Newham Bulk LEA

2003 Level 7 Questions

1. Cholera is a disease caused by bacteria. These bacteria produce a poison.

The poison prevents the large intestine from absorbing water from the food passing
through it.
People with cholera can lose more than a litre of water per hour.

(a) Give one function of water in the body.

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1 mark

(b) People can be injected with a vaccine against cholera. The vaccine contains a
tiny amount of the cholera poison and not the cholera bacteria. As a result,
people become immune to cholera.

Describe how vaccination makes a person immune to cholera.

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2 marks

Newham Bulk LEA 1

 (c) The cholera poison makes the skin permeable. A new method of vaccinating
against cholera is to put a small amount of the poison, mixed with other vaccines,
on a plaster. The plaster is left on the skin for a day. The vaccines pass through
the skin and the person becomes immune to cholera and to other diseases.

(i) Why should only a tiny amount of the poison be used?

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1 mark

(ii) Suggest one advantage of vaccinating people in this way.

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1 mark
Maximum 5 marks

2. The quagga is an extinct animal that lived in Africa. Quaggas belonged to the same
group as zebras.
The drawings below show a zebra and a quagga.

(a) Zebras and quaggas used to breed with each other. The offspring contained a
combination of both zebra and quagga genes (genetic information).
How were zebra and quagga genes passed on from the parents to their
offspring?

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1 mark

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 (b) These days there are some zebras that still show some quagga features.
Scientists are using zebras to try to produce quaggas by selective breeding.
Describe the steps in this selective breeding process.

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3 marks
Maximum 4 marks

3. (a) Complete the word equation below for the reaction between calcium carbonate
and hydrochloric acid.

calcium hydrochloric carbon

+ → .......... .......... .......... ..... + + water
carbonate acid dioxide
1 mark

Limestone is mainly calcium carbonate. It is weathered by acids in the air or in soil.

(b) In June 1990, a Year 9 class planned a long-term investigation into the chemical
weathering of limestone by acids in soil.

They put limestone chippings of similar size in three nylon mesh bags.
They buried the bags outside in soils of different pH.

(i) Chemical weathering took place in sample A, and the mass of the sample
decreased.

Give the reason for the decrease in mass. Use the word equation above to
help you.

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1 mark

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 (ii) The pupils predicted that chemical weathering would not take place in
samples B and C.

Give the reason for their prediction.

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1 mark

(iii) Some chemical weathering did take place in samples B and C.

What could have changed the conditions in these soils to cause weathering
to take place?

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1 mark

(c) The table shows how the mass of each sample changed between the years 1990
and 2000.

mass, in g
year sample A, at sample B, at sample C, at
pH 5 pH 7 pH 8

1990 1000 1000 1000

1995 980 992 997

2000 960 984 995

In 2000, a year 9 class buried another identical 1000 g sample of limestone

chippings in soil of pH 6.

(i) Use the results in the table to predict an approximate value for the mass of
this sample in 2010.

................. g
1 mark

(ii) Why is it not possible to be certain what the mass of this sample will be in
2010?

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1 mark
Maximum 6 marks

Newham Bulk LEA 4

4. A group of pupils placed pieces of metal wire in different salt solutions.
They recorded their observations in the table below.

(a) From these observations, write the order of reactivity of the four metals, copper,
lead, silver and zinc.

most reactive ................................................

................................................

................................................

least reactive ................................................

2 marks

(b) The pupils then dipped a new piece of each of the metal wires into dilute
hydrochloric acid.

Only one of the metals reacted. Which metal was this?

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1 mark

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 (c) One pupil predicted that there would be no reaction when he put a piece of zinc
wire into a solution of silver nitrate.

Was his prediction correct? Explain your answer.

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1 mark

(d) In nature, gold is never found combined with other elements.

Where should gold be placed in the reactivity series in part (a)?

Explain your answer.

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1 mark
Maximum 5 marks

5. A remote-controlled car was timed over a period of 10 seconds.

A graph of distance against time is shown below.

20

16

12
distance, in
metres
8

0
0 2 4 6 8 10
time, in seconds

(a) Describe the motion of the car between:

(i) 2 seconds and 6 seconds;

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1 mark

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 (ii) 9 seconds and 10 seconds.

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1 mark

(b) Calculate the average speed of the car between 0 and 10 seconds.
Give the unit.

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2 marks

(c) The diagram below shows two of the forces acting on the car when it is moving.

(i) When the motor was switched off, the car slowed down and then stopped.

While the car was slowing down, which of the following was true? Tick the
correct box.

Friction was zero and the forward

force was greater than zero.
The forward force was zero and
friction was greater than zero.
Friction was zero and the forward
force was zero.
The forward force and friction were
both greater than zero.
1 mark

(ii) Use the graph to find the time when the car started to slow down.

The car started to slow down after ............ s.

1 mark
Maximum 6 marks

Newham Bulk LEA 7

6. Alex has a 100 cm ruler pivoted at the centre. She ties a balloon filled with carbon
dioxide 16 cm from the pivot, as shown below.

The total weight of the balloon and carbon dioxide is 0.06 N.

16 cm
metre ruler
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

pivot

balloon filled with

carbon dioxide gas

0.06 N

(a) The ruler becomes unbalanced.

Calculate the turning moment the balloon produces about the pivot on the ruler.
Give the unit.

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2 marks

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 (b) Alex ties another similar balloon, filled with helium, 48 cm from the pivot.
The helium balloon exerts an upward force on the ruler.
The ruler is balanced as shown below.

balloon filled
with helium gas

48 cm

16 cm
metre ruler
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

pivot

balloon filled with

carbon dioxide gas

0.06 N

(i) When the ruler is balanced, what turning moment must the helium balloon
produce about the pivot?

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1 mark

(ii) Calculate the upward force exerted by the helium balloon on the ruler.

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1 mark
Maximum 4 marks

Newham Bulk LEA 9

7. Sunita puts on a pair of special glasses as shown below. The glasses have coloured
filters in them.

(a) Sunita looks at a lamp through the green filter. The lamp gives out white light, but
appears to be green.
Explain how this is possible.

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2 marks

(b) Sunita looks at a red lamp.

(i) What colour will the lamp appear to Sunita, if she looks at it
through the red filter?

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Explain your answer.

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1 mark

(ii) What colour will the lamp appear to Sunita, if she looks at it through the
green filter?

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Explain your answer.

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2 marks
Maximum 5 marks

Newham Bulk LEA 10

8. A headline from a newspaper is shown below.

British Power
Stations cause
Acid Rain in
Scandanavia
Some countries claim that acid rain caused by power stations in Britain
damages their forests.
Others argue that coal-burning power stations produce cheap electricity and
that plants can stand some level of acid rain.

Imagine you are planning a laboratory investigation of the claim:

‘plants can stand some level of acid rain’.

Assume you have access to whatever laboratory equipment you need, including:
• seeds
• acid
• seed trays
• soil

Plan a laboratory investigation to test the claim that ‘plants can stand some
level of acid rain’.

(a) Name a factor you would need to vary in your investigation.

(This is the independent variable.)

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1 mark

(b) (i) What factor would you examine to see the effect?
(This is the dependent variable.)

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1 mark

(ii) How could you measure this dependent variable?

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1 mark

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 (c) Suggest one factor you would control to ensure that your investigation is fair.

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1 mark
Maximum 4 marks

9. (a) Magnesium chloride is formed when magnesium reacts with an acid.

(i) Complete the word equation for the reaction between magnesium and this
acid.

magnesium
magnesium + ...............................→ + ...............................
chloride
2 marks

(ii) Suggest why magnesium chloride can be made by mixing magnesium with
this acid but copper chloride cannot be made by mixing copper with this
acid.

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1 mark

(b) Copper sulphate is made by adding copper oxide to a different acid.

Give the name of the acid which is used.

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1 mark

(c) In the table below, write the name of the compound represented by each formula.

formula name

CuSO4

MgCl2

2 marks
Maximum 6 marks

Newham Bulk LEA 12

10. The drawing shows a bluebell plant. The plant grows from an underground stem called
a bulb.
Each year new leaves and flowers grow from the bulb.

(a) Describe the process by which glucose is made in the leaves.

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3 marks

(b) Many plants make starch from glucose.

What group of nutrients do both glucose and starch belong to?

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1 mark

Newham Bulk LEA 13

 (c) In the sixteenth century bluebell bulbs were dug up to obtain a starch-like
substance that was used to make collars stiff.

(i) Digging up bluebell bulbs has caused a decrease in the number of bluebells
growing in Britain.
It is now against the law to dig up bluebells.

Suggest one other environmental reason why the number of bluebell plants
has decreased in Britain.

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1 mark

(ii) Every 10 years the trees and bushes in some bluebell woods are cut down
to ground level.

What effect does this have on the number of bluebells in the woods?
Explain your answer.

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1 mark
Maximum 6 marks

Newham Bulk LEA 14

11. A group of pupils recorded some different characteristics of pupils in their class.

The table below shows their results.

name gender height, mass, hand arm span, eye

in cm in kg span, in cm colour
in cm

Julie girl 152 48 17.2 160 blue

Laura girl 157 54 15.0 141 green

Aftab boy 159 49 18.4 172 brown

Jenna girl 144 46 17.4 161 hazel

Barry boy 148 49 17.4 162 blue

Oliver boy 172 57 21.5 204 brown

Safina girl 155 48 16.8 158 brown

Maria girl 154 50 17.9 166 green

Amanat girl 162 46 16.2 150 brown

Thomas boy 157 49 19.9 186 blue

(a) Oliver concluded that boys do not have green eyes.

Explain why his conclusion is not justified.

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1 mark

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 (b) Name two continuous variables in their table.

1. .....................................................

2. .....................................................
1 mark

(c) Look at the scatter graphs below.

graph A graph B
210 210
× ×
200 200
190 × 190
arm arm ×
180 180
span, span,
× ×
in cm 170 ×
in cm 170 ×
× × ×
160 × × 160 × ××
150 × 150 ×
× ×
140 140
140 150 160 170 180 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
height, in cm hand span, in cm

graph C graph D
22 220
×
21 210
×
20 × 200
19 190 ×
hand × arm
span, 18 × × ×
× span, 180
×
in cm 17 × in cm 170
× × ×
16 160 × ×
×
15 × 150 ×
14 140 ×
140 150 160 170 180 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60
height, in cm mass, in kg

Newham Bulk LEA 16

 Use the data in the scatter graphs to show whether each of the conclusions below
is true, false or you cannot tell.

conclusions true or false or cannot tell

Graph C shows that the shortest pupil

has the smallest hand span. ........................................

Graph B shows the strongest correlation

between two variables. ........................................

Graph A looks similar to graph C because of

the high correlation of arm span to hand span. ........................................

Boys are generally taller than girls. ........................................

2 marks
Maximum 4 marks

Newham Bulk LEA 17