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    Topic #7 Mensuration - Industrial Arts (BORJA Report)

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    Kathleen Borja
    Mensuration is the branch of geometry that deals with measuring areas, lengths, and volumes. It was developed by ancient mathematicians like Pythagoras, Euclid, and Archimedes. The key terms include solid, perimeter, volume, geometric figures, surface area, and graduation. There are two main systems of measurement - the English system and the metric system. Linear measurements can be taken in various ways including using a tool to measure end to end, edge to edge, or diameters using a caliper.

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    Topic #7 Mensuration - Industrial Arts (BORJA Report)

    Uploaded by

    Kathleen Borja
    290 views18 pages
    Mensuration is the branch of geometry that deals with measuring areas, lengths, and volumes. It was developed by ancient mathematicians like Pythagoras, Euclid, and Archimedes. The key terms include solid, perimeter, volume, geometric figures, surface area, and graduation. There are two main systems of measurement - the English system and the metric system. Linear measurements can be taken in various ways including using a tool to measure end to end, edge to edge, or diameters using a caliper.

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    Topic #7 Mensuration_Industrial Arts (BORJA Report)

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    Mensuration is the branch of geometry that deals with measuring areas, lengths, and volumes. It was developed by ancient mathematicians like Pythagoras, Euclid, and Archimedes. The key terms include solid, perimeter, volume, geometric figures, surface area, and graduation. There are two main systems of measurement - the English system and the metric system. Linear measurements can be taken in various ways including using a tool to measure end to end, edge to edge, or diameters using a caliper.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    290 views18 pages

    Topic #7 Mensuration - Industrial Arts (BORJA Report)

    Uploaded by

    Kathleen Borja
    Mensuration is the branch of geometry that deals with measuring areas, lengths, and volumes. It was developed by ancient mathematicians like Pythagoras, Euclid, and Archimedes. The key terms include solid, perimeter, volume, geometric figures, surface area, and graduation. There are two main systems of measurement - the English system and the metric system. Linear measurements can be taken in various ways including using a tool to measure end to end, edge to edge, or diameters using a caliper.

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    Mensuration

    Learning Outcomes

    At the end of this chapter, you should be able to:

    ╸ Familiarize the Diff. Important Terms

    ╸ Acquire knowledge in proper mensuration

    2
    1 What is mensuration?
    • Mensuration is the branch of geometry which
    deals with the measurement of area, length or
    volume. It is also the act or process of measuring.

    • The Mensuration took its birth in Egypt. Then it


    was applied and expanded by great people like
    Pythagoras, Euclid, Archimedes, Ptolemy etc and
    further developed by Halley, Bernouillies, Euler,
    Newton etc.

    4
    Important Terms
    Solid
    A body or geometric figure having three dimension
    Perimeter
    The continuous line forming the boundary of a geometrical figure.
    Volume
    The total space occupied by an object or the space inside a container.
    GEOMETRIC FIGURES
    The geometric figures commonly used in drawing pictures are lines, angles, triangles,
    quadrilaterals, regular polygons, circles and arcs and solids.
    Surface Area
    The total area of the surface of the three dimensional surface
    Graduation
    A graduation is a mark used to indicate points on a visual scale. Linear graduation of a
    scale occurs on a linear measuring device, such as a rule or measuring tape using units
    such as inches or millimetres.
    5
    POLYGON
    A polygon is a closed figure formed by line segments intersecting at end points. The
    line segments are called sides of the polygon. Polygon is classified according to the
    number of sides.
    Quadrilateral.
    It is a four sided polygon.
    CIRCLE
    A circle is a closed curve, all points are equally distant from the center. An arc is a
    portion of the circumference of the circle.
    LINE
    A line is a set of points. A portion of the line between two distinct points is a called a
    line segment.
    ANGLE
    An angle is a figure formed by two rays with common end point. Angles are classified
    according to their measures.

    6
    Common Lines

    7
    Regular Polygons

    8
    Quadrilateral and
    Angles

    9
    Common Geometric Solid

    10
    Kinds and Parts of Circle

    11
    LINEAR MEASUREMENTS FOR THE 6 FACES OF LUMBER

    Hence; the linear measurements obtained are:


    End 1 to end 2 or A B = Length (L )
    Edge 1 to Edge 2 or C D = Width ( W )
    Surface 1 to surface 2 or E F = Thickness / Height ( T / H )

    12
    SYSTEM OF MEASUREMENTS
    The two (2) systems of measurements are: the English and the Metric
    System. The English system originated in England also known as the U.S.
    customary system of measurement while the Metric System was developed
    in France and also known as the S. I. (International Standard).

    I. (UNIT OF MEASURES) - LINEAR MEASUREMENT

    ENGLISH METRIC
    yard ( yd ) meter
    meter foot ( ft ) / („ ) decimeter 1/10 meter
    decimeter 1/10 centimeter 1/ 100 meter
    ​millimeter 1 /1000 meter

    13
    II. READING OF MEASUREMENTS
    A. Reading the inch
    The inch is divided into segments called graduations. Each graduation represents a
    measurement in form of a proper fraction. The inch can be divided into 16, 8, 4 and 2, equal parts.

    B. Reading the centimeter and milimeter

    14
    Converting Units of Measure

    15
    Taking Dimensions
    Ways of Taking Dimension

    1. Measure end to end of stock with a tool

    2. Measure edge to edge with a tool

    16
    3. Measure outside diameter of a cylindrical object
    using a caliper

    4. Measure inside diameter with a caliper

    5. Lay-out width

    17
    THANK YOU
    Prepared by: Kathleen B. Borja

    18

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