Differential Amplifiers: ES 330 Electronics II Chapter 8 Sedra & Smith
Differential Amplifiers: ES 330 Electronics II Chapter 8 Sedra & Smith
Differential Amplifiers: ES 330 Electronics II Chapter 8 Sedra & Smith
ES 330 Electronics II
2
Differential Pairs – BJT and FET
Q1 Q2
3
Differential Pair Characteristic
4
Differential Pair Characteristic
5
Differential Response of a Differential Amplifier (Case 1)
ON
OFF
I C1 I EE
IC2 0
V X VCC RC I EE
VY VCC
6
Differential Response of a Differential Amplifier
ON
OFF I C 2 I EE
I C1 0
VY VCC RC I EE
V X VCC
7
Common Mode Response of a Differential Amplifier
VBE1 VBE 2
I EE
I C1 I C 2
2
I EE
V X VY VCC RC
2
8
Small-Signal Analysis of a Differential Amplifier
I EE
I C1 I
2
I EE
IC2 I
2
9
Virtual Ground in a Differential Amplifier
VP 0lim
x
I C1 g m V
I C 2 g m V
For small changes at inputs, the gm’s are the same, and the
respective increase and decrease of IC1 and IC2 are the same,
node “P” must stay constant to accommodate these changes.
Thus, node “P” is an AC ground, but not a DC ground.
10
Small-Signal Differential Gain
Vout = VX – VY = -2gmΔVRC
Vin = 2ΔV
2 g m VRC
Av g m RC
2V
11
Small Signals and Large Signals
(a) (b)
Clipped Signal
Output
(c) (d)
Transfer
Curve
12
Small-Signal Model for Differential Amplifier
r0 not included
vout1 vout2
13
From Symmetry We Need Only Analyze a Half Circuit
vout1 vout2
vout1 vout 2
g m RC
vin1 vin 2
vout1 vout2
14
Intrinsic Differential Gain of a Differential Amplifier
Note: Resistance associated with
these current sources is infinite.
Thus, we include output resistors r0.
vout1 vout 2
g m rO
vin1 vin 2
15
Questions?
16
An Operational Amplifier Example Using Differential Pair at Input
Differential
Inputs
Output
17