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Tutorial Sheet 15 Feb

The document is a tutorial sheet containing 10 physics problems related to quantum mechanics. Problem 1 asks to calculate the frequency uncertainty of a photon emitted from an atom with a given excited state lifetime and energy difference. Problem 2 asks about the momentum uncertainty of an electron in a hydrogen atom orbit. Problem 3 asks about the spread of shots from bullets reaching a target over time.

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Aditay Rana
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38 views2 pages

Tutorial Sheet 15 Feb

The document is a tutorial sheet containing 10 physics problems related to quantum mechanics. Problem 1 asks to calculate the frequency uncertainty of a photon emitted from an atom with a given excited state lifetime and energy difference. Problem 2 asks about the momentum uncertainty of an electron in a hydrogen atom orbit. Problem 3 asks about the spread of shots from bullets reaching a target over time.

Uploaded by

Aditay Rana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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QM-2

Tutorial Sheet 1 Feb.15, 2022

1. The typical life time of an excited state of an atom is 10-8 seconds. If the energy difference
between the excited and ground state is 1 eV, calculate /, where  is the frequency and 
is the uncertainty of the emitted photon.

2. If we assume that in the ground state of Hydrogen atom the position of electron along the Bohr
orbit is not known. It is known that the Bohr orbit is given by 0.53 Å. Calculate the quantum
uncertainty in the momentum to show that it is pointless to speak of position and momentum of
electron in such a Bohr orbit!

3. Bullets each of mass 10-3 kg take 1 second to reach their target. Considering the bullets as mass
points, find the order of magnitude of spread of successive shots at the target under best
conditions.

4. In nuclear - decay, electrons are observed to be ejected from the atomic nucleus. We assume,
electrons are somehow trapped within the nucleus, and that occasionally one escapes and is
observed in the lab. Diameter of a typical nucleus is 1 x 10-14 m. Estimate the range of kinetic
energies that such an electron must have!

5. An electronics salesman offers to sell you a frequency measuring device. When hooked up to a
sinusoidal signal, it automatically displays the frequency of the signal, and to account for
frequency variations, the frequency is re-measured, and the display is updated every second.
The salesman claims the device to be accurate to 0.01 Hz. Is his claim valid?

6. Calculate the transmission probability for a particle of mass m and energy E incident from right
on a potential step. E> step height.

7. Wave form of a particle is ψ = C exp-(x2 α2) - ∞ < x < + ∞. Show that the probability of
∞
finding the particle in region 0 <x<∞ is ½, {∫0 exp (−𝑥 2 )dx = /2}

8. Think about the following:


a) When a wave is incident on the boundary between two media, it generally splits into a reflected wave and
retracted wave. This implies that incident wave group becomes two groups. How would you visualize
incident electron wave (de Brogile wave) on a boundary of electron potential?

b) A moving free electron can be defined by its Broglie wavelength. Can you do the same for an electron
moving under the influence of a potential?
c) In your class, you would be solving SE for various ideal potentials. Notice that for all the bound state
problems you chose your wave function as Sin (wt – kx) or Cos (wt – kx), whereas for other problems your
wave function is more general, of the form e-i (wt – kx). Discuss the reason for these choices.

9. Assume that conduction electrons moving inside a copper block experience zero potential inside
the sphere and a potential equal to the work function just outside block. If the work unction of Cu
is 4 eV more than the average energy of the conduction electrons, estimate the distance that
electrons penetrate outside the boundary of the Cu block. Will this have any effect on the average
electron density in case the dimensions of the copper block is about 2 nm?

10. A particle of mass m moves in a potential V(r) = -V0 when r < a and V(r) = 0 when r > a. Find the
least value of V0 such that there is a bound state of zero energy and zero angular momentum.

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