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The Learning Styles in Developing English Written Communication Skills Among

Grade 12 Students of Amable Mendoza Aguiluz School Year: 2018-2019

A Research Paper Presented to the

Faculty of Marymount Academy San Antonio

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in

Research 2

Researchers:
Ang, Brenda Jane
Baliber, Giselle B.
Cuales, Marianne
Joson, Jamby
Narag, Dona Mae
Colorina, Adrian
Juson, Aivan Claine
Ombrog, Peter
Section:

Humility

Teacher in Practical Research 2:

Ms. Melden M. Conde

Date of defense:

April 1, 2019
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers want to extend their greatest gratitude to all people who

contributed a big part for the study’s success.

First of all, the researchers want to acknowledge and thank God for giving them

intelligence, wisdom, power and strength to use for the study process. The researchers

also want to thank their teacher in Practical Research II, Ms. Melden Conde for her

unlimited guidance to everything that the researchers are doing over the process.

Furthermore, they want to thank the teachers who motivated them a lot to continue and

push the study until the end. Moreover, the parents, friends, relatives and classmates

should have to be thanked for they are the people who set inspiration to the researchers of

making the study the best of it. The researchers also thank and acknowledge each

member for their continued and infinite enthusiasm that was shown all over the research

process.

In addition, the researchers want to thank the students, staffs, teachers, student

activity coordinator and the school director of Amable Mendoza Aguiluz Paranaque City

branch for letting the researchers have a survey in their beloved school.

Lastly, the researchers want to congratulate all other groups who made research

study as well
 Table of Contents

Chapter I: The Problem and Its Background

Introduction 1
Conceptual Framework 4
Theoretical Framework 5
Statement of the Problem 8
Significance of the Study 9
Scope and Delimitation 11
Definition of Terms 11

Chapter II: Review of Related Literature and Studies

Foreign Study 13
Foreign Literature 15
Local Study 18
Local Literature 21

Chapter III: Research Methodology

Research Design 25

Description of the Respondents 26

Sample and Sampling Technique 26

Data Gathering Procedure 30

Research Locale 30

Statistical Treatment 31
Chapter IV: Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

I. Profile of the respondents in terms of:

Table 1.1: Age 33

Table 1.2: Sex 35

II. Preferred Learning Style of Grade 12 students in terms of:

Table 2.1: Visual 36

Table 2.2: Aural 38

Table 2.3: Verbal 40

Table 2.4: Social 42

Table 2.5: Solitary 44

III. Overall Mean of Preferred Learning Styles 46

Chapter V: Summary of Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations

Summary of Study 48

Summary of Findings 49

Conclusions 51

Recommendations 52

References

Curriculum Vitae

Consent Form

Questionnaire

Data Coding Sheet

 THE LEARNING STYLES IN DEVELOPING ENGLISH WRITTEN
COMMUNICATION SKILLS AMONG GRADE 12 STUDENTS OF
AMABLE MENDOZA AGUILUZ SCHOL YEAR: 2018-2019

Chapter I

Problem and Its Background

Introduction

According to Merriam Webster’s Dictionary, the word “skill” is an ability to do

something that comes from training, experience, or practice. For a person to be able to

acquire or develop the desired skill he or she wants to get, he or she must have a way in

order to successfully done it. Those ways must fit the interest of a person to boost the

motivation in learning the aim skill. Nowadays, there is one practical skill that every

student must have to learn for the near great future they are looking forward to take path,

the English Communication Skill. That is why this study runs around the different

learning styles every student prefers to boost the motivation in learning and acquiring the

English Communication Skills.

The main variable of this study is learning style. According to Wikipedia, learning

is the process of acquiring new knowledge, skills, values, behaviors and preferences

while style is a way of doing things. In combining the two words, learning style will be

defined as a way on how people will learn and acquire something. There are five sub-

variables that were founded by the researchers. Those sub-variables are the attributes of

the main variable which are very important for the study to become successful. The first

sub-variable is Visual or Spatial type of learning style. This sub-variable refers to those

people who prefer to use images and pictures to learn a skill. In addition, it also involves

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the sense of sight of a person. The second sub-variable is Aural style of learning. This

sub-variable refers to those people who prefer of using sounds and music to learn and

acquire a skill. The sense of hearing was involved in this kind of learning style. The third

sub-variable is called Verbal learning style. This learning style refers to those people who

choose using more on words for them to easily memorize the fundamentals of the skill

they are acquiring. The fourth sub-variable is Social or Interpersonal style of learning.

This type of learning style refers to people who prefer to learn together with other people

in acquiring a skill. The last sub-variable is Solitary or Intrapersonal style of learning.

This is a learning style which the person who is learning and acquiring a particular skill

chooses to be alone.

There are many students who are about to graduate soon. Those students must

have to make themselves equipped with the most practical skills they can use in the

industry of business and employment and One of the most important skills they have to

acquire is the English Communication Skills which can make them be globally

competitive in the future that is nearly coming. That is why the researchers must have to

know what is the different learning style every student prefers to boost their motivation in

acquiring English Communication Skill based on what is their interests.

The importance of conducting this study is that it can enlighten the readers that

there are many learning styles they can use to learn and acquire not only English

Communication Skills but also in other fields of skills they want to get. Also, this study

can give advices on how can a person learn a particular skill with ease and without any

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hassles. In addition for that, the researchers can also know what are the most chosen

learning style the students prefers for them to learn English Communication Skills.

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Conceptual Framework

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

 Probability

The Learning Styles in - Stratified  Conclusion

Developing English Written Sampling  Recommendations
Communication Skills  Descriptive Statistics

Among Grade 12 Students of - Frequency

Amable Mendoza Aguiluz - Percentage

School Year 2018-2019 - Mean

 Data Collection
Technique
- Validated Survey
Questionnaire

Figure 1 IPO Framework

The study focuses on the learning styles in developing English written

communication skills among grade 12 students of Amable Mendoza Aguiluz School Year

2018-2019. The researchers use probability sampling specifically stratified random

sampling in choosing their respondents. Furthermore, they also use descriptive statistics

specifically frequency and mean in showing the results of their study. Lastly, they use

Validated Survey Questionnaire in collecting data. The researchers give conclusions and

recommendations at the end of the study.

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Theoretical Framework

According to Kolb (1984), our individual learning styles started due to genetics,

life experiences and the demand of our current environment. Kolb also developed

experiential learning theory and an inventory of learning style. In his experiential

learning theory, learning is viewed as a four-stage cycle. First, immediate and strong

experiences based on observation. Second, the person reflects on what he or she had

observed and creates a general theory or analyzation on what the information might

mean. Third, the learner builds and creates concepts based on what he or she had

understood and apply it to new situations. Lastly, the process cycles back to the first step

of the experiential process. This theory of Kolb is much related to the study because it

also focuses on the factors that make a person to acquire a skill such as the demand of the

current society which is similar to the English Communication Skills that is a big demand

to the business and employment industry.

According to Roger (1983), humanism is an approach that believes learning is

seen as a personal act to fulfill potential. Also, based on the theory of humanism that

Roger developed, people have a natural eagerness to learn and that involves changing the

own concept of one’s self. This theory recommends that learning will take place if the

person who is delivering it will act as the facilitator. The facilitator, specifically, has to

provide a great atmosphere where in the learner will feel comfortable, can create new

ideas and are able to learn from the mistakes they’ve done as long as they are not

threatened by external factors. This theory of Humanism developed by Roger is related to

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the study because the researchers are not only focusing on the skill learner but also on

those people who want to share their knowledge to the person who want to learn. That is

why this theory is connected to the study that the researchers are conducting.

According to Laird’s Sensory Theory (1985), learning cannot be done if the five

senses did not take place. The sense of sight, hearing, taste, touch and smell must have to

be stimulated. This theory of Laird is also related to the researchers’ study because

acquiring English Communication Skills also need the human’s senses to completely

acquire and learn it that is why this theory is the most connected one to the researchers’

conducted study.

As stated by Skinner (1974), a learner is actually passive as assumed by

behaviorism and will be shaped through positive or negative reinforcement. Therefore,

learning means change in behavior. As believed by Skinner, behavior is the result of its

consequences. If positive feedback was given to the learner, he or she will repeat the

desired action he or she did. But if negative feedback was given to the learner, he or she

must not do again the action he or she had made. Positive feedback can be done in a

verbal praising such as “that’s great”, “you’ve done the document without any errors” or

“you’re certainly getting well on that task”. Giving tangible things such as certificate at

the end of the program or pay rise and promotion at work can also be done as a booster

for the learner. This Skinner’s behaviorism theory is really connected to the researchers’

study because a student who is learning and acquiring the skill of English

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Communication must also have to be praised if he or she is doing great from the chosen

learning style he or she used.

As stated by Vygotsky (1978), constructivism is about learning being an active,

contextualized process rather than acquiring it. The learner brings past experiences and

cultural factors to the current situation and each person has a different understanding and

analyzation to the knowledge of a skill. This theory is connected and related to the study

because in learning English Communication Skill, a person must also have to put his or

her past knowledge about English language to be applied in the present time that he or

she is acquiring the said skill.

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Statement of the Problem

This study aims to know The Learning Styles in Developing English Communication

Skills Among Grade 12 Students of Amable Mendoza Aguiluz School Year: 2018-2019.

Specifically, it answers the following questions:

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of the following variables:

1.1 .Age; and

1.2. Sex?

2. What learning style does a student prefer in acquiring and developing English

Communication Skills in terms of following:

2. 1. Visual ;

2.2. Aural ;

2.3. Verbal ;

2.4. Social ; and

2.5. Solitary ?

3. What is the most and least preferred among the learning styles in learning the

English language?

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Significance of the Study

The result and findings are beneficial to the students, teachers, program

coordinators, and DepEd administration.

To the Students, they can be able to know what are the other learning styles

exists. They can use it as a process in acquiring and developing English Communication

Skills that can be used for office-related jobs in the near future.

To the Teachers, they can have an idea on how to help the students develop not

only their English Communication but also in other field of skills. The teachers will also

be enlightened on how to unleash the highest potential of each student’s hidden skills.

To the Student Activity Coordinators, they can get information and ways on

how they can be able to make programs that will help the students develop and acquire

not only their English Communication skill but also their other hidden talents that can

also be develop through process.

To the DepEd or Department of Education, they can be able to see the strong

importance of acquiring and developing a student’s English Communication Skill be used

in job and employment industry. Also, by reading this study, they can realize that every

student has a different preferred way or style of acquiring something based on their

interests. By understanding it, the Department of Education can be guided in making

interesting general programs that will boost the motivation of the students in developing

their English Communication Skill.

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To the Researchers, they can also know what learning style is dominant to them

that can help them to improve their English Communication Skills. They can use the

study not just for themselves but also to help a lot of students around them. In addition,

they can use their study in defining what learning style is best to use if they want to

acquire skills that is related to their chosen field.

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Scope and Delimitation

The study focuses on the different preferred Learning Styles such as

Visual(Spatial), Aural(Auditory), Verbal(Linguistic), Social(Interpersonal), and

Solitary(Intrapersonal) in Developing English Communication Skills among Grade 12

Students of Amable Mendoza Aguiluz in Paranaque City with a track of ABM, STEM,

HUMMS, and Tech- Voc.

Definition of Terms

The following terms used were defined as:

Aural – type of learning style that involves the sense of hearing.

Behaviorism – the theory that human and animal behavior can be explained in terms of

conditioning, without appeal to thoughts or feelings, and that psychological disorders are

best treated by altering behavior patterns.

Communication – the imparting or exchanging of information or news.

Constructivism - a philosophical viewpoint about the nature of knowledge.

Facilitator – a person or thing that makes an action or process easy or easier.

Humanism – emphasizes reason and science over scripture and tradition, and believes

that human beings are flawed but capable of improvement.

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Learning – the acquisition of knowledge or skills through experience, study, or by being

taught.

Learning Style – speaks to the understanding that every student learns differently.

Sensory – relating to sensation or the physical senses; transmitted or perceived by the

senses.

Skill – the ability to do something well

Social – relating to society or community.

Solitary – done or existing alone.

Style – a manner or way of doing something.

Verbal – relating to or in the form of words.

Visual – learning style that involves the sense of sight.

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Chapter II

Review of Related Literature and Studies

Foreign Studies

As stated by Kutay (2006), the instructors that can be encountered in college stage

have different learning styles and teaching assistants because of their different cultural

backgrounds. These own preferred learning styles can give insights to the instructors or

teacher on what is the best teaching strategy based on their equipped learning style.

Different kinds of issues can be discovered such as the effect of differences in terms of

age, gender, and educational level of parents. This study was a foremost research aiming

to discover that there are different learning styles from different cultural backgrounds. As

a matter of fact, all the teachers as well as the students have to identify each student’s

learning styles or we are not giving same chances for all skill learners. This statement of

Kutay basically explains that there are many different learning strategies scattering

because of people’s different cultural backgrounds. That is why the only thing that the

instructors must have to do is to know the preferred learning styles of the learners so that

they can give excellent fairness for all.

According to Shaaidi (2012), students symbolize a piece of white cloth and the

teachers are the artists that will color that white cloth to become more colorful. Teachers

are the artists that will help the students to learn different learning styles and strategies

that fit them. So that students may know their preferred learning styles and utilize

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themselves to improve their preferred learning styles and also they can learn new styles

that strengthen themselves when it comes in learning styles. Being successful is normal

for a person if he or she can greatly show his or her different learning styles that they can

use in any situation. If the students are willing to learn different styles of teaching, the

teachers will choose what learning styles are they going to use that will suit to the

students. This statement from the study of Shaaidi simply explains that in able for the

students or learners develop or acquire a skill, the teachers or the instructors have the

accountability to guide them in order to know what are the learning styles that fits them.

According to Perna (2011), it was simply observed that those students with

different learning styles do learn differently according to their preferred strategy.

Students variety of learning styles affect their performance to become good or worse in

different aspects inside of the class and it is depending on how attached the skill to their

chosen learning strategy.

As eloquently stated by Tudy (2014), the purpose of this study was to investigate

the impact of students’ preferred learning styles on the academic performance in business

administration discipline. From the results, it is visible that there are some other variables

that affect the academic performance of the students. Both research studies represent no

relationship between the preference of learning styles and the academic of business

students. This research provides significant evidence regarding the preference of learning

styles of business management students. Many educational scholar would approve that

various combination of different learning styles significantly increase the academic

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performance. It is also suggested that successful learner learn in various learning styles.

Therefore, students with two or more learning styles will perform better. For a teacher, it

is primary concern to know about the preferred learning methods of students. As much as

they are aware of students preferred learning styles, they can develop better teaching

strategy for their students. The findings of learning style and their preferences act as

guidelines for students as well teacher. This statement from the study of Tudy simply

explains that a learner with two or more learning styles can be developed better in any

skill development and acquisition they want to learn.

As stated by Larkin (2003), students have different learning styles and their

individual learning styles can affect their learning process. In addition, it is beneficial to

the student and to their instructor to use a formal learning style assessment because it can

provide applicable information. Take note the fact that the used of learning style

assessment tool is not critical than the real learning style assessment. It has been

illustrated in this paper the value and importance of embracing a learning style approach

in the classroom with the help of the teaching and learning strategies that is explained in

this paper. The interests and motivation of students to learn can expand by adopting the

learning styles approach in the classroom that is asserts by the author.

Foreign Literature

The communication strategies have a fourth subset of language that use of

strategies, to maintain the message of conveying the message that is both effective for the

person who can read and listen. The communication styles have primary perspectives as
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verbal or non-verbal tools which can be used deal with the conflicts. These tools can help

to remain the partner be involved in the conversation. The purpose of communication

strategies is to manipulate the conversation in the middle of complicated spots and to spill

their thoughts in most creative ways, or create more time to think and negotiate the hard

parts and can be able to say that everything will be clear. These styles set the learners

communicative skill and proficiency. It also inserts the conversational or communication

strategy/style that can balance and remain the learning. This study of Cohen focuses on

the applied communication strategy that can give benefits to the person who wants to

develop English communication skill. This specific style in communication will help the

learners be enlightened about a specific way to completely acquire and develop English

communication skills (Cohen, 2012).

Learning style refers to characteristic cognitive, effective and psychosocial

behaviors that present as indicators on how learners understand, acquire, develop a

specific skill and respond to the learning surroundings. It is stated as one of the factors

for successful higher state of education. Researchers and some methods were conducted

to understand learning styles. There are many single methods that currently exist but are

not totally accepted. These types of methods are much needed in order to understand

learning styles even more. But on the other hand, there were many classifications and

potential scales are in use. Most of these scales are focusing on environmental

preferences, sensory modalities, personality types, and or cognitive styles (Romanelli et

al, 2009).

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Learning style is explained as the way on how an individual absorbs new

information and skills. A given learning style is associated by three such as; first, human

senses which include the sense of sight and hearing. Second, activities that include

thinking and doing. Lastly, emotions that include the feeling of an individual.

Furthermore, in can also be the combination of these three. Every individual is exposed to

know what learning style is dominant to them and also it can affect some or most of the

other person to some state or stage of intensity (Uhlik, 2005).

As we all know, students learn their vocabulary in a different long way process

that can influence each other’s differences. The college students in Mainland, China have

been noted that the major reasons why most of them a failed is when it comes in learning

foreign languages. Each of everyone has noteworthy differences, students may learn by

choosing their own learning style strategies that will end up with negative or positive

outcomes. It was stated here that this paper focuses how to categorize the expansion of

learning vocabulary that can be more active in different vocabulary learning strategies

and put them together into a learning system along particular learning paths to be

provided for different learning styles. Based on the study the system was tested for the

purpose of checking the effects of learning paths (Wu, 2014).

Learning styles is an individual preferred on how they can easily learn by using

their own abilities to adapt knowledge. Each person had a different learning style that

they can use to acquire new knowledge by understanding and receiving details in that

specific subject or skill. Learning styles can be entitled into two highest of continuous

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sequences, but when the learners moved in a sequence it may be fall in a conflict because

of its highest potential by their own. Individuals have their own style of learning based on

what they preferred, learning styles can be make partial and enlarge the styles in the

different circumstances. The area that covered by which individual can change their

styles that can be fit to the situation (Hatami, 2012).

Local Studies

As stated by Oxiño (2010), this study attempts to describe the learning

preferences and its effect on academic performance of business students. Study finds that

most of the students are multimodal learners that are good for learning as well as teaching

perspective. The following are conclusions from the study’s findings. The finding exhibit

that majority of the students have close balance between all the learning styles. The

academic performance of business students does not exhibit preference for specific

learning style and they demonstrate almost equal preferences for all the learning styles.

This research also suggests that the majority of business students have different

combination of learning styles. Overall, it is concluded from study findings that every

student use the different learning style which are personally unique to them. This

statement from the study of Oxino clearly states that the learning style of a person really

affects his or her academic performance. Having a learning style that best fits the person

will improve his or her skill acquisition and development.

According to Abante et al (2014), learning style refers to the way of an individual

to process and retain information and it also describes a person’s typical mode of thinking
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remembering and problem solving. The seven basic learning styles are; visual (spatial),

aural (auditory-musical), verbal (linguistic), physical (kinesthetic), logical

(mathematical), social (interpersonal), and solidarity (intrapersonal). Each person prefers

different style and techniques than others. Some people may find that they have a

dominant style of learning, with far less use of the other styles. Yet there is neither right

mix nor fixed styles in learning, because we can develop ability in less dominant styles

while improving the style we already used well. By recognizing and understanding our

own learning styles, we can use techniques better suited to us. This improves the speed

and quality of our learning.

As mentioned by Ballalo and Bajet-Paz (2015), most of the students do not know

their own learning styles and emotional intelligence. But then, knowing one’s learning

style and emotional intelligence is very important because it can help the students to

induce their self-awareness such as their strength and weaknesses as learners. The result

shows that students have a high level of learning style in three variables such as visual,

auditory and kinesthetic. The overall level of learning style of students is related with

their self-motivation while visual learning style is related to self-regulation. Furthermore,

auditory learning style is related to the student self-awareness, motivation, social skill and

the overall level of emotional intelligence. Lastly, kinesthetic learning style is related to

social awareness and self-motivation.

As stated by Lucas et al (2011), researchers found out that a feeling of worry to

their learning styles can create hard time in learning. It was also indicated that a feeling

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of worry can estimate the difficulty in knowledge acquisition in communication. The

nominated study planned to observe the feeling of worry in learning English language

here in the Philippines for those international students. It also focused to the learning

strategies in terms of English language for those students that are encountering a feeling

of worry in learning. The target of this study is for those international students that are

studying in Manila were these students exist in large number. It also suggested that the

learners should use the vocabulary strategy for those students to deal effectively with

something hard to their feeling of worry in English language. It will also help the students

to learn the basic to the largest one to acquire new knowledge and skills to focus to the

language which is English.

According to Ferrer (1990), in several current times, many researchers have been

conducted about learners’ conceptions in natural happenings. But on the other hand,

unfortunately, there have been less effort to observe or identify how the behavior of the

learners and their surroundings affect that such plans or ideas. This research started from

an attempt or effort enhanced by McCarthy (1981) to explain the learners in Malaysian

primary schools. It was proven that Asian schools are very different from US schools.

That is why it was agreed to provide a checklist of learning style in able to identify the

differences between the learners which will serve as a guide for the teachers on what is

the best style to be given to every learners. Four subset was divided by the checklists

which are perceptual, process, self-confidence and motivation. The tools were authorized

and used to classify the preferred learning styles of four students in Penang, Malaysia.

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This study was also made in the Philippines to know the because of aiming the reason of

identifying the connection between learning strategies or styles and science achievement

where the lessons of food respiration and excretion was already taken. There are many

relationships were seen between these two studies. This study of Ferrer identifies that the

learners and the environment really matters. If the surrounding is giving a positive

feedback then the learner can be able to get motivated and dedicated to use his or her

preferred learning style in acquiring and developing a skill.

Local Literature

Many facts contribute to the learning process experiences like the people we are

having with, the things or instruments we are using the curriculum or pathway to follow

and many more. These circumstances might give advantages to some but not to all. As a

matter of fact, there are variety types of learners. And each of them absorbs and analyzes

each details or information differently from each other. For example, a person may be a

learner who can visualize a topic in a discussion better if it is guided and provided using

visual aids or study by own with just a partner. Whatever your status, a student or a

teacher, it is important for you to know what kind of person are you as a learner. Doing

this practice can enhance you and be develop leading to nice and accurate analyzation

(Santos, 2017).

The today’s generation of youth also known as Generation Z are doing everyday

activities with the use of technology more often. They were also called as Founders, Post-

Millennials and The iGeneration in the middle times of 1990s up to 2010. They can do
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tasks at just the same time. These youth have been illustrated as digital, inquisitive,

innovative, self-reliant, globally-aware, entrepreneurial and unafraid. These Gen Z-ers

tend to be more comfortable learning with their other co-students or even at the other

place outside of the facilities of their school. They are more on using modernized

instrument like online forums and Skype. These people at the modern to strongly believe

that they can be able to easily get knowledge and understand each other’s experiences if

they are using the same tools. Learning does not only stop on the four sides of a

classroom it is a process that can be done in any place and in any time. In this present

time, most of the people are already visually oriented because of the messages that are

becoming image-based. Logos, signs and brands are scattering everywhere that make all

the people easily catch up information. These modern system had almost been conquered

the word-phrase based messages. The interpretation in learning styles has already shown

the influence in hands on and visual learning styles. The auditory delivery structure has

been already influenced most of the classrooms. This article of Manila Bulletin explains

that because of the modern technology, the students can do two or more tasks at just the

same moment. Most of the students were already practicing visual, auditory learning

styles and hands on because of the modern system they used to (Posadas, 2018).

Instructors’ problems in giving instructions to the millennial originated from

themselves. Also, it were also stemmed from the technology based learning strategies of

the 21st century people and from the technology systems created for the huge number of

classes manipulated in some universities that are not having enough service. On the side

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of the teachers, the solution to deal in giving instructions and guiding millennial classes is

to provide friendly interactions, provide firm criteria or basis on the works of each

student. In addition, instructors can also store or keep each student’s requirements as

guidelines for future purposes that can be used by other mid-career teachers. This

statement from the article of Aguirre and Faller simply explains that on the part of the

instructors commonly known as teachers, they can do ways in able for the modern

students learn easily and develop the skill they already have and easily acquire other skill

too. Having friendly interaction can help for the students to grow their potentials in any

skill acquisition they want to achieve (Aguirre and Faller Jr., 2018).

Marzano from the University of Washington conducted an experiment that

focuses on interaction inside the classroom and its effect on learning and result based

assessment. His study only runs around the different approaches inside the classroom and

how the results will be inserted in the rule developing and guidelines. He emphasized that

the most struggle or conflict that everyone is facing in this current system is that people

are still using hundred year old strategies and structures like students are just sitting and

sometimes very ineffectively. The 21st century leaner is very opposite to that old system.

This statement of Marzano explains that if we want to boost our students of modern

generation confidence in learning and acquiring something, we have to do something in

able to release their dedication and motivation and let them freely choose their preferred

learning style instead of sitting on the classrooms only and being passive most of the time

(Manila Standard Lifestyle, 2016).

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There are many learning styles that every student is possessing which they are

using. These common learning styles they prefer are taking notes, relying on visual aids

for more effective and efficient understanding and audio recordings that they can play

repeatedly again and again. It is important for a student to find his or her most

comfortable learning style so that he or she can have fast acquisition of something he or

she want to learn especially if busyness and schedule overload are encountering such as

architecture students in University of Manila. On the other hand, the strategy for a student

to learn was not only depended on himself or herself. It is also counted to the instructors

who are guiding and giving instructors on them. The system of teaching also really

matters for the learners who want to acquire and develop knowledge and skills. Problem-

based learning is one of the common learning styles provided in schools. This statement

of Mapua explains that not all students have the same learning strategies. But the most

important thing in able for them to learn is that the instructors must have to provide

systematic way of skill and knowledge acquisition and development for the students

better enhancement (Mapua, 2016).

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Chapter III

Research Methodology

Research Design

Quantitative Research is a method that is used to provide or gather numerical data

by employing statistical tools. This type of research basically explains a certain

happening by gathering important data and analyzed by the help of the tools that are

mathematically based methods. This type of research, basically, also identifies the

impulse of the respondents by understanding all the data gathered from them.

As above mentioned from the first paragraph, the researchers’ type of research is

Quantitative. The demographic profile that serves as one of the most essential and first

question asks about the age and sex of the respondents. The questions from the

demographic profile demands a true and honest answer from the respondents. These

accurate answers will make the data gathered more reliable for the researchers.

The Researchers survey questionnaire inserts the most preferred learning styles of

the Grade 12 respondents in Learning English Communication Skills. It calculates,

summarizes and points out the most dominant learning style of the respondents are using

in learning English Communication Skill. Since the researchers’ questionnaire is based

on the sub variables of the study, it measured the level of learning style preference of the

respondents by the process of putting a check mark on the choices that they agree. This

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questionnaire of the researchers serves as the main tool for getting the reliable data that

the researchers will analyzed.

Description of the Respondents

The respondents were the Grade 12 Students of Amable Mendoza Aguiluz

Paranaque City Branch and study at present school year of 2018-2019. The

representatives were 253 out of 687 of the total population identified by the researchers.

They were randomly selected through the use stratified sampling. The researchers simply

formulated and calculated population from each strata to be the respondents for the

survey.

 Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMMS)

 Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM)

 General Academic Strand (GAS)

 Technical-Vocational (Tech-Voc)

 Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM)

Sample and Sampling Technique

Stratified Sampling is the chosen data gathering technique by the researchers who

conducted the study. This kind of sampling is a method that involves division of a

population into smaller groups known as strata. In this process of stratification, the strata

are formed based on members shared attributes or characteristics. And for the study that

the researchers conducted the most common strata is the track and strand.

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The process of stratified sampling emphasizes the equality of the respondents to

be selected in every sub groups. That is why the researchers choose this sampling

technique to maintain the stability of respondents’ representation in the sample.

By choosing this type of sampling technique the researchers can give accurate

data to the Chapter 4 because the respondents were proportionately scattered from each

strata. It will present an acceptable result of the survey conducted because all the

respondents from the whole population were specifically chosen by the process of

dividing each of the tracks.

Along with the help of stratified sampling the researchers can easily distribute all

the questionnaires per strata unlike simple random sampling that needs or demands the

list of the potential respondents from the population. It will not be a hindrance for the

researchers to finish ahead of the given time because of this process.

To determine the sample size, from a given size, the slovin’s formula was used.

Below is the Slovin’s Formula.

Solution:
n = N / 1 + N e^2
n = N / 1 + N e^2
n = 687/ 1 + (687) (0.05)2
n = 687/ (1 + (687) (0.0025)
where:
n = 687 / (1 + 1.7175)
n = number of samples
n = 687 / 2.7175
N = total population
n = 252.80
e = margin of error (5%)
n = 253

Computation for Stratified Sampling

Stem 1 Stem 2 Stem 3

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nh= n/N x Nh nh= n/N x Nh nh= n/N x Nh
= 253/687 x 50 = 253/687 x 46 = 253/687 x 46
= 18 = 17 = 17

ABM 1 ABM 2 ABM 3

nh= n/N x Nh nh= n/N x Nh nh= n/N x Nh
= 253/687 x 42 = 253/687 x 37 = 253/687 x 37
= 15 = 14 = 14

ABM 4 GAS 1 GAS 2

nh= n/N x Nh nh= n/N x Nh nh= n/N x Nh
= 253/687 x 42 = 253/687 x 46 = 253/687 x 37
= 15 = 17 = 14

HUMMS 1 HUMMS 2 Tech-Voc 1

nh= n/N x Nh nh= n/N x Nh nh= n/N x Nh
= 253/687 x 30 = 253/687 x 41 = 253/687 x 48
= 11 = 15 = 18

Tech-Voc 2 Tech-Voc 3 Tech-Voc 4

nh= n/N x Nh nh= n/N x Nh nh= n/N x Nh
= 253/687 x 16 = 253/687 x 39 = 253/687 x 34
=6 = 14 =9

Tech-Voc 5 Tech-Voc 6 Tech-Voc 7

nh= n/N x Nh nh= n/N x Nh nh= n/N x Nh
= 253/687 x 40 = 253/687 x 26 = 253/687 x 40
= 15 =9 = 15

Section No. of Students Sample per stratum

STEM 1 50 18

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STEM 2 46 17

STEM 3 46 17

ABM 1 42 15

ABM 2 37 14

ABM 3 37 14

ABM 4 42 15

GAS 1 46 17

GAS 2 37 14

HUMMS 1 30 11

HUMMS 2 41 15

Tech-Voc 1 48 18

Tech-Voc 2 16 6

Tech-Voc 3 39 14

Tech-Voc 4 24 9

Tech-Voc 5 40 15

Tech-Voc 6 26 9

Tech-Voc 7 40 15

TOTAL 687 253

Data Gathering Procedure

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To identify the most common dominant Learning Style of the respondents, the

result of the survey process were analyzed by the researchers based on the students’

impulse. The questionnaire used was divided only into two parts; the first part consist of

items that points the demographic profile of the respondents ( age and sex ) while the

second part consists of questions about learning style which is in the degree of

agreeability type.

253 questionnaires including all tracks of Grade 12 Students of Amable Mendoza

Aguiluz Paranaque City Branch were used for data gathering procedure. With the school

year that covers 2018-2019.

Research Locale

The Researchers’ respondents for this study came from Amable Mendoza Aguiluz

Paranaque City Branch and are currently in Grade 12 level. This school is located at 8104

Dr. A. Santos Ave., San Dionisio, Sucat, Paranaque City. This school is one of the

leading IT-based schools in Southern Metro Manila. Also, it provides students with high-

quality programs with its list of courses including Business Administration, Computer

Science, and Information Technology. Furthermore, Senior High students who intend to

study in the school can also choose from different strands such as ABM, STEM, GAS,

HUMMS, HE, IA, and ICT. This school’s programs are truly recognized by agencies that

are respectable such as Commission on Higher Education and Department of Education.

This school branch in Paranaque was just freshly established this 2012.

There are different facilities in this school. Computer Labs, Libraries, and others.

This School consists of 18 classrooms excluding the college rooms. The AMA Paranaque

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City Branch focuses more on computer based lectures which is their prioritized course for

the students who are willing to enter.

Statistical Treatment

To easily understand the data collected, the researchers used frequency

distribution, percentage, and Mean.

Rating Score Range Verbal Interpretation

5 4.01-5.00 Means you learn excellently

that way
4 3.01-4.00 Means you learn best that
way
3 2.01-3.00 Means you learn adequately
or just enough
2 1.01-2.00 Means you learn a little

1 0.01-1.00 Means you do not learn at

all

Formula for calculating percentage is as follows.

Percentage = (f/n) x 100%

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Where:

f = frequency

n= sample size where sample size

Formula for calculating weighted mean is as follows.

X = ∑x/N
Where:

X = weighted mean

∑ = sum

x = variables

N= number of variables

Chapter IV

Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data

Table 1.1 Age

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Age Frequency Percentage

16 y/o 14 6%

17 y/o 76 30 %

18 y/o 121 48 %

19 y/o 34 13 %

20 y/o and above 8 3%

Total 253 100 %

Age

3% 6%
13%

16 y/o
17 y/o
30% 18 y/o
19 y/o
20 y/o and above

48%

There are 253 participants. The table shows that 6 % of the respondents ages 16

years old while 30 % of them ages 17 years old. 48 % of the respondents have the age of

18 years old, 13 % have the age of 19 years old and only 3 % of the respondents ages 20

years old and above. Majority of the participants have the age of 18 years old.

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Table 1.2 Sex

Sex Frequency Percentage

44 %
Male 111
Female 142 56 %

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Total 253 100 %

Gender

Male
44%
Female

56%

There are 253 respondents. The table shows that 44 % of the participants are male

while 56 % are female. Therefore, based on the data inserted in the table, majority of the

respondents are female.

Table 2.1 Visual

Visual Weighted Verbal Interpretation

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Mean

When I want to learn English 4.34 Means you learn excellently

communication skill, I tend to watch
videos of grammar, see visuals, and that way
other ways that involves my sense of
sight
When I am having a hard time in 4.3 Means you learn excellently
learning English communication skill, I
read, and observe others who are doing that way
the same practice for me to easily catch
it up.
I learn English communication skill 4.28 Means you learn excellently
better when I am seeing visuals with
texts, power points, reading deep words that way
in dictionary
I am not easily get bored in learning 4.17 Means you learn excellently
English communication skill when
there are pictographs, comic visuals, that way
speech bubbles, and other entertaining
visual pictures and texts that are
presented.
I am an observant person. 4.2 Means you learn excellently

that way

Total 4.26 Means you learn excellently

that way

The table shows that there are 5 statements related to visual learning style in

learning and developing their English communication skills. In statement 1 which is

watching videos of grammar, seeing visuals and other ways that involves sense of sight

helps to learn English communication skill and has an average mean of 4.34 with a

descriptive interpretation of means you learn excellently that way. Statement 2 which is

reading and observing others who are doing the same practice helps ease the difficulty of

a particular person who wants to learn English Communication Skills has an average

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mean of 4.3 with a descriptive interpretation of means learn excellently that way.

Statement 3 which is seeing visuals with texts, power points, reading deep words in

dictionary makes the English Communication Skills better got an average mean of 4.28

with a descriptive interpretation of means learn excellently that way. Statement 4 which

is pictographs, comic visuals, speech bubbles, and other entertaining visual pictures and

texts that are presented help to lessen boredom in learning English Communication Skills

got an average of 4.17 with verbal interpretation of means learn excellently that way. And

lastly, statement 5 which is being an observant person got an average score of 4.26 with a

descriptive interpretation of learn best that way. As the result, statement number 1 has the

highest mean while statement number 4 has the lowest one. All in all, the general

weighted average mean of the visual learning style is 4.26 and has a descriptive

interpretation of means learn excellently that way.

Table 2.2 Aural

Aural Weighted Verbal Interpretation

Mean
When I want to learn English 4.39 Means you learn excellently

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communication skill, I prefer to listen that way
speeches, English music and other ways
that involves my sense of hearing.
When I am having a hard time in learning 4.18 Means you learn excellently
English communication skill, I prefer to that way
listen English music more to light up my
mood and continue on listening translated
track.
I learn English communication skill 4.11 Means you learn excellently
better when hearing and listening to other that way
that are speaking in English.
I am not easily get bored in learning 4.12 Means you learn excellently
English communication skill when I am that way
listening to interesting debates that uses
English as the medium of communication
in expressing their thoughts.
I am a good listener. 4.21 Means you learn excellently
that way
Total 4.2 Means you learn excellently
that way

The table presents the 5 statements under the Aural learning style in developing

English communication skills of the respondents. In the first statement which is listening

to speeches, English music and other ways that involves sense of hearing helps to learn

English communication skills got an average score of 4.39 and has a descriptive

interpretation of means learn excellently that way. The next statement which is listening

English music more helps lighten up the mood when having a hard time learning English

Communication Skill has an average score of 4.18 and has a descriptive interpretation of

learn excellently that way. The third statement which is hearing and listening to other that

are speaking English language helps learn English Communication Skills better has an

average score of 4.11 with a descriptive interpretation of learn excellently that way. The

fourth statement which is listening to interesting debates that uses English as the medium

of communication in expressing their thoughts avoids boredom got an average score of

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4.12 and has a descriptive interpretation of means learn excellently that way. Lastly, the

last statement for verbal learning style which is being a good listener got an average score

of 4.21 and has a descriptive interpretation of means learn excellently that way. As the

result based from the data, statement number 6 has the highest average mean while

statement number 8 has the lowest. All in all, the general weighted average mean of the

Aural learning style is 4.2 with a descriptive interpretation of means learn excellently that

way.

Table 2.3 Verbal

Verbal Weighted Verbal Interpretation

Mean
When I want to learn English 4.31 Means you learn excellently

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communication skill, I tend to speak that way
English language as a practice and
write different works to improve my
grammar.
When I am having a hard time in 4.1 Means you learn excellently
learning English communication skill, I that way
try to write the part that I am having a
hard time and read it aloud for me to
generate idea.
I learn English communication Skill 3.91 Means you learn best that
better when speaking English language way
not only in classroom but even in the
corridor, canteen and library.
I am not easily get bored in learning 4.12 Means you learn excellently
English communication skill when I am that way
challenged to speak hard words
correctly as part of some Ice breakers
and spell it out loud.
I am a good speaker. 3.75 Means you learn best that
way
Total 4.04 Means you learn best that
way

The table shows 5 statements under Verbal learning style in developing English

communication skills of the respondents. The first statement which is speaking English

language as a practice and writing different works to improve grammar has an average

mean of 4.31 and has a descriptive interpretation of means learn excellently that way. The

next statement which is writing the part that causes hard time and read it aloud me

generate idea has an average mean of 4.1 with a descriptive interpretation of means learn

excellently that way. The third statement which is when speaking English language not

only in classroom but even in the corridor, canteen and library helps learn English

communication skills better has an average mean of 3.91 and has a descriptive

interpretation of means learn best that way. The fourth statement which is being

challenged to speak hard words correctly as part of some ice breakers and spell it out loud

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lessens boredom in learning English communication skills has an average mean of 4.12

and has a descriptive interpretation of means learn excellently that way. The last

statement which is being a good speaker has an average mean of 3.75 with a descriptive

interpretation of means learn best that way. As the result from the data gathered under

Verbal learning style, statement number 11 has the highest mean while statement number

15 has the lowest. All in all, the general weighted average mean is 4.04 and has a

descriptive interpretation of means learn excellently that way.

Table 2.4 Social

Social Weighted Verbal Interpretation

Mean

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When I want to learn English Means you learn excellently
communication skill, I let myself be that way
with other people to gain experiences in
English communication skill. 4.29
When I am having a hard time in Means you learn excellently
learning English communication skill, I that way
seek for advices and help to other
people that I know has the mastery
already. 4.23
I learn English communication skill Means you learn excellently
better when I am demonstrating and that way
showing my skill to other people. 4.13
I am not easily get bored in learning Means you learn excellently
English communication skill when that way
there are circle of people that I am
belong with and sharing ones skill in
speaking English. 4.12
I am an extrovert person and I get more Means you learn best that
work done when I work with others 3.91 way
Total 4.14 Means you learn excellently
that way

The table presents 5 statements under Social learning style in developing English

communication skills. The first statement which is letting self be with other people to

gain experiences in English communication skill has an average mean of 4.29 and has a

descriptive interpretation of means learn excellently that way while the second statement

which is seeking advices and help from other people that has the mastery already when

having a hard time in learning English communication skill has an average mean of 4.23

and has a descriptive interpretation of means learn excellently that way. The third

statement which is demonstrating and showing skill to other people to learn better in

English communication skill has an average mean of 4.13 with a descriptive

interpretation of means learn excellently that way. The fourth statement which is being in

a circle of people to be belong with and sharing ones skill in speaking English lessen

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boredom has an average mean of 4.12 and has a descriptive interpretation of means learn

excellently that way. The last statement which is being an extrovert person and getting

more works done when working with others has an average mean of 3.91 with a

descriptive interpretation of means learn best that way. As the result from the analyzed

data under Social learning style, statement number 16 has the highest mean average while

in contrast, statement number 20 has the lowest. All in all, the general weighted average

mean of all the statements under Social learning style is 4.14 and has a descriptive

interpretation of means learn excellently that way.

Table 2.5 Solitary

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Solitary Weighted Verbal Interpretation
Mean
When I want to learn English 4.21 Means you learn excellently
communication skill, I tend to isolate that way
myself and practice on my own to get
focused and avoid distractions in
learning.
When I am having a hard time in 4.15 Means you learn excellently
learning English communication skill, I that way
try to recall all the things I have already
learned alone.
I learn English communication skill 4.14 Means you learn excellently
better when I am analyzing the that way
techniques of speaking, grammar,
intonation and accent on my own.
I am not easily get bored in learning 4.05 Means you learn excellently
English communication skill when I am that way
thinking of hard words and search it on
my own then memorizing it alone.
I am an introvert person and I prefer to 4.73 Means you learn excellently
work by myself that way
Total 4.05 Means you learn excellently
that way

The table shows 5 statements under Solitary learning style in developing English

communication skills. The first statement which is isolating self and practice by own to

get focused and avoid distractions in learning when wanting to learn English

communication skill has an average mean of 4.21 and has a descriptive interpretation of

means learn excellently that way while the second statement which is trying to recall all

the things that has already learned alone when having hard time in learning English

communication skill has an average mean of 4.15 with a descriptive interpretation of

means learn excellently that way. The third statement which is analyzing the techniques

of speaking, grammar, intonation and accent by own makes English communication skill

better has an average mean of 4.14 and has a descriptive interpretation of means learn

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excellently that way. The fourth statement which is thinking of hard words, searching and

memorizing it by own lessens boredom in English communication skill has an average

mean of 4.05 and has a descriptive interpretation of means learn excellently that way. The

last statement which is being an introvert person and preferring to work alone has an

average mean of 4.73 and has a descriptive interpretation of means learn excellently that

way. Based on the result of the analyzed data under Solitary learning style, statement

number 25 has the highest average mean while statement number 24 has the lowest. All

in all, the general weighted average mean is 4.05 and has a descriptive interpretation of

means learn excellently that way.

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Table 3 Overall Mean of Preferred Learning Styles

Learning Styles Weighted Mean Verbal Interpretation

Visual 4.26 Means you learn excellently

that way

Aural 4.2 Means you learn excellently

that way

Verbal 4.04 Means you learn excellently

that way

Social 4.14 Means you learn excellently

that way

Solitary 4.05 Means you learn excellently

that way

The table shows the 5 learning styles in developing English communication skills.

Visual learning style has a general weighted average mean of 4.26 with a descriptive

interpretation of means learn excellently that way while Aural learning style has general

weighted average mean of 4.2 with a descriptive interpretation of means learn excellently

that way. The third variable which is Verbal learning style got a general weighted

average mean of 4.04 and has descriptive interpretation of means learn excellently that

way. The fourth variable which is Social learning style has a general weighted average

mean of 4.14 with a descriptive interpretation of means learn excellently that way and

lastly Solitary learning style has a general weighted average mean of 4.05 with a

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AMABLE MENDOZA AGUILUZ SCHOOL YEAR: 2018-2019
descriptive interpretation of means learn excellently that way. As the result based on the

findings, Visual learning showed to be the most preferred learning style in developing

English written communication skill while Verbal learning style was the least preferred

style in developing English written communication skills.

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 THE LEARNING STYLES IN DEVELOPING ENGLISH WRITTEN
COMMUNICATION SKILLS AMONG GRADE 12 STUDENTS OF
AMABLE MENDOZA AGUILUZ SCHOOL YEAR: 2018-2019
Chapter V

Summary of Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations

Summary of Study

The research study is all about learning styles in developing English

Communication Skills. Its main goal is to identify what is the most common used and

preferred learning style among the Grade 12 students of Amable Mendoza Aguiluz

Paranaque City branch. The purpose of this study is to widen the knowledge of the Grade

12 students on what are the other learning styles they can use in able for them to fully

develop their English Communication skills. Also, this research study will boost their

perseverance to enhance and improve more the other skills that they have using different

kinds of learning styles. Grade 12 students will get benefit to this study and also the

students in other schools with different levels. It can provide different recommendations

and conclusions that can guide them in developing their English communication skill.

Personal research problem was provided by the researchers in able for them to

gather accurate and factual data that will support their research study. The researchers

had the accountability to have 253 Senior High School students who are currently

studying in Amable Mendoza Aguiluz having the present school year of 2018-2019. The

proponents explained the research design that fits for the study’s purpose. In addition,

this researchers’ study also provided basic general information about each participants

because this is the criteria for the study’s inclusion.

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Chapter four that focuses more on analyzing and interpretation of the gathered

data by the researchers were also presented. The data that were collected from the process

of survey were calculated using percentage, frequency and weighted average mean to

identify and discover the participants’ responses on what is the most preferred and

common used learning style of grade 12 students in Amable Mendoza Aguiluz Paranaque

City branch. The shown-up results from the collected data were accumulated by tallying

all the responses from the respondents, getting the frequency and percentage of the

demographic profile answers and summing all the responses from each set of questions

under different variables and divided it by on how many respondents were chosen.

Summary of Findings

1. Profile of the Respondents

The identified participants resulted to have 111 (44 %) males and 142(56 %)

Females and most of them ages 18 years old (48 %).

2. Learning Styles

2.1 Visual Learning Style

The respondents tend to watch videos of grammar, see visuals, and other ways

that involves their sense of sight with a mean of 4.34. In contrast, their boredom in

learning English communication skill is not fully lessen by way of seeing pictographs,

comic visuals, speech bubbles and other entertaining visual pictures and texts with a

mean of 4.17. The general weighted average mean of visual learning style is 4.26.

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2.2 Aural Learning Style

The respondents prefer listening to speeches, English music and other ways that

involves their sense of hearing and has a mean of 4.39. On the other hand, the

respondents are not that fond of listening to other people that are also speaking English

language that has the lowest mean of 4.11. The general weighted average mean of aural

learning style is 4.2.

2.3 Verbal Learning Style

The respondents tend to speak English language as a practice and write different

works to improve their grammar with a mean of 4.31. In contrary, some of them are not

possessed by good speaking ability and has the lowest mean of 3.75. The general

weighted average mean of aural learning style is 4.04.

2.4 Social Learning Style

The respondents tend to let themselves be with other people to gain experiences in

learning English communication skill with a mean of 4.29 while they are not fully having

the characteristic of being an extrovert person and not that fond of doing their works with

other people which has the lowest mean of 3.91. The general weighted average mean of

aural learning style is 4.14.

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2.5 Solitary Learning Style

Most of the respondents are possessed with the introvert characteristic and tend to

work by their own with a mean of 4.73 while there boredom are not fully lessen by

thinking of hard words, searching and memorizing it alone causing to have the lowest

mean of 4.05. The general weighted average mean of aural learning style is 4.05

3. Most and least preferred learning style

Most of the respondents preferred learning style is Visual with a mean of 4.26

while the least preferred is Verbal learning style and has a mean of 4.04.

Conclusions

Based from the study’s findings, the following conclusions were drawn:

1. Most of the students of Amable Mendoza Aguiluz Paranaque City branch who

became participants for the survey process are female and regarding to age,

majority of them ages 18 years old.

2. As the result of the data analyzation, visual learning style is the most preferred

learning style of Grade 12 students in Amable Mendoza Aguiluz Paranaque City

Branch. Therefore, most of them are strongly considered as visual learners in term

of developing their English communication skills.

3. Aural learning style resulted to be second to the highest type of learning strategy.

Therefore, aside from being a visual learner, grade 12 students of Amable

Mendoza Aguiluz School also has a high average of being an aural learners.

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4. Based on the over-all result, verbal is the type of learning style which has the least

average mean. Therefore, students of Amable Mendoza Aguiluz school is not that

good in terms of speaking activities because of stage fright they are experiencing.

5. The findings showed that social learning style resulted to have middle or neutral

average among all variables. The researchers conclude that students of Amable

Mendoza Aguiluz school have an average ability to interact and collaborate with

other people in learning English communication skill.

6. Solitary is second to the least preferred learning style. Therefore, the researchers

conclude that some of the students of Amable Mendoza Aguiluz are not introvert

not that introvert people and can be able to work things with other people instead

of doing it alone.

7. The most common used learning style is visual while the least preferred one is

verbal. The researchers conclude that students of Amable Mendoza Aguiluz

school often learn English communication skills by means of watching and

observing. On the other hand, they are not fond of speaking that is why this thing

needs to get extreme attention.

Recommendations

Based on the findings and conclusions of the study, the following

recommendations were proposed:

1. The school policy implementator should have to implement the English Only

Policy rule in able for the students to develop more their speaking ability since

this is the one who got the lowest result based on the data analyzation.

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COMMUNICATION SKILLS AMONG GRADE 12 STUDENTS OF
AMABLE MENDOZA AGUILUZ SCHOOL YEAR: 2018-2019
2. The school Principal should have to continue letting the teachers teach English

communication techniques that involve visual aids in able for the students to

continue patronize their most preferred learning style since this is the one that got

the highest result concluding that is it the most common used learning style of the

Grade 12 students of Amable Mendoza Aguiluz Paranaque City Branch.

3. Teachers should also have to focus not only on one learning style but also on the

other type by doing teaching strategies that are related to their students preferred

learning styles. The teaching strategies that the teacher can use is powerpoint

presentation with videos and sounds, group activities and individual activities to

give way and prioritization to those who prefer other type of learning style in

developing their English communication skill.

4. Students of Amable Mendoza Aguiluz must focus on developing their English

communication skills because this is one of the skills they have to possessed for

future related jobs they are looking forward to enter.

5. The local government agency specifically Department of Education should have

to organize different programs such as English Month, Intramurals for socializing,

and Individual Activities just like academic contest, that should occur in different

school every school year to focus more on improving the students English

communication skill including different type of learning style for the students to

easily get familiarize on what way of learning do they have to use in enhancing

their communication skills.

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COMMUNICATION SKILLS AMONG GRADE 12 STUDENTS OF
AMABLE MENDOZA AGUILUZ SCHOOL YEAR: 2018-2019
6. Every English month, the student activity coordinators must have to set or plan

enjoyable activities for the students not to get bored in developing English

communication skills.

7. Further researches must have to be conducted on how to develop English

communication skills to widen more the knowledge of the students, teachers,

student activity coordinators, principals, local government agencies and policy

implementator about other ways of enhancing one’s skill.

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 THE LEARNING STYLES IN DEVELOPING ENGLISH WRITTEN
COMMUNICATION SKILLS AMONG GRADE 12 STUDENTS OF
AMABLE MENDOZA AGUILUZ SCHOOL YEAR: 2018-2019

References

Bibliography

https://www.verywellmind.com/kolbs-learning-styles-2795155

https://tomprof.stanford.edu/posting/1505

https://www.learning-styles-online.com/overview/

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learning

Merriam Webster

Google Dictionary

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructivism_(philosophy_of_education)

http://philosophyterms.com/humanism/

https://teach.com/what/teachers-know/learning-styles/

Foreign Studies

1. Huban Kutay

A Comparative study about learning styles preferences of two cultures

2006

ResearchGate

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COMMUNICATION SKILLS AMONG GRADE 12 STUDENTS OF
AMABLE MENDOZA AGUILUZ SCHOOL YEAR: 2018-2019

2. Wan Raihan Wan Shaaidi

A Study of the preferred Learning Styles of Student taking the English 1119 paper in

SMK TengkuIntanZaharah: Are the Teachers Aware of These Learning Styles?

November 2012

ResearchGate

3. Jennifer Perna

Learning Styles and their Effect on Student Learning

January 17, 2011

Eastern Michigan University Digital Commons@EMU

4. Ida G Tudy and Randy A Tudy

Preferred Learning Styles of Criminology Student

January 2014

ResearchGate

5. Teresa L. Larkin

Learning Style in the Classroom: A Research Guided Approach

March 16-19, 2003

International Conference on Engineering and Computer Education

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 THE LEARNING STYLES IN DEVELOPING ENGLISH WRITTEN
COMMUNICATION SKILLS AMONG GRADE 12 STUDENTS OF
AMABLE MENDOZA AGUILUZ SCHOOL YEAR: 2018-2019

Foreign Literature

1. Andrew D. Cohen

Strategies in Learning and Using a Second Language

April 1, 2012

ELT Journal

2. Frank Romanelli, Eleanora Bird and Melody Ryan

Learning Styles: A review of Theory, Application, and Best Practices

February 2009

American Journal of Pharmaceutal Education

3. Kim S. Uhlik

If Advising is teaching, then Learning Style Matters

2005

NACADA Clearing House

4. Jing Wu

Effects of Laearning Styles on Self-directed Foreign Language Vocabulary Learning

Page 57
 THE LEARNING STYLES IN DEVELOPING ENGLISH WRITTEN
COMMUNICATION SKILLS AMONG GRADE 12 STUDENTS OF
AMABLE MENDOZA AGUILUZ SCHOOL YEAR: 2018-2019
2014

ResearchGate

pp 112-126

5. Sarvenaz Hatami

Learning Styles

December 28, 2012

ELT Journal

pp 488-490

Local Study

1. Ramer V. Oxiño

Learning Styles of PNU Freshman College Students School Year 2009-2010

2010

Philippine Normal University

pp 75-76

2. Mark Enrick R. Abante, Benjie C. Almendral, Jey-ren E. Manansala and Jovielyn

Manibo

Learning Styles and Factors Affecting the Learning of General Engineering Students

January 2014

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COMMUNICATION SKILLS AMONG GRADE 12 STUDENTS OF
AMABLE MENDOZA AGUILUZ SCHOOL YEAR: 2018-2019
ResearchGate

3. Elvin A. Balallo and Crizzle A. Bajet-Paz

Age, Residence, Parent’s Educational Attainment and Exposure to Media Affect

Student’s Learning Styles

June 2015

JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research

4. Rochelle Irene Lucas, Edna Miraflores and Dianne Go

English Language Learning Anxiety among Foreign Language Learners in the

Philippines

July 2011

Philippine ESL Journal

5. Lourdes M. Ferrer

Learning Environment, Learning Styles and Conceptual Understanding

January 1990

Springer Link

Local Literature

1. Janina Santos

The Five Types of Learners

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COMMUNICATION SKILLS AMONG GRADE 12 STUDENTS OF
AMABLE MENDOZA AGUILUZ SCHOOL YEAR: 2018-2019
March 10, 2017

IELTS baguio.blogspot.com

2. Regina G. Posadas

Z how they learn

February 3, 2018

Manila Bulletin

3. Evelyn B. Aguirre and Solomon D. Faller Jr.

Lived Stories of Mid Career Teachers: Their Struggles with Millenial Learners in the

Philippines

January 2018

Journal of Education and Social Research

4. Manila Standard Lifestyle

Change is coming, even in learning

August 6, 2016

Manilastandard.net

5. Mapua

The Effectiveness of Problem Based Learning

August 25, 2016

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COMMUNICATION SKILLS AMONG GRADE 12 STUDENTS OF
AMABLE MENDOZA AGUILUZ SCHOOL YEAR: 2018-2019
Cardinal Blog

Page 61
DONA MAE NARAG
#147 Hontiveros Cmpd., Fourth Estate, Brgy. San Antonio,
Parañaque City
09353929838
[email protected]

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Senior High Education
Marymount Academy San Antonio
Barangay San Antonio, Valley 1, Paranaque City
Contact Center Services
2017- Present

Junior High Education

Parañaque National High School
Barangay San Dionisio, Parañaque City
2013-2017

SKILLS

 Proficient communicator of English language

 Flexible and dependable
 Motivated
 Knowledgeable in using MS Word and MS Powerpoint

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Date of Birth: March 16, 2001

Age: 17 years old
Religion: Roman Catholic
Height: 5’4″
Weight: 55 kg
ADRIAN C. COLORINA
19269 Santan Street, Matatdo Homes, Greenheights Village,
Paranaque City
09436702613
[email protected]

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Senior High Education

Marymount Academy San Antonio
Barangay San Antonio, Valley 1, Paranaque City
Contact Center Services
2017- Present

Junior High Education

Parañaque National High School- Main
Barangay San Dionisio, Parañaque City
2013-2017

SKILLS

 Knowledgeable about using Microsoft Word, Microsoft Power Point

 Good in communicating to other people
 Flexible
 Good Listener
 Can handle calls and time management
 Positive attitude and Fast learner

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Date of Birth: October 27, 2000

Age: 18 years old
Religion: Philippine Independent Church
Height: 5’4”
Weight: 61kg
AIVAN CLAINE JUSON
Fourth Estate Fame Street Area 2 Parañaque City
0906-418-0921
[email protected]

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Senior High Education

Marymount Academy San Antonio
Barangay San Antonio, Valley 1, Paranaque City
Contact Center Services
2017- Present

Junior High Education

Parañaque National High School- Main
Barangay San Dionisio, Parañaque City
2013-2017

SKILLS

 Knowledgeable about using Microsoft Word, Microsoft Power Point

 Good in sports
 Computer Literate
 Responsible

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Date of Birth: January 5, 2001

Age: 18 years old
Religion: Roman Catholic
Height: 5’8”
Weight: 42 kg
BRENDA JANE M. ANG
#40 Creek Drive I, Valley 8, San Antonio, Parañaque City
09091792852
[email protected]

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Senior High Education
MaryMount Academy San Antonio
Brgy. San Antonio, Valley 1, Paranaque City
Contact Center Services
2017-Present
Junior High Education
Parañaque National High School - Main
Dr. A.Santos Ave., Parañaque City
2013-2017

SKILLS
• Knowledgeable in MS Word, MS Power Point and MS Excel
• Well-Informed in Computer Programming
• Flexible and can work under time pressure
• Eager to learn new things

PERSONAL INFORMATION
Date of Birth : January 02, 2001
Age : 18 years old
Religion : Iglesia Ni Cristo
Height : 4'9"
Weight : 40 kg
GISELLE B. BALIBER
004 Gumamela St., Clinic Ville Purok 3, Bf Homes,
Parañaque City
09773331608
[email protected]

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Senior High Education

Marymount Academy San Antonio
Brgy. San Antonio, Valley 1, Paranaque City
Contact Center Services
2017-Present
Junior High Education
Parañaque National High School
Brgy. San Dionisio, Parañaque City
2010-2017

SKILLS
 Knowledgeable in using MS Word, MS Power Point, and MS Excel
 Proficient Communicator in English
 Effective Listener, Patient, Optimistic, and Goal-oriented
 Responsible, Time Management, and Adaptable

PERSONAL INFORMATION
Date of Birth: November 17, 1996
Age: 22 years old
Religion: Roman Catholic
Height: 4’6”
Weight: 48 kg
MARIANNE D. CUALES
11B Area 1 Press Drive Fourth Estate Brgy. San Antonio
Parañaque City
09361619442
[email protected]

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Senior High Education

Marymount Academy San Antonio
Brgy. San Antonio, Valley 1, Paranaque City
Contact Center Services
2017-Present
Junior High Education
Masville National High School
Brgy. BF Homes Sucat, Parañaque City
2013-2017

SKILLS
 Knowledgeable in using MS Word, MS Power Point, and MS Excel
 Trustworthy, honest, hardworking, flexible, and generous
 Time Management and Computer Skills
 Ability to work as a team member

PERSONAL INFORMATION
Date of Birth: May 17, 2001
Age: 17 years old
Religion: Christian
Height: 5’3”
Weight: 40 kg
JAMBY M. JOSON
206 Aurinina Olivarez Compound Village San Dionisio
Parañaque City
09975174420
[email protected]

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Senior High Education

Marymount Academy San Antonio
Brgy. San Antonio, Valley 1, Paranaque City
Contact Center Services
2017-Present
Junior High Education
Parañaque National High School
Brgy. San Dionisio, Parañaque City
2010-2017

SKILLS
 Knowledgeable in using MS Word, MS Power Point, and MS Excel
 Proficient Communicator in English
 Effective Listener, Patient, Optimistic, and Goal-oriented
 Responsible, Time Management, and Adaptable

PERSONAL INFORMATION
Date of Birth: June 17, 2001
Age: 17 years old
Religion: Roman Catholic
Height: 5’4”
Weight: 60 kg
PETER JOSEPH C. OMBROG
055-D Purok 5 Silverio, Compound, Brgy. San Dionisio
Parañaque City
09480666930
[email protected]

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Senior High Education

Marymount Academy San Antonio
Brgy. San Antonio, Valley 1, Paranaque City
Contact Center Services
2017-Present
Junior High Education
Parañaque National High School
Brgy. San Dionisio, Parañaque City
2013-2017

SKILLS
 Knowledgeable in using MS Word, MS Power Point, and MS Excel
 Proficient Communicator in English language
 Adaptability skills
 Multi-tasking skill

PERSONAL INFORMATION
Date of Birth: November 06, 2000
Age: 18 years old
Religion: Roman Catholic
Height: 5’5”
Weight: 53 kg
 MARYMOUNT ACADEMY SAN ANTONIO
Your Trusted Partner in Developing Effective Communicators
And Successful Young Entrepreneurs
School Year 2018-2019

Survey Questionnaire

We, Grade 12 students of the school stated above are currently working on a

study titled “The Learning Styles in Developing English Communication Skills

Among Grade 12 Students of Amable Mendoza Aguiluz School Year: 2018-2019.” In

line with this, we are asking for your participation in answering our questionnaire. Be

confident that in any information you can contribute shall be used for academic purpose

only and shall be treated with confidentiality.

Thank you very much and God bless.

Signature of Respondent _________________

A SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE ON THE LEARNING STYLES IN

DEVELOPING ENGLISH COMMUNICATION SKILLS

AMONG GRADE 12 STUDENTS OF

AMABLE MENDOZA AGUILUZ

SCHOOL YEAR: 2018-2019

General Direction: Put a check inside the box that indicate you responses

Part One: Demographic Profile

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of the following variables:

Below are some information about you. Check the box that corresponds to your answer.

1.1 Age 16 y/o 17 y/o 18 y/o 19 y/o 20 and

above

1.2 Sex Male Female

Part Two: Learning Styles

Direction: To better understand how you prefer to learn and process information, place a

check in the appropriate space after each statement below.

SA A U D SD

5 - Strongly 4 - Agree 3 - Undecided 2 - Disagree 1 - Strongly

Agree
Disagree

2. What Learning style does a student prefer in acquiring and Developing English

Communication Skills in terms of the following variables:

I. Visual

Item SA A U D SD

1. When I want to learn English communication

skill, I tend to watch videos of grammar, see
visuals, and other ways that involves my sense of
sight
2. When I am having a hard time in learning English
communication skill, I read, and observe others
who are doing the same practice for me to easily
catch it up.
3. I learn English communication skill better when I
am seeing visuals with texts, power points,
reading deep words in dictionary
4. I am not easily get bored in learning English
communication skill when there are pictographs,
comic visuals, speech bubbles, and other
entertaining visual pictures and texts that are
presented.
5. I am an observant person.
 II. Aural

Item SA A U D SD

6. When I want to learn English communication

skill, I prefer to listen speeches, English music
and other ways that involves my sense of hearing.
7. When I am having a hard time in learning English
communication skill, I prefer to listen English
music more to light up my mood and continue on
listening translated track.
8. I learn English communication skill better when
hearing and listening to other that are speaking in
English.
9. I am not easily get bored in learning English
communication skill when I am listening to
interesting debates that uses English as the
medium of communication in expressing their
thoughts.
10. I am a good listener.

III. Verbal

Item SA A U D SD

11. When I want to learn English communication skill, I

tend to speak English language as a practice and
write different works to improve my grammar.
12. When I am having a hard time in learning English
communication skill, I try to write the part that I am
having a hard time and read it aloud for me to
generate idea.
13. I learn English communication Skill better when
speaking English language not only in classroom but
even in the corridor, canteen and library.
14. I am not easily get bored in learning English
communication skill when I am challenged to speak
hard words correctly as part of some Ice breakers and
spell it out loud.
15. I am a good speaker.
 IV. Social

Item SA A U D SD

16. When I want to learn English communication

skill, I let myself be with other people to gain
experiences in English communication skill.
17. When I am having a hard time in learning English
communication skill, I seek for advices and help
to other people that I know has the mastery
already.
18. I learn English communication skill better when I
am demonstrating and showing my skill to other
people.
19. I am not easily get bored in learning English
communication skill when there are circle of
people that I am belong with and sharing ones
skill in speaking English.
20. I am an extrovert person and I get more work
done when I work with others

V. Solitary

Item SA A U D SD

21. When I want to learn English communication

skill, I tend to isolate myself and practice on my
own to get focused and avoid distractions in
learning.
22. When I am having a hard time in learning English
communication skill, I try to recall all the things I
have already learned alone.
23. I learn English communication skill better when I
am analyzing the techniques of speaking,
grammar, intonation and accent on my own.
24. I am not easily get bored in learning English
communication skill when I am thinking of hard
words and search it on my own then memorizing
it alone.
25. I am an introvert person and I prefer to work by
myself
Data Coding Sheet

C
Age ode Sex Code

16 y/o 1
Male 1
17 y/o 2
Female 2
18 y/o 3

19 y/o 4

20 and above 5

Visual Learning Style

1. When I want to learn English communication skill, I tend to watch videos of
grammar, see visuals, and other ways that involves my sense of sight
2. When I am having a hard time in learning English communication skill, I read,
and observe others who are doing the same practice for me to easily catch it up.
3. I learn English communication skill better when I am seeing visuals with texts,
power points, reading deep words in dictionary
4. I am not easily get bored in learning English communication skill when there are
pictographs, comic visuals, speech bubbles, and other entertaining visual pictures
and texts that are presented.
5. I am an observant person.
Aural Learning Style
1. When I want to learn English communication skill, I prefer to listen speeches,
English music and other ways that involves my sense of hearing.
2. When I am having a hard time in learning English communication skill, I
prefer to listen English music more to light up my mood and continue on
listening translated track.
3. I learn English communication skill better when hearing and listening to other
that are speaking in English.
4. I am not easily get bored in learning English communication skill when I am
listening to interesting debates that uses English as the medium of
communication in expressing their thoughts.
5. I am a good listener.

Verbal Learning Style

1. When I want to learn English communication skill, I tend to speak English
language as a practice and write different works to improve my grammar.
2. When I am having a hard time in learning English communication skill, I try to
write the part that I am having a hard time and read it aloud for me to generate
idea.
3. I learn English communication Skill better when speaking English language not
only in classroom but even in the corridor, canteen and library.
4. I am not easily get bored in learning English communication skill when I am
challenged to speak hard words correctly as part of some Ice breakers and spell
it out loud.
5. I am a good speaker.

Social Learning Style

6. When I want to learn English communication skill, I let myself be with other
people to gain experiences in English communication skill.
7. When I am having a hard time in learning English communication skill, I seek for
advices and help to other people that I know has the mastery already.
8. I learn English communication skill better when I am demonstrating and showing
my skill to other people.
9. I am not easily get bored in learning English communication skill when there are
circle of people that I am belong with and sharing ones skill in speaking English.
10. I am an extrovert person and I get more work done when I work with others
Solitary Learning Style
1. When I want to learn English communication skill, I tend to isolate myself and
practice on my own to get focused and avoid distractions in learning.
2. When I am having a hard time in learning English communication skill, I try to
recall all the things I have already learned alone.
3. I learn English communication skill better when I am analyzing the techniques of
speaking, grammar, intonation and accent on my own.
4. I am not easily get bored in learning English communication skill when I am
thinking of hard words and search it on my own then memorizing it alone.
5. I am an introvert person and I prefer to work by myself