNDERSTAND
the Require
and module now ?

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days
Day-7

MORE
'MODULE'

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We are using files as last

posts. Now it can happens
that in our `song` folder there
are two different functions.

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Now how to send this both

module, as per we know from last
posts we can't send both functions
using this module.exports

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Adding
module.exports.VARIABLE_NAME
we can send it to other file

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By using
Song.VARIABLE_NAME
what we've send from `song.js` file
we can call the functions

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This is not all,

there are some others way
you can do it to.
What if you have
100functions in the
same file are you going to
write one by one ?

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Now we can just use

module.exports as a object !

-Example-

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`app.js` will be the same and if we

run it now then same result

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now we can modify code a bit. When

the name are same in es6 version we can
write just once.

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SO, DO YOU FEEL

YOU KNOW A BIT ABOUT
MODULE NOW ?

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Day-8

Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

VAR CONST LET

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Before es6 `VAR` was the King.

We used var in everywhere
we wants to declare a variable

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`var` variables can be

re-declared and updated

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`Now we divide
var with
two different types
one CONST &
other LET

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CONST is declared
for those value
which will not
changed anytime!
Or will not be updated
at any point

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`CONST` cannot be updated

or re-declared
this will give a error
you can't run code

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We use LET when their is a

change of updating the
variable

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LET can be updated but

not re-declared.
this will give a error
you can't run code

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So in es6 we use
LET & CONST
not Var!

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Do you knew this

BEFORE ?

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Day-9

Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

MASTERING
EVENTEMITTER

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Events (Core module of node js)

https://nodejs.org/api/events.html

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First we need to require the

`events`

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Now we can do something for

clicking any element.

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This `event` module

will help us to use
click and different events.
We can now create
custom events also!

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For using the custom event first

we'll
`const myEmitter = new events()`
and get new events on myEmitter

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Second step is making a new

custom event which is called
`customEvent` in this occassion

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Then finally we need to make

this event happens using
`myEmitter.emit`

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FINAL RESULT

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So do you understand
a bit of EventEmitter
right now ?

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

Day-10

File
READ & WRITE
using node api fs
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Go to
https://nodejs.org/dist/latest-v12.x/docs/api/fs.html
then you can see oficial document
of fs

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Now,
first we need to require the fs
and store it on a const by writing
`const fs = require('fs')`

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We are going to use

`fs.readFileSync`

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I am using a `song.txt` file

on same folder and read file
text using `readFileSync`
and console log it

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Run it and see the magic

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We are going to use

writeFileSync for the writing
in song.txt file

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Using fs.writeFileSync
(path, dataForWrite)
we can write in the file,
what we need to write.

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After write, we need to read

the data so that we can see
if we write in file properly

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DID YOU USED

FS MODULE BEFORE ?

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

Day-11

Creating
and
Deleting Folders
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We are on the same fs module

for the creating and deleting folders
https://nodejs.org/dist/latest-v12.x/docs/api/fs.html

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We are going to use `fs.mkdirSync`

to make new folder

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I'm creating a new folder called

`song` by writing fs.mkdirSync

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Run it using `node app.js`

It created a new song folder
on the dir

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Now we are going to use

`fs.rmdirSync` to delete the folder

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We can delete dir by

fs.rmdirSync(path) so we'll try it

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Run it using `node app.js`

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So
we created and deleted folder
easily using `fs.mkdirSync`
and `fs.rmdirSy

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DO YOU HAVE
ANY QUESTIONS ?

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

Day-12

Creating
OWN SERVER

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Client make a request to the server

and server provide the files using
socket.
So we are going to learn about
how to make our own server using
node today!

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We are going to use http module

for this.
You can find the offical document here
https://nodejs.org/dist/latest-v12.x/docs/api/http.html

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First we are going to require http

and store it to http variable using
`const http = require('http')`

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We are going to use

http.createServer for creating
the server

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We can just start our server using

`const server = http.createServer()`
but there are some more work to do.

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We need to write a function inside

the createServer() so that we can
get the request and response
according about it

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now we can send data to request

using `res.end('Hey everyone!')`
and we need to give a port to listen.
In my case I'm using 3000.

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Now run the code using `node app.js`

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and finally go to localhost:3000

and you can see the result

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

Day-13

BUFFER
&
STREAM
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Do you know What is buffer ?

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Temporary storage spot for a chunk

of data that can be transferred
a small amount at a time

DATA

BUFFER
DATA
IS
GOING

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Buffer class is a global class

that can be accessed
in an application
without importing the
buffer module.

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There are some ways

you can call buffer.

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Do you know what is stream ?

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Streams are objects

that let you read data
from a source
or
write data
to a destination
in continuous fashion.

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There are four type of stream

in node js.
a) Readable −
Stream which is used for
read operation.
b) Writable −
Stream which is used for
write operation.

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(OTHER TWO)
c)Duplex −
Stream which can be used for both
read and write operation.
d)Transform −
A type of duplex stream where
the output is computed based
on input.

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Do you knew this

'Buffer' & 'Stream' before ?

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

Day-14

SERVING
HTML PAGES

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Do you know
we can send html pages
to the client?

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Yes! You can do it using node js.

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First we'll create

the server as like day 12

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For sending the html file we need

the fs module which in built in node.

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I got the starter from bootstrap -

https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.4/getting-started/introduction/

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We need to create stream using

fs module. So that we can send
the html file.

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Then we can send it using pipe

and send the response.

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NOW RUN IT USING `NODE APP.JS`

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See the result

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

Day-15

Sending JSON
to Client

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Do you know we can send JSON

object to the client side ?

And we mostly use JSON data to

pass client side.

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We'll do it using `res.end()`

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We need to create a server first.

You can see it from day 12.

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Now we can create an JSON object

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Now change the Content-Type

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We can send the data to frontend

now using `res.end(JSONObject)`

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`JSON.stringify()` A common use of

JSON is to exchange data to/from
a web server.

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Called server using postman -

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Can you send JSON data

using node js now ?

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

Day-16

Routing (Basic)

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We've already created basic server

before so we already know how to
start a server and get reponse.
But how we can go on a specific
route ?

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Solution is not that hard actually.

We can check req.url first,
which url client is asking for,
then we can provide
the data basis on that.

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To make the routing,

first we can check the request url
using if and send some reponse
based on that.

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Run it using `node app.js`

and check in browser
http://localhost:3000/home

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Now we can easily add new page.

ex- about us page

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Stop the server and re-run again

using `node app.js`

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We can add more

pages like this.
But what if someone
request a url we didn't listed ?

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Solution is pretty simple just add

a else for that and send
tell them not found.

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Finally you can check using the

wrong url.

“SO CAN YOU WRITE

ROUTES NOW ?”

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

Day-17

Npm -
Node Package
Manager

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NPM is a package manager

for the JavaScript programming
language.
It is the default package manager
for the JavaScript runtime
environment Node.js.
(wikipedia)

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UNDERSTAND ANYTHING ?

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A package manager or
package-management system is a
collection of software tools that
automates the process of installing,
upgrading, configuring, and removing
computer programs for a computer's
operating system in a consistent
manner. (wikipedia)

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So basically npm is a system

what we can use to do different
things with our codebase to manage
properly.
https://www.npmjs.com/

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Now it's time to use npm.

We can start configure a project
using `npm init`.
It will promt up some question and
most basically we are going to say
yes to them.
So shortcut way is just add -yes
after everything. like - `npm init -yes`

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Now we'll see there is a new file

call `package.json`
In `package.json` we can see all the
data about the npm created for us.
Now we're ready to use npm.

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We are going to use

express-js(node js framework)
for further tutorials.
Now let's install it
now current project.

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Honestly it's so easy.

Just use the cmd and type npm
install express.

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Check the `package.json` file.

“WOW!!! YOU'VE INSTALLED

A PACKAGE USING NPM!”
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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days
Day-18

Why
Express JS ?
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In last tutorial we learnt about

installing express js using npm.
But honestly why express js and
what are options we have ?

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Frameworks helps us to write code

easily and maintain a standard
of our codes.
This really needed when multiple
team member are working
on the same code.

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Can you think how many node js

framework are available right now ?

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Actually many!
I didn't find a number to tell you.
But I can listed some -
- Express.js
- Nest.js
- Sails.js
- Koa.js
and many more

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See survery of 2018 ---

https://2018.stateofjs.com/back-end-frameworks/overview/

Express js is dominating when it's

time for a backend framework

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Learning and using popular

framework has a good benefits
honestly.
Because there is a huge community
who can help you, also you can get
some decent jobs on the popular
framework.
But is this all the reason why I choose
express ?

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No there are more.

SWIPE TO KNOW

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Express is
- Fast & Simple
- Speedy
- Scalable
- Easy to Learn

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SO ARE YOU INTERESTED

TO LEARN
MORE ABOUT EXPRESS ?

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days
Day-19

NODEMON
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Up until now we've faced an issue.

Did you noticed it already ?

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Everytime we change some part

of our code
and we had to re-run
again right ?
Isn't it tiring ?

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We can easily end this re-run

process by using a package
call nodemon.
So how to use this nodemon ?

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Check out the docs first

about the nodemon.
https://www.npmjs.com/package/nodemon

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`npm install -g nodemon`

will installed nodemon,
but what is the `-g` ?
Up until now we never saw
something like this right ?
`-g` means global.
Installing globally means
we use this package
from any npm projects.

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There is two way we can now use the

nodemon. Easiest one is - just simply
write nodemon in the console and it
will start the server.

Nodemon is smart enough to point

app.js when you just call it using
nodemon, you can write nodemon
app.js too.
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The second way to use script on the

`package.json` file. We are making a
start script using nodemon.

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Now write `npm start` in console

and we're getting the exact same
thing like before.

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Now we can change anything

and save it,
nodemon will automatically restart
the server for us
with new changes.
SO ARE YOU GOING TO
USE NODEMON ?

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days
Day-20

EXPRESS JS
INTRODUCTION

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We can start using checking

the official document of express js
https://expressjs.com/

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We are going to use express

mostly for 3 reasons.
- Easy routing system
- Can use with many templating
system
- Have a middleware framework

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We can start with the routing.

Before express we write a long code
to create a server, but with express
it's pretty easy. See the old code

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Now we are going to write

the same old code
using express

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First we need to `require express`

then create an app constant using
`express()`

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Now we can write app.listen(3000)

to listen 3000 port.

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We can write the routes now.

Like homepage -

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Now our code is more readable and

easy to add any route.

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SO DO YOU LIKE
THE INTRODUCTION
OF EXPRESS JS ?

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days
Day-21

HTTP
METHODS

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Http methods are

kind of request we made
to the server.

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We are most going to

use 4
for our system

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GET - This is for getting data

from server
like - We can get a anime list
from server

in express js we use `app.get`

for this type request.

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POST - This method is for sending

something to server.
Like - We can send form data to
server

in express js we use `app.post`

to this type request.

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DELETE - This method is delete

something in server
Like - we can delete a anime from
the list

in express js we use `app.delete`

to this type request.

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PUT - This is for updating something

like - we can update an anime name,
for mis-spell

in express js we use `app.put`

to this type request.

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REST API use this http protocol

to send data over computers.

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So we already wrote REST API

by using
app.get, app.post, app.delete
&
app.put

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DID YOU LEARN

SOMETHING NEW TODAY ?

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

Day-22

ROUTE
PARAMETERS

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Up until now
we never passed any id
with our route.
What if we need
to go to a specific profile ?

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Like - `profile/10`
How we can load different
using those id ?

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We can get what user request

after profile,
how we can get it ?
In this case
they request for the 10 right ?

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To catch the 10
we need to make a specific route
like '/profile/:id'
this id will catch
what request send after profile.
So how to catch it ?

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Just use `req.params.id` this will

give us the id

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See the result on the browser

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So we get the details using

req.params right ?
So what is req.params ?
we can easily console
log it and what we got ?

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An object contain the extra

parameters we send with the url.

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NOW YOU KNOW

ABOUT USING PARAMS,
SO
YOU CAN CREATE
THE PROFILE PAGE
RIGHT ?

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

Day-23

TEMPLATING
ENGINE

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To creating
QUICK NODE APPLICATION
we can use some
FRONTEND TEMPLATE ENGINE.

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There are many different engines

- EJS
- Mustache
- Handlebars
- Underscore
- Pug
- Marko

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We can use any of them

TO DO THE FRONTEND
WHILE MAKING THE API.

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I'm going to use EJS

to show you
HOW TO DO THIS.

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Start with the official page

https://ejs.co/

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You can check the features of it

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Installing it is super easy

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So finally our `package.json`

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WANT TO KNOW
MORE ABOUT
TEMPLATING ENGINE ?

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

Day-24

WORKING WITH
EJS - PART 1

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Hope you've installed the ejs.

We're going to learn some more
things about it. To start with the
ejs first we need to set our app to
use it. We can simply add this using
`app.set('view engine', 'ejs')`

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This
`app.set('view engine', 'ejs')`
will look into views folder
on the same path.
So we need to create
views folder
for writing those
frontend templates.

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We are starting the

profile page.
So we'll create a
`profile.ejs` file inside
the views folder.

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Just create a basic html inside of

`profile.ejs` file.

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We'll use res.render method to

render the file.

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It's already know where to look.

So we've render the files,
but we didn't pass our data to the
html. How to do that ?

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We can send a object in render

method while rendering the template
and use that object to get the value
of username.

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Now we can easily access the value

using <%= person %>
in the `profile.ejs` file

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See the result in frontend

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

Day-25

WORKING WITH
EJS - PART 2

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Hope you understand

a bit of EJS now.
Well, we have a problem right now.
What if we need to pass
multiple data to the view?
What to do then ?

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Don't worry solution is easy.

Let's suppose,
we'll show the person age,
job and hobbies in the
profile page.
So how can we do it ?

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First we need to create an object

which contains all the data.
So just call it data.

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Now we can pass the data after

person using render function.

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Let's start with the age.

We'll print the age in the frontend

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See the result in browser

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Now let finish the whole thing, it's

pretty easy but we need to know that
to write javascript we use <% to start
and %> to end and for printing a
variable value we use <%= variable %>

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See the result in browser

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SO DO YOU THINK
YOU CAN MAKE
SOME SIMPLE PROJECT
RIGHT NOW ?

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

Day-26

WORKING WITH
PARTIAL EJS
- PART 3
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We already know about templating

engine right?
Now tell me one thing,
if you have 10pages,
how you'll handle the navbar ?
Can we reuse the navbar
for everypage ?

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Answer is YES.
We can but we need to make
the navbar as partials.
Partials is a concept in ejs.

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So create a folder
inside our view folder
call it `partials`.
We'll store the partial files here.

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Let's start creating from head files.

Like the cdn's we are going to use.
Let's try bootstrap in our case.

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I'm using the navbar from

bootstrap 4 too.
https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.4/components/navbar/

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Let's add the footer also

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Now we can easily use this partial

parts easily.

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See the result

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Do you understand
how we can easily do
many things
using partial templating ?

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

Day-27

WORKING WITH
STATIC FILES

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Lets do a fun thing.

Start a stylesheet on our profile page.
like -

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Now let's write a little bit of css

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Add the css class in our current

`profile.ejs` page

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now check the browser,

sadly know change.
Do you know the reason ?

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Because we can access that

static files. Because we didn't make
any static files route.
Let's add this in `app.js` so that
we can get the static files.

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We can use a inbuilt express

middleware to access that static
folder which will created.
Just using
`app.use('/assets', express.static('assets'))`
will give access to the /assets folder.

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Now we can go to browser

and see out it change.

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In
`app.use('/assets', express.static('assets'))`
In 1st part is route and 2nd part is
folder that we are going to put
the files.

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SO,
CAN YOU WORK WITH
THE STATIC FILES NOW?

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

Day-28

MIDDLEWARES

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Middleware functions are functions

that have access to the request
object (req), the response object
(res), and the next middleware
function in the application’s
request-response cycle.
The next middleware function is
commonly denoted by a variable
named next. (official document)

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Do you understand anything of it ?

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In short,
normally we use middleware
to checking something.
Like -
if anyone is a authentic user
or is the user is admin.

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Middleware functions can perform

the following tasks:
- Execute any code.
- Make changes to the request and
the response objects.
- End the request-response cycle.
- Call the next middleware function
in the stack.

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An Express application can use

the following types of middleware:
Application-level middleware
Router-level middleware
Error-handling middleware
Built-in middleware
Third-party middleware

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You can check the more details -

https://expressjs.com/en/guide/using-middleware.html

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Let's use a middleware

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We have 3 elements here - request, response

and next cycle. In the middleware we just
console log the time. So when we'll call the
route, this function will be called always.

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SEE THE RESULT WHEN WE HIT

THE URL -

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

Day-29

SQL DATABASE
WITH
NODE JS
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Before coming this part of tutorial,

we never talked about the database.
Actually it was a basic course so
I never tell anything about
the database.
Just wanted to make pure
node js tutorial.

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Today we're going to learn

how can we add
a sql database
with
express js.

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It's pretty easy,

but we need a npm package for it.
Actually multiple package for it.

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For the sql connection.

There are some packages
Knex.js
Sqorn
squel
Objection.js
and many more

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I personally used knex.js

and objection.js.
Objection actually based on knex,
it has some extra benfits
so I used it some projects.

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Knex is good choice,

beacause it has an
amazing documentation.
Which is pretty easy to follow.

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Installing is pretty easy. As like others. But

you need to install the database too. Like
what you are using - mysql or postgresql or
sqlite

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Connecting is easy too,

just changing the credientials
will be okay .

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You can write RAW sql with the

knex too.
http://knexjs.org/#Raw-Expressions

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Learn Node JS
in 30 Days

Day-30

NO-SQL DATABASE
WITH NODE JS

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In this last day of tutorial,

we are going to
talk about how we can
integrate an nosql database
with the node js.

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If we use mongodb
as a no-sql database,
which is really really popular.
We can use a package
call mongoose

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Check out the mongoose official

document
https://mongoosejs.com/

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Installing is pretty easy.

Just putting `npm install mongoose`
will done the work.
You can write `npm i mongoose` too.

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After requiring the mongoose

using
`const mongoose = require('mongoose')`
we just need to put
the database name on
the connection

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Like this

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We can easily find the schema

in the mongoose official page.

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In the time on making live project,

you can use mlab for the hosting
mongodb.

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So ARE YOU CONFIDENT ENOUGH

that you can read & understand
some node js code right now ?

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