Colegio de Sto. Tomas-Recoletos, Inc.

DepEd-FAPE/PEAC Certified School

DOJ-Bureau of Immigration Accredited School
Azcona St., San Carlos City, Negros Occidental
Tel. Nos. 312-5242 & 312-5220 Telefax No. 729-9169
WEEK 4 Quarter 3
TRIANGLE CONGRUENCE POSTULATES
INTRODUCTION AND PROCESS QUESTION(S):
Two triangles are congruent if their corresponding sides are equal in length
and their corresponding interior angles are equal in measure. We use the symbol to
show congruence.
Corresponding sides and angles mean that the side on one triangle and the
side on the other comparison and find corresponding parts.
In this module, you will learn to illustrate the triangle congruence postulates.

LESSONS AND COVERAGE

Lesson 1 – Triangle Congruence Postulates

VALUE FOCUS (Institutional Core Values):

1. Accountability (Accountability is not about following rules and procedures, rather it is
staying committed to learning and growing. It is being responsible for developing one’s own
self-efficacy and taking the initiative to follow through with the application of learned
content and skills in this module.)

COMPETENCIES (MELCS):
1. Illustrates the SAS, ASA and SSS congruence postulates

MODULE MAP
Here is a simple map of the lessons that will be covered in this module.

Side-Angle-Side Congruence
Postulate

Triangle Side-Side-Side Congruence

Congruence Postulate
Postulates and
Theorems Angle-Side-Angle Congruence
Congruence Postulate

Angle-Angle-Side Congruence
Theorem

LESSON OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, you will be able to:

1. State the SAS, ASA and SSS congruence postulates; and

2. Illustrate the SAS, ASA and SSS congruence postulates.
COURAGE CORE VALUES

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Mathematics 8 Jubie Ann L. Espenilla

PRE ASSESSMENT
Direction: Answer the following questions and write thte letter that corresponds to the correct
answer .
1. Which postulates states that if two sides and the included angle of one triangle are equal to the
corresponding parts of another triangle, then the two triangles are congruent?
a. SSS postulate c. ASA Postulate
b. SAS postulate d. AAA Postulate
2. Which postulate states that if three sides of one triangle are equal to the corresponding sides of
another triangle, then the twwo triangles are congruent.
a. SSS Postulate c. ASA Postulate
b. SAS Postulate d. AAA Postulate
3. Which Postulate states that if two angles and included side of one triangle are equal to the
correspondig parts of another triangle, then the two triangles are congruent?
a. SSS Postulate c. ASA Postulate
b. SAS Postulate d. AAA Postulate
4. Miguel knows that in ∆ KAR and ∆ LOU , KA=LO , AR=OU ,and KR=LU . Which postulate
can be used to justify that ∆ KAR and ∆ LOU are congruent?
a. ASA b. AAS c. ASA d. SSS
5. Karl knows that AB=XY and AC= XZ . What other information must he know to say that
∆ ABC ≅ ∆ XYZ by SAS posyulate?
a. ∠ B ≅ ∠Y b. ∠ C ≅∠ Z c. ∠ A ≅ ∠ X d. ∠C ≅∠ X

LESSON PROPER:
A. EXPLORE
Before we study the postulates that give some ways to show that the two triangles are
congruent given less number of corresponding congruent parts, let us first identify the parts of a
triangle in terms of their relative positions.
Included angle is the angle between two sides of a triangle.
Included side is the side common to two angles of a triangle.

ACTIVITY 1: INCLUDED ANGLE AND INCLUDED SIDE

In ∆ SON , identify the following: S
1. Included angle between SN and SO
2. Included angle between OS and ON
3. Included angle between NS and NO .
4. Included side between ∠S and ∠O.
5. Included side between ∠O and ∠N.
6. Included side between ∠S and ∠N. O
N

B. FIRM-UP
Let’s proceed and recall the concept of congruent triangles. Two triangles are congruent if and only if
their corresponding parts (sides and angles) are congruent.
This definition is abbreviated as CPCTC, which means Corresponding Parts of Congruent
Triangles are Congruent.
Example 1:
Given that Δ ABC ≅ ΔDEF (read as “Triangle ABC is congruent to triangle DEF”). Name the
corresponding congruent sides and angles.
Corresponding Angles Corresponding Sides Answer:
∠A ≅ ∠D AB ≅ ED
∠B ≅ ∠ E BC ≅ FE
∠C ≅ ∠ F CA ≅ FD

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Mathematics 8 Jubie Ann L. Espenilla

C. DEEPEN
TRIANGLE CONGRUENCE POSTULATE
If three sides of one triangle are equal to the three sides of another triangle, the
corresponding angles of the triangles are forced to be equal; therefore, their triangles are congruent.
Hence, this suggests the following postulate.

SSS (Side-Side-Side) Congruence Postulate

If the three sides of one triangle are congruent to the three sides of another triangle, then the
triangles are congruent.

Example 2:

In addition to the SSS Postulate, several other shortcut methods can be used to prove congruent
triangles. The Side-Angle-Side postulate is illustrated below. If it is known that two sides and the
included angle of one triangle are equal to the corresponding parts of another triangle, then we may
conclude that the triangles are congruent. Because the equal angle must be sandwiched in between the
equal pairs of sides, this method is commonly referred to as the SAS Postulate,

SAS (Side-Angle-Side) Congruence Postulate

If the two sides and an included angle of one triangle are congruent to the corresponding two
sides and the included angle of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent.

Example 3:

Example 4:
BC ≅ YZ S

≅ ∠ C ≅∠ Z A

CA ≅ ZX S

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Mathematics 8 Jubie Ann L. Espenilla

 ASA (Angle-Side-Angle) Congruence Postulate
If the two angles and the included side of one triangle are congruent to the corresponding
two angles and an included side of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent.

Example 5:

AAS (Angle-Angle-Side) Congruence Theorem

If two angles and a non-included side of one triangle are congruent to the corresponding two
angles and a non-included side of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent

Example 687: If Angle ∠ A ≅ ∠ D ,

Angle∠C ≅∠ F , and

Side BC ≅ EF , then

△ ABC ≅ △≝¿ by AAS postulate.

ACTIVITY 2: SSS, SAS, ASA, AAS CONGRUENCE

For each pair of triangles, tell: (a) Are they congruent (b) Give the postulate that makes them congruent.

D. TRANSFER
In this section, you will apply what you have learned in this module.

COURAGE CORE VALUES

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Mathematics 8 Jubie Ann L. Espenilla

Activity 3: Evaluating Learning
Instruction: Given a kite, investigate and match the corresponding sides, angles, or triangle in
column A with the corresponding sides, angles or triangles in column B respectively to decode the secret
message. Write the letter that corresponds to your answer on the space provided before each number.
Column A Column
1. EF D. SAS Congruence
2. HF G. Diagonals
3. ∆ EFH N. GF
4. HF O. HF
5. ∆ EFH is congruent to ∆ HFG R. Vertex Angle
6.∠ EDG and ∠ EFG S. Right Angles
7. ∆ EDG and ∆ EFG T. ∆ GFH
8. DF and EG U. Isosceles Triangles
9. ∆ DHE and ∆ DHG V. ASA Congruence
10. ∆ EFD is congruent to ∆ GFD A. SSS Congruence

DEFINITION OF TERMS
Angle - the figure formed by two rays meeting at a common end point. Can be measured in degrees
using protractor.
Congruence - two figures or objects are congruent if they have the same shape and size, or if one has
the same shape and size as the mirror image of the other
Postulate - a statement that is accepted as true without having to formally prove it.
Triangle - a closed, two-dimensional shape with three straight sides.

SUMMARY

Designs and patterns having the same size and the same shape are seen in almost all places. You can
see them in bridges, buildings, towers, in furniture even in handicrafts and fabrics
Congruence of triangles has many applications in real world. Architects and engineers use
triangles when they build structures because they are considered to be the most stable of all geometric
figures. Triangles are oftentimes used as frameworks, supports for many constructions works. They
need to be congruent.
Let us summarize the concepts you have learned in this module:
1. SSS (Side-Side-Side) Congruence Postulate
If the three sides of one triangle are congruent to the three sides of another triangle, then the
triangles are congruent.
Often times called the side-side-side pattern.
2. SAS (Side-Angle-Side) Congruence Postulate
If the two sides and an included angle of one triangle are congruent to the corresponding two sides
and the included angle of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent.
“Included angle” is the angle formed by two given sides.
3. ASA (Angle-Side-Angle) Congruence Postulate
If the two angles and the included side of one triangle are congruent to the cor-responding two
angles and an included side of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent.
“Included side” is the side whose endpoints are the vertices of the angles.
4. AAS (Angle-Angle-Side) Congruence Theorem
If two angles and a non-included side of one triangle are congruent to the corresponding two
angles and a non-included side of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent.

POST-ASSESSMENT
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Mathematics 8 Jubie Ann L. Espenilla

 Writing a Synthesis Journal

(Refer to the answer sheet)

REFERENCES AND WEBSITE LINKS USED IN THIS MODULE:

Abuzo, E., et.al. 2013. Mathematics Grade 8 Learner’s Module. First Edition
Advincula, R. & Gonowon, R. 2013. Global Mathematics 8 (K to 12). The Library Publishing
House, Inc.
Crisostomo, R., et.al. Our World of Math 7. Vibal Publishing House Inc.
Fermalino, S, et.al. 2007. Realistic Math – Scaling Greater Heights 8. Sibs Publishing House

Colegio de Sto. Tomas-Recoletos, Inc.

COURAGE CORE VALUES

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Mathematics 8 Jubie Ann L. Espenilla

 DepEd-FAPE/PEAC Certified School
DOJ-Bureau of Immigration Accredited School
Azcona St., San Carlos City, Negros Occidental
Tel. Nos. 312-5242 & 312-5220 Telefax No. 729-9169
MATHEMATICS 8
3rd QUARTER
LEARNING MODULE 4

ANSWER SHEET
(Add additional sheets of bond papers if needed)

NAME: ____________________________________ Grade & Section: _______________

PRE-ASSESSMENT
1. ___________
2. ___________
3. ___________
4. ___________
5. ___________

ACTIVITY 1: INCLUDED ANGLE AND INCLUDED SIDE

1. __________
2. __________
3. __________
4. __________
5. __________

ACTIVITY 2: SSS, SAS, ASA, AAS Congruence

1. A._______________
B._______________
2. A._______________
B._______________
3. A._______________
B._______________
4. A._______________
B._______________
5. A._______________
B._______________
6. A._______________
B._______________

ACTIVITY 3: EVALUATING LEARNING

1. __________ 6. ____________
2. __________ 7. ____________
3. __________ 8. ____________
4. __________ 9. ____________
5. __________ 10.____________

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Mathematics 8 Jubie Ann L. Espenilla

POST-ASSESMENT

Complete the table below.

SYNTHESIS JOURNAL
Lesson What I did. What I learned How I can use it.

CST-R Honor Pledge

A Thomasian is mature, responsible, socially committed and imbued with Augustinian

Recollect values, Christian ideals and Filipino nationalism.
I, ______________________ of Grade ___________ willfully recognized the importance of
personal dignity in all aspects of life, in my studies and in my work. I commit myself to
truthfulness, honor and responsibility in addition to the school’s core values of COURAGE
(Charity, Obedience, Universal, Recollection, Accountability, Grace and Environmental), by which
I earn the respect of others.
On my honor and dignity as a member of the CST-R community, I pledged that I have
accomplished this LEARNING MODULE with truthfulness and honesty.

Signature of Student: ___________________ Date : ___________

Name of Parent/Guardian: _________________________ Signature: ____________

COURAGE CORE VALUES

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Mathematics 8 Jubie Ann L. Espenilla