Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 13 views

    (Part-2) : Dr. Nirnay Ghosh

    Uploaded by

    SOHOM MAJUMDAR
    The document discusses the history and development of the internet from its origins as ARPANET in the 1960s through the commercialization of the internet in the 1990s. It describes the creation of TCP/IP and how this became the standard protocol, as well as the establishment of networks like NSFNET and the emergence of the World Wide Web in the 1990s.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    (Part-2) : Dr. Nirnay Ghosh

    Uploaded by

    SOHOM MAJUMDAR
    13 views4 pages
    The document discusses the history and development of the internet from its origins as ARPANET in the 1960s through the commercialization of the internet in the 1990s. It describes the creation of TCP/IP and how this became the standard protocol, as well as the establishment of networks like NSFNET and the emergence of the World Wide Web in the 1990s.

    Original Title

    Module-1_Part-2

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses the history and development of the internet from its origins as ARPANET in the 1960s through the commercialization of the internet in the 1990s. It describes the creation of TCP/IP and how this became the standard protocol, as well as the establishment of networks like NSFNET and the emergence of the World Wide Web in the 1990s.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    13 views4 pages

    (Part-2) : Dr. Nirnay Ghosh

    Uploaded by

    SOHOM MAJUMDAR
    The document discusses the history and development of the internet from its origins as ARPANET in the 1960s through the commercialization of the internet in the 1990s. It describes the creation of TCP/IP and how this became the standard protocol, as well as the establishment of networks like NSFNET and the emergence of the World Wide Web in the 1990s.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Module 1

    (Part-2)
    (Data communication Components: Representation of data and its flow
    Networks, Various Connection Topology, Protocols and Standards, OSI model)

    Dr. Nirnay Ghosh


    Assistant Professor
    Department of Computer Science & Technology
    IIEST, Shibpur
    2/16/2021 Computer Networks (Module 1) 1
    Present Day Internet
    • A network is a group of connected,
    communicating devices.
    • An internet is two or more networks
    that can communicate with each
    other.
    • The most notable internet is called
    the Internet composed of thousands
    of interconnected networks.
    • Three level hierarchical structure:
    • Backbones
    • Provider network
    • Customer network
    Hierarchical Organization of the Internet
    2/16/2021 Computer Networks (Module 1) 2
    History of Internet
    • Before 1960: telegraph & telephone networks
    • 1961: Birth of packet-switched networks
    • Mid-1960s: Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DoD)
    • 1967: Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET)
    • 1969: Implementation of ARPANET
    • Four computers - Interface Message Processor (IMP)
    • Network Control Protocol (NCP) provided communication between hosts
    • 1972: Internetting Project - Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn
    • Devised the idea of gateway
    • 1973: Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) – new version of NCP
    • Landmark paper: outlined the protocol to achieve end-to-end communication
    • Concepts of encapsulation, datagram, function of gateway
    • 1977: demonstration of an internet consisting of three different networks (ARPANET,
    packet radio, and packet satellite)
    • 2/16/2021
    Split TCP: Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internetworking Protocol (IP)
    Computer Networks (Module 1) 3
    History of Internet (Contd…)
    • 1981: UC Berkeley modified the UNIX operating system to include TCP/IP
    • Rise in the popularity of internetworking
    • Manufacturers used open-source Berkley UNIX code to build their products
    • 1981: Creation of Computer Science Network (CSNET)
    • 1983: ARPANET split into two networks: Military Network (MILNET) and
    ARPANET
    • TCP/IP became the official protocol for ARPANET
    • 1986: Creation of National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET)
    • 1991: Creation of a new, high-speed Internet backbone called Advanced
    Network Services Network (ANSNET)
    • Participating companies: IBM, Merit, Verizon
    • 1990s: Emergence of the World Wide Web (WWW) – explosion of Internet!
    • The Web was invented at CERN by Tim Berners-Lee.
    • Three fundamental technologies: HTML, URI, HTTP
    • 2/16/2021
    Added commercial application to Computer
    the Internet
    Networks (Module 1) 4

    You might also like