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30 views2 pages

Untitled Document - Edited

Uploaded by

shaira
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BACKGROUND

The success of dairy form depends on high reproductive performance. Dairy Industry success is
remarkably affected by reproductive orders, and reproductive disorder

is one of the main hindrances in the success and the main reason

of financial losses of the livestock industry in Pakistan. However, uterine infection in postpartum
animals every year lies in the range of 20 to 75 % in dairy buffaloes and 10 to 50% in dairy cattle
(Lewis, 1997; Usmani et al, 2001). Endometritis, metritis, pyometra, uterine abscess, and tumors
are the main uterine abnormalities in which endometritis is the most prominent cause which
affects the dairy industry under farm conditions (Agarwal and Tomer, 2003). The safest and ideal
treatment for uterine infection should maintain the normal defense mechanism of the uterus

by reducing bacteria as well as

minimize the adulteration chances of meat or milk for human consumption. Nowadays,
endometritis and uterine infections have been treated by antibiotics, sulphonamides antiseptics,
and hormones (Hussain and Dannial, 1991). However, there is a requirement for an alternative
approach to treating uterine infection by using natural substances to stimulate the natural
mechanism urgently. Several studies indicate the role of immune modulators for uterine
mechanism and treatment

of endometritis or metritis in cattle and buffaloes (Ubandrio and Nioakes, 1997; Methai, 1999;
Sing et al, 2000; Brindaban 2001; Kumar et al, 2004; deori, 2002; Sarkar 2004; Krishnan, 2011).

HYPOTHESIS

Intrauterine infusion of E.coli LPS and PGF 2 alpha will modulate uterine defense mechanism
and increase the first service conception rate in postpartum cows.

METHODOLOGY

The study will be conducted from October to December 2020involving a total of 60 crossbred
multiparous, healthy dairy cows (Friesian x jersey) having 40 ± five days in milk (DIM), Milk
yield of 35 Liters per day, and body condition score (BCS) of 2.523. According to NRC
requirements, all the animals will be fed on a balanced ration. Cows (n=60) will be randomly

allocated to three treatments (n=20 each) i.e, 1) PGF 2 a + LPS, 2) PGF 2 a alone and 3) LPS
alone, respectively. Initially, cows in groups one and two (n=20) will be administered PGF 2 an
(injection Prostenol 2ml, Selmorepharma Pvt. Ltd), while group three will be the same treated
saline

injection. Whiteside test, uterine cytology, and ultrasound examination of the uterus will be
performed after 72 Hrs of PGF 2 a or sham treatment to screen the presence or absence

of endometritis in cows. Group one and three


will be administered with

intrauterine infusion of LPS (100 micrograms E.COLI lipopolysaccharides; LPS in 30ml of


phosphate of buffer saline ) and GnRH (Injection BOSOL 2.5ml, selmore pharma Pak) while
group 2 will be administered a sham infusion along with GnRH after 72 Hrs of PGF 2 a
treatment. Seven days post-GnRH +LPS infusion or Sham infusion, cows will be treated PGF2a,
and uterine health will be assessed by ultrasound examination. All cows in each group will be
treated

with GnRH after 48 Hrs of PGF2a administration, and a white side test and cytology and
ultrasound examination of the uterus will be performed

prior to the fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI), i.e., 24 Hrs post-GnRH. Pregnancy
diagnosis (P test) will be made after 35 days of FTAI.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

The Data will be analyzed through one-way ANOVA Techniques by using SAS (SAS Institute
INC. 2002-03), and comparison among treatment means will be made through the least
significant difference (LSD) test.

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