Instructor: Limuel Arjay A. Esteban 1st Semester S.Y.

2021-2022
I. INTRODUCTION:

Hi! I hope you had fun learning from our last discussion about
Listening and Speaking. Today we will now focus on your Speaking
MODULE 3 Skill. To hone your skill, the following lessons and activities must be
completed:
1. Lesson on Speaking
2. Common Mistakes in Speaking
3. Speaking Exercises
So listen attentively because we are about to start.

This EEP Speaking Module assesses your communicative skills necessary for effective oral communication. All the activities in
this learning pack are designed to collect samples of your speaking performance. You will be assessed based on your ability to
express clearly and coherently your ideas, your grammatical structures, and your English pronunciation.

LESSON: Speaking
SCHEDULE: Weeks 3 and 4

Learning outcomes: At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
1. define speaking and its main purposes
2. identify ways to overcome language anxieties
3. discover common mistakes in speaking
4. perform speaking exercises through video presentation; and
5. reflect on the need to improve speaking skills by sharing personal assessment.

Learning Resources:
1. myulsclms.online
2. Unit Module
3. Laptop
4. Cellphone
5. Recorder Materials
6. Camera

Motivation:
Answer the question below:
Have you tried introducing yourself in front of a crowd? How was it?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________

Many are confident to speak in front of a large crowd. However, a large number of students like you experience anxieties
that hamper you to effectively express yourselves in English. Let’s deal with your anxieties and improve your speaking skills.
II. INTERACTION:

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Instructor: Limuel Arjay A. Esteban 1st Semester S.Y. 2021-2022

Discussion 1: Lesson on Speaking

Speaking is the action of conveying information or expressing one's thoughts and feelings in spoken language. Speaking has 3
Main Purposes: to inform, to persuade, and to entertain.

To Inform
It concerns helping audience obtain information that they do not have. Subsequently, audience can use this information
to comprehend or figure out something or to carry out a new task or advance their skills.

The goal is to gain knowledge which is the ultimate characteristics of informative topics.

To Persuade
Persuading means trying to hold the listeners, to embrace a standpoint, or to take up a behaviour that they would not
have done if not. It includes a call for action on the part of the audience to make some change in their behaviour or
thinking.

To Entertain
The concluding general-purpose that people have for speaking is to entertain. Entertainment speaking focuses on the
subject and event of the speech. An entertaining speech can be informative and persuasive at its origin.

Some people can dive straight into foreign language conversations with a
small vocabulary, lots of confidence, and enthusiastic hand gesturing.
However, for many of us, those conversations can be frightening. The good
news is – there is hope!

ESL, a global leader in study abroad programs, provides top tips on how to overcome your fear of speaking in a foreign language.

10 ways to Overcome Language Anxiety

Step 1: Understand your fear

Anxiety reduces your brain’s ability to get on with its normal tasks properly, such as processing language in real time.
With the added complexity of using a new vocabulary and grammar, you may feel your brain shutting down.

To relax, take a deep breath, gather your thoughts and remember that no one expects you to speak perfectly when it is
not your native language.

Step 2: Identify your problem areas

When you’re not used to speaking in a foreign language, your brain needs time to process incoming words, translate
them, think of a response and translate these. Rather than trying to formulate an answer in your head while the other
person is still talking, clear your mind and truly listen to what they’re saying. Then take a moment to gather your thoughts
and answer – when in doubt, put all your effort into listening.

Step 3: Practice your listening

Working on your listening ability by listening to the radio or watching TV in your target language will help your speaking
skill. You can improve your vocabulary and pronunciation through listening alone, but it is not a substitute for real
conversation.
Step 4: Let go of the need for perfection

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Instructor: Limuel Arjay A. Esteban 1st Semester S.Y. 2021-2022
You will never speak a language fluently without speaking a broken version of it first! The sooner you start talking, the
sooner you will reach a conversational level. It may be frustrating to feel like you’re making mistakes, but this will
ultimately be outweighed by the reward of using the language long-term. So embrace your mistakes.

Step 5: Smile
You’ll get a much better response if you approach the conversation with a smile. After all, most native speakers are
delighted when a foreigner makes effort to speak their language, especially if they can see that it’s difficult for him! So
start every conversation with a friendly hello and a smile.

Step 6: Seek out one-on-one conversations

One-on-one conversations are easier. Private lessons are ways to ensure you get this experience, while also benefiting
from input from an expert.

Step 7: Control the speed of the conversation

If you speak slowly and clearly, this could encourage your conversation partner to match your speaking rhythm. If the
person you’re speaking to doesn’t get the hint, it never hurts to ask them politely to speak a bit slower – you’re still
learning after all.

Step 8: Don’t be discouraged when a conversation doesn’t go well

Some people you speak to will be more patient than others, some are more understanding, and some are simply better
at understanding foreign accents. When you encounter someone who’s impatient or rude to you while you’re trying to
speak their language, don’t be discouraged.

Step 9: Practice basic, everyday conversations

If you’re lacking confidence in the language you’re learning, these conversations should be your first step. These
conversations will help boost your confidence so you can move onto broader topics.

Step 10: Visit places where the language is spoken as often as you can
It goes without saying, but living and studying abroad in full immersion is hands-down the best way to increase your
fluency and reduce your fear of speaking in a foreign language.

Let’s overcome your language fear by doing speaking exercises. A typical Speaking T est is an interview that lasts between 11 to
14 minutes. It has three parts and divided as follows:

PART MINUTE WHAT WILL YOU NEED TO TALK ABOUT?

You will introduce yourself. Also you will talk about familiar
1 4-5 minutes
topics. (e.g. hobbies, daily routine, likes and dislikes)
You will be given a topic with sub questions. You need to
2 3-4 minutes
talk about the topic for 1-2 minutes.
You will be asked more detailed and more abstract
3 4-5 minutes
questions related to your topic in part 2.

In this module, we will alter a bit our Speaking Test procedure as it is impossible for now to do face -to-face sessions. To
demonstrate your Speaking Skills, you need to submit your videos about general topics. All your speaking performance will be
assessed based on 3 criteria: pronunciation, fluency and coherence, and grammar.

Pronunciation
 You do not need to speak English like a native speaker. You will not be marked on your accent.
 You should speak clearly and pronounce all the words correctly.
 You should put the stress in word properly.

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Instructor: Limuel Arjay A. Esteban 1st Semester S.Y. 2021-2022
Fluency and Coherence
 You just need to sound natural; you shouldn’t sound mechanical.
 You should expand your answers.
 You establish connection of your ideas by using linking words and phrases.

Grammatical Range and Accuracy

 You should use grammatical structures correctly.
 You should use a variety of sentence structures.
 You should use words properly.

Discussion 2: Common Mistakes in Speaking

Here are some of the common mistakes of test takers in Speaking.

MISTAKE CAUSE SOLUTION

- talking too fast
- relax
- too excited
- take deep breaths
- too nervous
- audibility issue
- open your mouth wider while talking but do not
- mouth is not opened wide enough
overdo it
- uncertain response with response or
- practice answering questions
answer
PRONUNCIATION - use a variety of intonation, pitch, volume, and
- flat intonation speaking speed
- not expressing emotions when talking - pretend you are interested in the question
- change your facial expressions
- attend pronunciation lectures
- regional accent
- pay attention to the lip or mouth movement of
- mispronunciation was not corrected
those who pronounce the words properly
early on
- practice pronouncing word
- practice speaking to someone in English
- stuttering - practice speaking in English in front of a mirror
- prepare through constant drills and exercises
FLUENCY
- limited vocabulary - read more; watch more
and
- does not understand the question - practice answering questions
COHERENCE
- unfamiliar with the topic - make an attempt to deliver a related response
- fillers are acceptable as long as you do not
- too much fillers
overdo
- review subject-verb agreement
- subject-verb agreement
- practice applying
- review pronoun
GRAMMAR - inappropriate pronoun
- read samples
- review different prepositions
- wrong use of prepositions
- practice writing and speaking
- avoid complex or highfalutin words
- misuse of words - look and think for simple synonym or words
VOCABULARY that you frequently use
- expand your vocabulary
- repeated used of specific words - if you cannot think of synonym, replace the
word with a phrase that describes it

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Instructor: Limuel Arjay A. Esteban 1st Semester S.Y. 2021-2022
- like in writing, substitute transitional devices
-overuse of transition signals you use in writing with more common words
VOCABULARY to sound natural
- overuse of adverbs - look for synonyms that require modifiers
- try to describe the object or topic if you do not
- murmuring in Filipino
know the word for it
- long pauses, keeping quiet - speak
- hesitation - commit to yourself and do not make mistakes
- focusing too much on grammar and obvious
vocabulary - think quickly before you talk
- distracted
- daydreaming - focus on the task at hand
- thinking about consequences of test - focus on the exam
results
OTHER
MISTAKES - thinking of better or appropriate words - make use of available words
- do not limit your answer to the bullet point or
guide questions
- provide a lengthy answer like your opinion
about the topic
- talk about the past, present, and future of the
- no structure
topic
- tell a personal story or experience related to
the topic
- discuss problems caused by the topic and its
solutions

Discussion 3: Speaking Exercises

Speaking can be an intimidating experience, even in your native tongue, let alone when learning a new language. The best way
to learn how to speak, though, is by practicing, so put your inhibitions aside and strike up a conversation whenever you are given
an opportunity to do so.

An article entitled Four Macro Skills of Communication suggests that when speaking, be aware of your pace and try not to mumble;
speak clearly. Consider being expressive when you talk; avoid a monotonous tone. Expression adds interest and depth to what
you are saying and it will keep your listener interested.

Here is a Youtube video link you could watch in order for you to have an idea how Speaking exam is done:
https://youtu.be/p1hfYwIyXTk. The speaker provided a concrete example about a job she would like to do. The latter part of the
video provided tips on how to improve your overall presentation in speaking exam and that includes your sentence structures a nd
vocabulary. Do watch it and learn from it.

Below are some topics used in actual Speaking Tests. Read through and understand each topic. Start brainstormingandpracticing
for your Speaking exam.

Talk about your education What was your favorite subject as a child?
Describe your education. Who was your favorite teacher?
What kind of school did you go to as a child? Talk about your studies
Did you go to a co-educational school? What are you studying now?

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Instructor: Limuel Arjay A. Esteban 1st Semester S.Y. 2021-2022
What is your area of specialization? What do you usually do on Internet?
Why choose your course over other programs? What are some advantages of the Internet?
Where do you see your course taking you 4-5 years What are some disadvantages?
from now? Do people in your country use the Internet a lot?

Talk about your daily routine Talk about games

What do you usually do? Do you enjoy playing games?
What do you do on the weekend? What kind of games do you play?
What is your typical weekday like? What kind of games was popular in your country?
Does your life change much from week to week? Do you think adults should play games?
Do you have any free time during the week? What do children learn from playing games?

Talk about a place where you like to go Talk about films

Why is this place special to you? Do you enjoy watching films?
When did you first visit this place? What is your favorite film?
Where is this place located? What was the story all about?
What language is spoken there? Do you speak the Who are your favorite actors?
language? How often do you watch films?

Talk about travel Talk about shopping

Do you like to travel? Do you enjoy shopping?
What kind of places have you visited in your life? How do you shop?
Which place would you really like to visit? Do you like shopping on the Internet?
What’s the best place you’ve been ever visited? Do you have any favorite stores?
What don’t you like about shopping?
Talk about tourism What is the most popular place to shop in your
Which places would you recommend to a visitor to hometown?
your country?
What are some famous landmarks in your country? Talk about sports
Do a lot of tourists visit your country? Do you like sports?
How has tourism changed your country? Do you enjoy watching sports?
Is your country expensive for most tourists? Do you enjoy participating in any sports?
What is your favorite sport?
Talk about hobbies What equipment do you need for your favorite
Do you have hobbies? sport?
What are some of your hobbies?
When did you first develop your hobby? Talk about friendship
What are some of the advantages of having a Describe a friend.
hobby? How long have you known each other?
How much time do you spend on your hobby? What do you usually do together?
What do you like the most about him/her?
Talk about computers How often do you see each other?
Do you think computers help society?
Do you think computers are bad for health? Talk about wedding
How do you think computers have changed the Have you ever been to a wedding?
world? Whose wedding was it?
Talk about Internet Where was it held?
Do you use the Internet much during the day? What clothes do people wear?

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Instructor: Limuel Arjay A. Esteban 1st Semester S.Y. 2021-2022
What kind of clothes did the bride and groom wear?
What sort of gifts do people buy for the couple? Talk about music
Do you like music?
Talk about food What kind of music do you like?
What are some of your favorite food? When do you usually listen to music?
What foods are popular in your country? What kind of music do you like when you were
What are some of the famous dishes of your younger?
country? What kind of music if popular in your country?
Do you enjoy cooking?
Talk about clothes
Talk about festival What type of clothes do you like to wear?
What’s the most important festival in your country? What kind of clothes do you dislike?
How do people celebrate this festival? How important is fashion to you?
What special food is associated with this festival? Are clothes expensive in your country?
What do you enjoy most about this festival?
Talk about an object
Talk about color Describe an object you particularly like.
Do you have a favorite color? What is the object that you like?
What are your country’s color? What it looks like?
Do you think color affect our moods? What it is made of?
Can you learn anything about a person from the What it is for?
color he / she likes? Why it is special for you?

III. INTEGRATION:

Module 3 Activity 1 & Activity 2: Speaking Exercises

Let’s apply what you have learned in our lesson about Speaking. Choose 2 topics from the list of speaking tasks. Make a 1-2
minute video of each topic you picked. Make sure you cover all the sub-questions.

Save your 1-2-minute videos in a Google Drive

Folder. Please submit your Google Drive
Folder Link in CLMS. Deadline of submission
is on October 6, 2021 at 6:00 PM.

When submitting, ensure you name your video

files. Example: SPEAKING EXERCISE 1 (for
your fist video) and SPEAKING EXERCISE 2
(for your second video) Kindly refer to the
example.

Module 3 Activity 3: I Am Beautiful / Handsome Video

One of the purposes of communication is to inform. Let the world know how beautiful or handsome you are. Make a video
answering the question: Why am I beautiful / handsome? Limit your video to 1-2 minutes only.

Together with your videos for Activity 1 & Activity 2, please save your I-am-Beautiful / Handsome 1-2-minute video in a Google
Drive Folder and send the link thru CLMS. Deadline of submission is on October 6, 2021 at 6:00 PM.

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Instructor: Limuel Arjay A. Esteban 1st Semester S.Y. 2021-2022

When submitting, ensure you name your video file with I AM BEAUTIFUL / HANDSOME VIDEO. Please refer to the image on
the right side as an example.

Also, make sure you provide me access to your Google Drive Folder so that I could check your videos.

Rubric for Speaking Videos:

Be guided by the following criteria in making all your short video talk.

POINTS
CRITERIA VGE GE SE LE N
(5pts) (4pts) (3pts) (2pts) (1pts)
▪ pronounce words properly without hesitation
Pronunciation
▪ easy to understand
▪ speaks fluently
Fluency and Coherence
▪ speaks coherently (flow of ideas)
▪ majority of the sentences are error-free
Grammatical Range and Accuracy
▪ good control of grammar

Legend: VGE- To a very great extent; GE- To a great extent; SE- To some extent; LE- To a little extent; and N- Not at all

Reflections: Answer all the questions below. Download and use the answer sheet provided in writing all your answers. Once
finished, save it as a PDF file and submit it in CLMS. (15 points each)

What makes you afraid to speak?

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

How can you improve you speaking skills?

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Rubric for Reflections:

Be guided by the following criteria in writing all your answers.

POINTS
CRITERIA VGE GE SE LE N
(5pts) (4pts) (3pts) (2pts) (1pts)
▪ fully satisfies the requirement of the task
Task Achievement
▪ presents answers clearly and appropriately
▪ organizes ideas logically
Coherence and Cohesion
▪ manages sentences properly
▪ majority of the sentences are error-free
Grammatical Range and Accuracy
▪ good control of grammar

Legend: VGE- To a very great extent; GE- To a great extent; SE- To some extent; LE- To a little extent; and N- Not at all

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Instructor: Limuel Arjay A. Esteban 1st Semester S.Y. 2021-2022

Summary:
In this module, you learned that speaking has 3 main goals – to inform, to persuade, and to entertain. In addition, you learned
about some tips on how to deal with your language anxiety in terms of speaking. The middle part of discussion highlighted som e
common mistakes in Speaking Tests. Finally, a list of speaking tasks was provided in which you are expected to answer through
short video clips.

References:

Barrot, J. and Sipacio, P (2018) Purposive Communication in the 21 st Century. Philippines: C & E Publishing, Inc.
Cullen, P., et al, (2012) The Official Cambridge Guide to IELTS for Academic & General Training.
United Kingdom: Cambridge Exams Publishing, Cambridge University Press
Jakeman, V., McDowell, C., (1996) Cambridge Practice Test for IELTS 1: United Kingdom: Cambridge
University Press
Kaplan (2009) IELTS: International English Language Testing System. 2009-2010 edition. New York:
Kaplan Press
Official IELTS Practice Materials 1 (2009) United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press
Official IELTS Practice Materials 2 (2009) United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press
Syjueco, M. (2013) Oral Communication in Context. Philippines: Diwa Learning System, Inc.
9.0 Niner - IELTS Review and Tutorial: Orange Book

Websites:

10 Ways to Overcome Language Anxiety. Retrieved from

https://blog.esl-languages.com/blog/learn-languages/afraid-fear-speaking-foreign-language/
Four Macro Skills of Communication. Retrieved from
https://www.theclassroom.com/four-macro-skills-communication-8313176.html

IELTS Speaking Band 9 Sample answer + Vocabulary. Retrieved from

https://youtu.be/p1hfYwIyXTk

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