Latest Pilot Jobs - List AtplQuestionBankQuiz

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Q.1

Prior to departure the medium range twin jet aeroplane is loaded with maximum fuel of 20100 litres at a
fuel density (specific gravity) of 0.78. Using the following data - Performance limited take-off mass 67200
kg Performance limited landing mass 54200 kg Dry Operating Mass 34930 kg Taxi fuel 250 kg Trip fuel
9250 kg Contingency and holding fuel 850 kg Alternate fuel 700 kg The maximum permissible traffic load
is

16470 kg

18040 kg

12840 kg

13090 kg.

Correct Answer: D

Q.2

The responsibility for determination of the mass of 'operating items' and 'crew members' included within
the Dry Operating Mass lies with

the commander.

the authority of the state of registration.

the person compiling the weighing schedule.

the operator.

Correct Answer: D

Q.3

The stalling speed of an aeroplane will be highest when it is loaded with a:

low gross mass and forward centre of gravity.

low gross mass and aft centre of gravity.

high gross mass and aft centre of gravity.

high gross mass and forward centre of gravity.

Correct Answer: D

Q.4

During a violent avoidance manoeuvre, a light twin aircraft, certified to FAR 23 requirements was
subjected to an instantaneous load factor of 4.2. The Flight Manual specifies that the aircraft is certified in
the normal category for a load factor of -1.9 to +3.8. Considering the certification requirements and taking
into account that the manufacturer of the twin did not include, during its conception, a supplementary
margin in the flight envelope, it might be possible to observe;

a permanent deformation of the structure 1/53

 a permanent deformation of the structure

a elastic deformation whilst the load was applied, but no permanent distortion

no distortion, permanent or temporary of the structure

rupture of one or more structural components

Correct Answer: A

Q.5

The actual 'Zero Fuel Mass' is equal to the:

Basic Empty Mass plus the fuel loaded.

Actual Landing Mass plus trip fuel.

Dry Operating Mass plus the traffic load.

Operating Mass plus all the traffic load.

Correct Answer: C

Q.6

From the loading manual for the jet transport aeroplane, the maximum floor loading intensity for the aft
cargo compartment is :

68 kg per square metre.

68 kg per square foot.

150 kg per square foot.

68 Lbs per square foot.

Correct Answer: B

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Q.7

The empty mass of an aeroplane is recorded in

the weighing schedule and is amended to take account of changes due to modifications of the aeroplane.

the weighing schedule. If changes occur, due to modifications, the aeroplane must be re-weighed always.

the loading manifest. It differs from Dry Operating Mass by the value of the 'useful load'.

the loading manifest. It differs from the zero fuel mass by the value of the 'traffic load'.

Correct Answer: A

Q.8

The actual 'Take-off Mass' is equivalent to:

Actual Zero Fuel Mass plus the traffic load 2/53

 Actual Zero Fuel Mass plus the traffic load

Dry Operating Mass plus the take-off fuel

Actual Landing Mass plus the take-off fuel

Dry Operating Mass plus take-off fuel and the traffic load

Correct Answer: D

Q.9

Given that the total mass of an aeroplane is 112 000 kg with a centre of gravity position at 22.62m aft of
the datum. The centre of gravity limits are between 18m and 22m. How much mass must be removed
from the rear hold (30 m aft of the datum) to move the centre of gravity to the middle of the limits:

8 680 kg

43 120 kg

29 344 kg

16 529 kg

Correct Answer: C

Q.10

Which of the following is unlikely to have any effect on the position of the centre of gravity on an aeroplane
in flight ?

Lowering the landing gear.

Movement of cabin attendants going about their normal duties.

Normal consumption of fuel for a swept wing aeroplane.

Changing the tailplane (horizontal stabiliser) incidence angle.

Correct Answer: D

Q.11

The distance from the datum to the Centre of Gravity of a mass is known as

the lever.

the moment.

the index.

the moment arm or balance arm.

Correct Answer: D

Q.12

Referring to the loading manual for the transport aeroplane, the maximum load intensity for the lower
forward cargo compartment is:

7288 kg in forward compartment and 9232 kg in aft compartment. 3/53

 7288 kg in forward compartment and 9232 kg in aft compartment.

68 kg per square foot.

3305 kg in forward compartment and 4187 kg in aft compartment.

150 kg per square foot.

Correct Answer: B

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Q.13

At a mass of 1 800 kg, a helicopter equipped with a winch has a lateral CG-position of 5 cm to the left.
The CG of the load suspended from the winch is at a distance of 60 cm to the right. With a winch load of
200 kg the lateral CG-position of the helicopter will be:

10,5 cm to the right

1.5 cm to the right

1.5 cm to the left

10.5 cm to the right

Correct Answer: B

Q.14

Length of the mean aerodynamic chord = 1 m Moment arm of the forward cargo: -0,50 m Moment arm of
the aft cargo: + 2,50 m The aircraft mass is 2 200 kg and its centre of gravity is at 25% MAC To move the
centre of gravity to 40%, which mass has to be transferred from the forward to the aft cargo hold?

183 kg

165 kg

104 kg

110 kg

Correct Answer: D

Q.15

To calculate a usable take-off mass, the factors to be taken into account include:

Maximum zero fuel mass augmented by the fuel burn.

Maximum take-off mass decreased by the fuel burn.

Maximum landing mass augmented by the fuel burn.

Maximum landing mass augmented by fuel on board at takeoff.

Correct Answer: C

Q.16

From the Loading Manual for the transport aeroplane, the maximum load that can be carried in that 4/53
 From the Loading Manual for the transport aeroplane, the maximum load that can be carried in that
section of the aft cargo compartment which has a balance arm centroid at :

835.5 inches is 3062 kg.

835.5 inches is 6752 kg.

421.5 inches is 4541 kg.

421.5 inches is 2059 Lbs.

Correct Answer: A

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Q.17

For the purpose of completing the Mass and Balance documentation, the Operating Mass is considered to
be Dry Operating Mass plus

Ramp Fuel Mass.

Trip Fuel Mass.

Ramp Fuel Mass less the fuel for APU and run-up.

Take-off Fuel Mass.

Correct Answer: D

Q.18

For the purpose of completing the Mass and Balance documentation, the Dry Operating Mass is defined
as:

The total mass of the aeroplane ready for a specific type of operation excluding all usable fuel and traffic
load.

The total mass of the aeroplane ready for a specific type of operation excluding all usable fuel.

The total mass of the aeroplane ready for a specific type of operation excluding all traffic load.

The total mass of the aeroplane ready for a specific type of operation excluding crew and crew baggage.

Correct Answer: A

Q.19

An additional baggage container is loaded into the aft cargo compartment but is not entered into the load
and trim sheet. The aeroplane will be heavier than expected and calculated take-off safety speeds

will give reduced safety margins.

will not be achieved.

will be greater than required.

are unaffected but V1 will be increased.

Correct Answer: A

5/53
Q.20

Determine the Landing Mass for the following single engine aeroplane. Given: Standard Empty Mass
:1764 lbs Optional Equipment : 35 lbs Pilot + Front seat passenger : 300 lbs Cargo Mass : 350 lbs Ramp
Fuel = Block Fuel : 60 Gal. Trip Fuel : 35 Gal. Fuel density: 6 lbs/Gal.

2659 lbs

2449 lbs

2589 lbs

2799 lbs

Correct Answer: C

Q.21

Given the following : - Maximum structural take-off mass 48 000 kg - Maximum structural landing mass: 44
000 kg - Maximum zero fuel mass: 36 000 kg -Taxi fuel: 600 kg -Contingency fuel: 900 kg -Alternate fuel:
800 kg -Final reserve fuel: 1 100 kg -Trip fuel: 9 000 kg Determine the actual take-off mass:

47 800 kg

48 000 kg

48 400 kg

53 000 kg

Correct Answer: A

Q.22

An aeroplane is weighed prior to entry into service. Who is responsible for deriving the Dry Operational
Mass from the weighed mass by the addition of the 'operational items' ?

The aeroplane manufacturer or supplier.

The commander of the aeroplane.

The Operator.

The appropriate Aviation Authority.

Correct Answer: C

Q.23

If an aeroplane is at a higher mass than anticipated, for a given airspeed the angle of attack will

remain constant, drag will decrease and endurance will decrease.

remain constant, drag will increase and endurance will increase.

be greater, drag will increase and endurance will decrease.

be decreased, drag will decrease and endurance will increase.

Correct Answer: C

6/53
Q.24

With respect to multi-engine piston powered aeroplane, determine the ramp mass (lbs) in the following
conditions: Basic empty mass: 3 210 lbs Basic arm: 88.5 Inches One pilot: 160 lbs Front seat passenger :
200 lbs Centre seat passengers: 290 lbs One passenger rear seat: 110 lbs Baggage in zone 1: 100 lbs
Baggage in zone 4: 50 lbs Block fuel: 100 US Gal. Trip fuel: 55 US Gal. Fuel for start up and taxi (included
in block fuel): 3 US Gal. Fuel density: 6 lbs/US Gal.

4 372

4 720

4 120

4 390

Correct Answer: B

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Q.25

In calculations with respect to the position of the centre of gravity a reference is made to a datum. The
datum is

an arbitrary reference chosen by the pilot which can be located anywhere on the aeroplane.

calculated from the data derived from the weighing procedure carried out on the aeroplane after any
major modification.

a reference plane which is chosen by the aeroplane manufacturer. Its position is given in the aeroplane
Flight or Loading Manual.

calculated from the loading manifest.

Correct Answer: C

Q.26

The crew of a transport aeroplane prepares a flight using the following data: - Dry operating mass: 90 000
kg - Block fuel: 30 000 kg - Taxi fuel: 800 kg - Maximum take-off mass: 145 000 kg The traffic load
available for this flight is:

55 000 kg

55 800 kg

25 800 kg

25 000 kg

Correct Answer: C

Q.27

The Basic Mass of a helicopter is the mass of the helicopter without crew, :

without payload, with specific equipment for the mission, without the unusable fuel. 7/53
 without payload, with specific equipment for the mission, without the unusable fuel.

without specific equipment for the mission, without payload, wthout unusable fuel.

without specific equipments for the mission, without payload, with fuel on board.

without specific equipment for the mission, without payload, with the unusable fuel and standard
equipment.

Correct Answer: D

Q.28

With the centre of gravity on the forward limit which of the following is to be expected?

A decrease in the landing speed.

A decrease of the stalling speed.

A tendency to yaw to the right on take-off.

A decrease in range.

Correct Answer: D

Q.29

An aeroplane is weighed and the following recordings are made: nose wheel assembly scale 5330 kg left
main wheel assembly scale 12370 kg right main wheel assembly scale 12480 kg If the 'operational items'
amount to a mass of 1780 kg with a crew mass of 545 kg, the empty mass, as entered in the weight
schedule, is

32505 kg

30180 kg

28400 kg

31960 kg

Correct Answer: B

Q.30

The Dry Operating Mass of an aircraft is 2 000 kg. The maximum take-off mass, landing and zero fuel
mass are identical at 3500 kg. The block fuel mass is 550kg, and the taxi fuel mass is 50 kg. The available
mass of payload is:

1 000 kg

950 kg

1 500 kg

1 450 kg

Correct Answer: A

Q.31

If the centre of gravity is near the forward limit the aeroplane will: 8/53
 If the centre of gravity is near the forward limit the aeroplane will:

require elevator trim which will result in an increase in fuel consumption.

benefit from reduced drag due to the decrease in angle of attack.

require less power for a given airspeed.

tend to over rotate during take-off.

Correct Answer: A

Q.32

The total mass of an aeroplane is 145000 kg and the centre of gravity limits are between 4.7 m and 6.9 m
aft of the datum. The loaded centre of gravity position is 4.4 m aft. How much mass must be transferred
from the front to the rear hold in order to bring the out of limit centre of gravity position to the foremost
limit:

35 000 kg

62 500 kg

7 500 kg

3 500 kg

Correct Answer: C

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Q.33

The maximum quantity of fuel that can be loaded into an aeroplane's tanks is given as 3800 US Gallons. If
the fuel density (specific gravity) is given as 0.79 the mass of fuel which may be loaded is

13647 kg.

11364 kg.

14383 kg.

18206 kg.

Correct Answer: B

Q.34

Without the man on the winch, the mass and the lateral CG-position of the aircraft are 6 000 kg and 0,04
m to the right. - the mass of the man on the winch is 100 kg With the man on the winch , the lateral CG-
position of the aircraft will be:

0,016m to the left

beyond the limits

0,0633m to the right

0,062m to the right

Correct Answer: D 9/53

 Correct Answer: D

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Q.35

An aeroplane may be weighed

in an area of the airfield set aside for maintenance.

at a specified 'weighing location' on the airfield.

in an enclosed, non-air conditioned, hangar.

in a quiet parking area clear of the normal manoeuvring area.

Correct Answer: C

Q.36

An aeroplane must be re-weighed at certain intervals. Where an operator uses 'fleet masses' and
provided that changes have been correctly documented, this interval is

whenever a major modification is carried out.

9 years for each aeroplane.

4 years for each aeroplane.

whenever the Certificate of Airworthiness is renewed.

Correct Answer: B

Q.37

After weighing a helicopter the following values are noted: forward point: 350 kg aft right point: 995 kg aft
left point: 1 205 kg What is the longitudinal CG-position in relation to the datum situated 4 m in front of the
rotor axis, knowing that the forward point is at 2.5 m forward of the rotor axis and the aft points are 1 m aft
of the rotor axis?

4.52 m

4.09 m

4.21 m

4.15 m

Correct Answer: A

Q.38

The term 'useful load' as applied to an aeroplane includes

the revenue-earning portion of traffic load only.

the revenue-earning portion of traffic load plus useable fuel.

traffic load plus useable fuel.

traffic load only.

10/53
 Correct Answer: C

Q.39

Given: Dry operating mass = 38 000 kg maximum structural take-off mass = 72 000 kg maximum landing
mass = 65 000 kg maximum zero fuel mass = 61 000 kg Fuel burn = 8 000 kg Take-off Fuel = 10 300 kg
The maximum allowed take-off mass and payload are respectively :

73 000 kg and 27 000 kg

71 300 kg and 23 000 kg

71 300 kg and 25 300 kg

73 000 kg and 24 700 kg

Correct Answer: B

Q.40

While making mass and balance calculation for a particular aeroplane, the term 'Empty Mass' applies to
the sum of airframe, engine(s), fixed ballast plus

all the oil, fuel, and hydraulic fluid but not including crew and traffic load.

all the consumable fuel and oil, but not including any radio or navigation equipment installed by
manufacturer.

all the oil and fuel.

unusable fuel and full operating fluids.

Correct Answer: D

Q.41

What determines the longitudinal stability of an aeroplane ?

The location of the centre of gravity with respect to the neutral point.

The effectiveness of the horizontal stabilizer, rudder and rudder trim tab.

The relationship of thrust and lift to weight and drag.

The dihedral, angle of sweepback and the keel effect.

Correct Answer: A

Q.42

Which of the following statements is correct?

If the actual centre of gravity is close to the forward limit of the centre of gravity the aeroplane may be 11/53
 If the actual centre of gravity is close to the forward limit of the centre of gravity the aeroplane may be
unstable, making it necessary to increase elevator forces

The lowest stalling speed is obtained if the actual centre of gravity is located in the middle between the aft
and forward limit of centre of gravity

A tail heavy aeroplane is less stable and stalls at a lower speed than a nose heavy aeroplane

If the actual centre of gravity is located behind the aft limit of centre of gravity it is possible that the
aeroplane will be unstable, making it necessary to increase elevator forces

Correct Answer: C

Q.43

The aeroplane has a Take Off Mass of 58 000 kg. At this mass the range of safe CG positions, as
determined from the appropriate graph in the loading manual, is:

Forward limit 8.0% MAC aft limit 26.5% MAC

Forward limit 8.2% MAC aft limit 26.2% MAC

Forward limit 9.5% MAC aft limit 26.1% MAC

Forward limit 8.5% MAC aft limit 26.1% MAC

Correct Answer: A

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Q.44

Which is true of the aeroplane empty mass?

It is a component of dry operating mass.

It is dry operating mass minus fuel load.

It is dry operating mass minus traffic load.

It is the actual take-off mass, less traffic load.

Correct Answer: A

Q.45

The following data is extracted from an aeroplane's loading manifest: Performance limited take-off mass
93500 kg Expected landing mass at destination 81700 kg Maximum certificated landing mass 86300 kg
Fuel on board 16500 kg During the flight a diversion is made to an en-route alternate which is not
'performance limited' for landing. Fuel remaining at landing is 10300 kg. The landing mass

is 87300 kg and excess structural stress could result

is 83200 kg which is in excess of the regulated landing mass and could result in overrunning the runway

must be reduced to 81700 kg in order to avoid a high speed approach.

is 87300 kg which is acceptable in this case because this is a diversion and not a normal scheduled
landing.

Correct Answer: A 12/53

 Correct Answer: A

Q.46

The mass displacement caused by landing gear extension:

creates a pitch-up longitudinal moment

does not create a longitudinal moment

creates a pitch-down longitudinal moment

creates a longitudinal moment in the direction (pitch-up or pitch-down) determined by the type of landing
gear

Correct Answer: D

Q.47

During take-off you notice that, for a given elevator input, the aeroplane rotates much more rapidly than
expected. This is an indication that :

the centre of pressure is aft of the centre of gravity.

the centre of gravity may be towards the aft limit.

the aeroplane is overloaded.

the centre of gravity is too far forward.

Correct Answer: B

Q.48

An aeroplane is to depart from an airfield at a take-off mass of 302550 kg. Fuel on board at take-off
(including contingency and alternate of 19450 kg) is 121450 kg. The Dry Operating Mass is 161450 kg.
The useful load will be

19650 kg

121450 kg

39105 kg

141100 kg

Correct Answer: D

Q.49

Conversion of fuel volume to mass

may be done by using standard fuel density values as specified in JAR - OPS 1. 13/53
 may be done by using standard fuel density values as specified in JAR - OPS 1.

must be done by using actual measured fuel density values.

must be done using fuel density values of 0.79 for JP 1 and 0.76 for JP 4 as specified in JAR - OPS, IEM -
OPS 1.605E.

may be done by using standard fuel density values as specified in the Operations Manual, if the actual
fuel density is not known.

Correct Answer: D

Q.50

The maximum taxi (ramp) mass is governed by :

tyre speed and temperature limitations.

bearing strength of the taxiway pavement.

taxi distance to take - off point.

structural considerations.

Correct Answer: D

Q.51

Given: Total mass: 7500 kg Centre of gravity (cg) location station: 80.5 Aft cg limit station: 79.5 How
much cargo must be shifted from the aft cargo compartment at station 150 to the forward cargo
compartment at station 30 in order to move the cg location to the aft limit?

65.8 kg.

68.9 kg.

73.5 kg.

62.5 kg.

Correct Answer: D

Q.52

The following results were obtained after weighing a helicopter : - mass at front point: 300 kg - mass at
right rear point : 1 100 kg - mass at left rear point : 950 kg It is given that the front point is located 0.30 m
left of the longitudinal axis and the rear points are symmetricaly located 1.20 m from this axis. The
helicopter's lateral CG-position relative to the longitudinal axis is:

4 cm left

11 cm right

11 cm left

4 cm right

Correct Answer: D

Q.53

14/53
 Given the following information, calculate the loaded centre of gravity (cg).
_________________________________________________ __________________ STATION MASS
(kg) ARM (cm) MOMENT (kgcm) _________________________________________________
__________________ Basic Empty Condition 12045 +30 +361350 Crew 145 -160 - 23200 Freight 1
5455 +200 +1091000 Freight 2 410 -40 - 16400 Fuel 6045 -8 - 48360 Oil 124 +40 +4960 Given that the
flight time is 2 hours and the estimated fuel flow will be 1050 litres per hour and the average oil
consumption will be 2.25 litres per hour. The specific density of fuel is 0.79 and the specific density of oil is
0.96. Calculate the landing centre of gravity

56.53 cm aft datum.

56.35 cm aft datum.

60.16 cm aft datum.

53.35 cm aft datum.

Correct Answer: A

Q.54

An aeroplane is said to be 'neutrally stable'. This is likely to:

be caused by a centre of gravity which is towards the rearward limit.

be caused by a centre of gravity which is towards the forward limit.

be totally unrelated to the position of the centre of gravity.

cause the centre of gravity to move forwards.

Correct Answer: A

Q.55

At maximum certificated take-off mass an aeroplane departs from an airfield which is not limiting for either
take-off or landing masses. During initial climb the number one engine suffers a contained disintegration.
An emergency is declared and the aeroplane returns to departure airfield for an immediate landing. The
most likely result of this action will be

a high threshold speed and a shorter stop distance.

a landing further along the runway than normal.

a landing short resultant from the increased angle of approach due to the very high aeroplane mass.

a high threshold speed and possible undercarriage or other structural failure.

Correct Answer: D

Q.56

Assuming gross mass, altitude and airspeed remain unchanged, movement of the centre of gravity from
the forward to the aft limit will cause

higher stall speed. 15/53

 higher stall speed.

lower optimum cruising speed.

reduced maximum cruise range.

increased cruise range.

Correct Answer: D

Q.57

The datum is a reference from which all moment (balance) arms are measured. Its precise position is
given in the control and loading manual and it is located

at or near the focal point of the aeroplane axis system.

at or near the natural balance point of the empty aeroplane.

at a convenient point which may not physically be on the aeroplane.

at or near the forward limit of the centre of gravity.

Correct Answer: C

Q.58

At a given mass the CG position is at 15% MAC. If the leading edge of MAC is at a position 625.6 inches
aft of the datum and the MAC is given as 134.5 inches determine the position of the CG in relation to to
the datum.

228.34 inches aft of datum

645.78 inches aft of datum

20.18 inches aft of datum

605.43 inches aft of datum

Correct Answer: B

Q.59

From the loading manual for the transport aeroplane, the aft cargo compartment has a maximum total
load of :

1568 kg

3062 kg

4187 kg

9232 kg

Correct Answer: C

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Q.60

If individual masses are used, the mass of an aeroplane must be determined prior to initial entry into 16/53
 If individual masses are used, the mass of an aeroplane must be determined prior to initial entry into
service and thereafter

at intervals of 9 years.

at intervals of 4 years if no modifications have taken place.

at regular annual intervals.

only if major modifications have taken place.

Correct Answer: B

Q.61

When preparing to carry out the weighing procedure on an aeroplane, which of the following is not
required?

drain all engine tank oil.

drain all useable fuel.

drain all chemical toilet fluid tanks.

removable passenger services equipment to be off-loaded.

Correct Answer: A

Q.62

An aeroplane's weighing schedule indicates that the empty mass is 57320 kg. The nominal Dry Operating
Mass is 60120 kg and the Maximum Zero Fuel Mass is given as 72100 kg. Which of the following is a
correct statement in relation to this aeroplane?

operational items have a mass of 2800 kg and the maximum useful load is 14780 kg.

operational items have a mass of 2800 kg and the maximum traffic load for this aeroplane is 11980 kg.

operational items have a mass of 2800 kg and the maximum traffic load for this aeroplane is 14780 kg.

operational items have a mass of 2800 kg and the maximum useful load is 11980 kg.

Correct Answer: B

Q.63

The crew of a transport aeroplane prepares a flight using the following data: - Block fuel: 40 000 kg - Trip
fuel: 29 000 kg - Taxi fuel: 800 kg - Maximum take-off mass: 170 000 kg - Maximum landing mass: 148
500 kg - Maximum zero fuel mass: 112 500 kg - Dry operating mass: 80 400 kg The maximum traffic load
for this flight is:

32 100 kg

32 900 kg

18 900 kg

40 400 kg

Correct Answer: A

17/53
Q.64

The maximum load per running metre of an aeroplane is 350 kg/m. The width of the floor area is 2 metres.
The floor strength limitation is 300 kg per square metre. Which one of the following crates (length x width
x height) can be loaded directly on the floor?

A load of 400 kg in a crate with dimensions 1.2 m x 1.2 m x 1.2 m.

A load of 500 kg in a crate with dimensions 1.5 m x 1 m x 1 m.

A load of 400 kg in a crate with dimensions 1.4 m x 0.8 m x 0.8 m.

A load of 700 kg in a crate with dimensions 1.8 m x 1.4 m x 0.8 m.

Correct Answer: A

Q.65

pallet having a freight platform which measures 200 cm x 250 cm has a total mass of 300 kg. The pallet is
carried on two ground supports each measuring 20 cm x 200 cm. Using the loading manual for the
transport aeroplane, calculate how much mass may be added to, or must be off loaded from, the pallet in
order for the load intensity to match the maximum permitted distribution load intensity for lower deck
forward cargo compartement.

285.5 kg may be added.

28.5 kg must be off loaded.

28.5 kg may be added.

158.3 kg must be off loaded.

Correct Answer: A

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Q.66

If nose wheel moves aft during gear retraction, how will this movement affect the location of the centre of
gravity (cg) on the aeroplane?

It will cause the cg to move aft.

It will not affect the cg location.

It will cause the cg to move forward.

The cg location will change, but the direction cannot be told the information given.

Correct Answer: A

Q.67

Without the crew, the mass and longitudinal CG position of the aircraft are 6 000 kg and 4,70m. - the
mass of the pilot is 90 kg - the mass of the copilot is 100 kg - the mass of the flight engineer is 80 kg With
the crew, the mass and longitudinal CG position of the aircraft are :

6 270 kg and 5.012 m 18/53

 6 270 kg and 5.012 m

6 270 kg and 4.61 m

6 270 kg and 4.594 m

6 270 kg and 4.796 m

Correct Answer: C

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Q.68

The empty mass of your helicopter is 1 100 kg with a CGposition at 3.05m. The load is as follows: -total
mass of pilot and co-pilot: 150 kg -total mass of passengers at rear: 200 kg In order not to exeed the
limitations the minimum remaining fuel on board should be:

250 kg

125 kg

450 kg

350 kg

Correct Answer: B

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Q.69

The Dry Operating Mass of a helicopter is the total mass of a helicopter :

including the crew,the fuel and the specific equipments for the mission but excluding payload

including the crew, the usable fuel and the specific equipments for the mission and payload

ready for a specific operation including the crew and traffic load, not including the usable fuel

excluding the crew but including specific equipments for the mission and not including the usable fuel

Correct Answer: C

Q.70

Using the data given at the appendix, determine which of the following correctly gives the values of the
Zero Fuel Mass (ZFM) of the aeroplane and the load index at ZFM

48600 kg and 57.0

51300 kg and 57.0

46300 kg and 20.5

35100 kg and 20.5

Correct Answer: A

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19/53
Q.71

On an aeroplane with 20 or more seats engaged on an inter-continental flight, the 'standard mass' which
may be used for passenger baggage is

14 kg per passenger.

11 kg per passenger.

15 kg per passenger.

13 kg per passenger.

Correct Answer: C

Q.72

The Zero Fuel Mass and the Dry Operating Mass

differ by the mass of usable fuel.

differ by the value of the traffic load mass.

are the same value.

differ by the sum of the mass of usable fuel plus traffic load mass.

Correct Answer: B

Q.73

If the centre of gravity of an aeroplane moves forward during flight the elevator control will :

become heavier making the aeroplane more difficult to manouevre in pitch

become lighter making the aeroplane more difficult to manouevre in pitch.

become heavier making the aeroplane more easy to manouevre in pitch.

become lighter making the aeroplane more easy to manouevre in pitch.

Correct Answer: A

Q.74

A location in the aeroplane which is identified by a number designating its distance from the datum is
known as:

Station.

Moment.

MAC.

Index.

Correct Answer: A

Q.75

Loads must be adequately secured in order to:

20/53
 avoid unplanned centre of gravity (cg) movement and aircraft damage.

avoid any centre of gravity (cg) movement during flight.

prevent excessive 'g'-loading during the landing flare.

allow steep turns.

Correct Answer: A

Q.76

The weight of an aeroplane, which is in level non accelerated flight, is said to act

vertically through the datum point.

always along the vertical axis of the aeroplane.

vertically through the centre of gravity.

vertically through the centre of pressure.

Correct Answer: C

Q.77

The following data applies to an aeroplane which is about to take off: Certified maximum take-off mass
141500 kg Performance limited take-off mass 137300 kg Dry Operating Mass 58400 kg Crew and crew
hand baggage mass 640 kg Crew baggage in hold 110 kg Fuel on board 60700 kg From this data
calculate the mass of the useful load.

17450 kg

78900 kg

78150 kg

18200 kg

Correct Answer: B

Q.78

In relation to an aeroplane, the term ' Basic Empty Mass' includes the mass of the aeroplane structure
complete with its powerplants, systems, furnishings and other items of equipment considered to be an
integral part of the particular aeroplane configuration. Its value is

printed in the loading manual and includes unusable fuel.

found in the latest version of the weighing schedule as corrected to allow for modifications.

inclusive of an allowance for crew, crew baggage and other operating items. It is entered in the loading
manifest.

found in the flight manual and is inclusive of unusable fuel plus fluids contained in closed systems.

Correct Answer: B

Q.79

For the transport aeroplane the moment (balance) arm (B.A.) for the forward hold centroid is: 21/53
 For the transport aeroplane the moment (balance) arm (B.A.) for the forward hold centroid is:

421.5 inches.

367.9 inches.

257 inches.

314.5 inches.

Correct Answer: B

View Image

Q.80

An aircraft basic empty mass is 3000 kg. The maximum take-off, landing, and zero-fuel mass are
identical, at 5200 kg. Ramp fuel is 650 kg, the taxi fuel is 50 kg. The payload available is :

1 600 kg

1 550 kg

2 200 kg

2 150 kg

Correct Answer: A

Q.81

The maximum mass to which an aeroplane may be loaded, prior to engine start, is :

maximum certificated taxi (ramp) mass.

maximum regulated taxi (ramp) mass.

maximum certificated take - off mass.

maximum regulated take - off mass.

Correct Answer: A

Q.82

The centre of gravity is the

centre of thrust along the longitudinal axis, in relation to a datum line

focus along the longitudinal axis, in relation to a datum line

neutral point along the longitudinal axis, in relation to a datum line

point where all the aircraft mass is considered to be concentrated

Correct Answer: D

Q.83

The centre of gravity of an aeroplane is that point through which the total mass of the aeroplane is said to
act. The weight acts in a direction
22/53
 at right angles to the flight path.

governed by the distribution of the mass within the aeroplane.

parallel to the gravity vector.

always parallel to the aeroplane's vertical axis.

Correct Answer: C

Q.84

In mass and balance calculations which of the following describes the datum?

It is the most forward position of the centre of gravity.

It is the most aft position of the centre of gravity.

It is the distance from the centre of gravity to the point through which the weight of the component acts.

It is the point on the aeroplane designated by the manufacturers from which all centre of gravity
measurements and calculations are made.

Correct Answer: D

Q.85

A mass of 500 kg is loaded at a station which is located 10 metres behind the present Centre of Gravity
and 16 metres behind the datum. (Assume: g=10 m/s^2) The moment for that mass used in the loading
manifest is :

130000 Nm

80000 Nm

50000 Nm

30000 Nm

Correct Answer: B

Q.86

In relation to an aeroplane the Dry Operating Mass is the total mass of the aeroplane ready for a specific
type of operation but excluding

usable fuel and crew.

potable water and lavatory chemicals.

usable fuel, potable water and lavatory chemicals.

usable fuel and traffic load.

Correct Answer: D

Q.87

Dry Operating Mass is the mass of the aeroplane less

traffic load, potable water and lavatory chemicals. 23/53

 traffic load, potable water and lavatory chemicals.

usable fuel, potable water and lavatory chemicals.

usable fuel and traffic load.

usable fuel.

Correct Answer: C

Q.88

On an aeroplane without central fuel tank, the maximum Zero Fuel Mass is related to:

Maximum Structural Take-Off Mass.

Wing loaded trip fuel.

Variable equipment for the flight.

The bending moment at the wing root.

Correct Answer: D

Q.89

When an aeroplane is stationary on the ground, its total weight will act vertically

through the main wheels of its undercarriage assembly.

through a point defined as the datum point.

through its centre of gravity.

through its centre of pressure.

Correct Answer: C

Q.90

The maximum floor loading for a cargo compartment in an aeroplane is given as 750 kg per square
metre. A package with a mass of 600 kg. is to be loaded. Assuming the pallet base is entirely in contact
with the floor, which of the following is the minimum size pallet that can be used ?

30 cm by 200 cm

40 cm by 300 cm

40 cm by 200 cm

30 cm by 300 cm

Correct Answer: C

Q.91

An aeroplane is to depart from an airfield where the performance limited take-off mass is 89200 kg. 24/53
 An aeroplane is to depart from an airfield where the performance limited take-off mass is 89200 kg.
Certificated maximum masses are as follows: Ramp (taxi) mass 89930 kg Maximum Take-off mass 89430
kg MaximumLanding mass 71520 kg Actual Zero fuel mass 62050 kg Fuel on board at ramp: Taxi fuel
600 kg Trip fuel 17830 kg Contingency, final reserve and alternate 9030 kg If the Dry Operating Mass is
40970 kg the traffic load that can be carried on this flight is

21080 kg

21500 kg

21220 kg

20870 kg

Correct Answer: A

Q.92

A aeroplane has a landing mass of 53 000kg. The range of safe CG positions, as determined from the
appropriate graph in the loading manual, is :

Forward limit 7.3% MAC aft limit 26.8% MAC

Forward limit 8.7% MAC aft limit 26.8% MAC

Forward limit 7.8% MAC aft limit 27.0% MAC

Forward limit 8.2% MAC aft limit 27.0% MAC

Correct Answer: C

View Image

Q.93

An aeroplane has a mean aerodynamic chord (MAC) of 134.5 inches. The leading edge of this chord is at
a distance of 625.6 inches aft of the datum. Give the location of the centre of gravity of the aeroplane in
terms of percentage MAC if the mass of the aeroplane is acting vertically through a balance arm located
650 inches aft of the datum.

75,6%

85,5%

10,5%

18,14%

Correct Answer: D

Q.94

The empty mass of an aeroplane is given as 44800 kg. Operational items (including crew standard mass
of 1060 kg) are 2300 kg. If the maximum zero fuel mass is given as 65500 kg, the maximum traffic load
which could be carried is:

19460 kg. 25/53

 19460 kg.

18400 kg

20700 kg

23000 kg

Correct Answer: B

Q.95

With respect to aeroplane loading in the planning phase, which of the following statements is always
correct ? LM = Landing Mass TOM = Take-off Mass MTOM = Maximum Take-off Mass ZFM = Zero Fuel
Mass MZFM = Maximum Zero Fuel Mass DOM = Dry Operating Mass

LM = TOM - Trip Fuel

MTOM = ZFM + maximum possible fuel mass

MZFM = Traffic load + DOM

Reserve Fuel = TOM - Trip Fuel

Correct Answer: A

Q.96

The mass of an aeroplane is 1950 kg. If 450 kg is added to a cargo hold 1.75 metres from the loaded
centre of gravity (cg). The loaded cg will move:

33 cm.

40 cm.

30 cm.

34 cm.

Correct Answer: A

Q.97

Considering only structural limitations, on long distance flights (at the aeroplane's maximum range), the
traffic load is normally limited by:

The maximum zero fuel mass.

The maximum zero fuel mass plus the take-off mass.

The maximum landing mass.

The maximum take-off mass.

Correct Answer: D

Q.98

When considering the effects of increased mass on an aeroplane, which of the following is true?

Stalling speeds will be higher. 26/53

 Stalling speeds will be higher.

Stalling speeds will be lower.

Gradient of climb for a given power setting will be higher.

Flight endurance will be increased.

Correct Answer: A

Q.99

A flight benefits from a strong tail wind which was not forecast. On arrival at destination a straight in
approach and immediate landing clearance is given. The landing mass will be higher than planned and

the landing distance will be unaffected.

the approach path will be steeper.

the approach path will be steeper and threshold speed higher.

the landing distance required will be longer.

Correct Answer: D

Q.100

Traffic load is the:

Zero Fuel Mass minus Dry Operating Mass.

Dry Operating Mass minus the disposable load.

Dry Operating Mass minus the variable load.

Take-off Mass minus Zero Fuel Mass.

Correct Answer: A

Q.101

When the centre of gravity is at the forward limit, an aeroplane will be :

extremely unstable and require small elevator control to change pitch.

extremely stable and will require excessive elevator control to change pitch.

extremely stable and require small elevator control to change pitch.

extremely unstable and require excessive elevator control to change pitch.

Correct Answer: B

Q.102

Where is the centre of gravity of the aeroplane in the diagram?

26.57 cm aft of datum. 27/53

 26.57 cm aft of datum.

32.29 cm aft of datum.

26.57 cm forward of datum.

32.29 cm forward of datum.

Correct Answer: C

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Q.103

By adding to the basic empty mass the following fixed necessary equipment for a specific flight (catering,
safety and rescue equipment, fly away kit, crew), we get:

landing mass

Dry operating mass

take-off mass

zero fuel mass

Correct Answer: B

Q.104

Which of the following statements is correct?

The centre of gravity is given in percent of MAC calculated from the leading edge of the wing, where MAC
always = the wing chord halfway between the centre line of the fuselage and the wing tip

If the actual centre of gravity is located behind the aft limit the aeroplane longitudinal stability increases.

A tail heavy aeroplane is less stable and stalls at a lower speed than a nose heavy aeroplane

The station (STA) is always the location of the centre of gravity in relation to a reference point, normally
the leading edge of the wing at MAC

Correct Answer: C

Q.105

In cruise flight, an aft centre of gravity location will:

decrease longitudinal static stability

increase longitudinal static stability

does not influence longitudinal static stability

not change the static curve of stability into longitudinal

Correct Answer: A

Q.106

Without the man on the winch, the mass and the lateral CG position of the helicopter are 6 000 kg and 28/53
 Without the man on the winch, the mass and the lateral CG position of the helicopter are 6 000 kg and
0.055 m to the right. - the mass of the wet man on the winch is 180 kg With the man on the winch, the
mass and lateral CGposition of the helicopter are :

6 180 kg and 0.059m to the right

6 180 kg and 0.075m to the right

6 180 kg and 0.041m to the right

beyond the limit

Correct Answer: D

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Q.107

The floor of the main cargo hold is limited to 4 000 N/m2. It is planned to load a cubic container each side
of which measures 0.5m. Its maximum gross mass must not exceed: (assume g=10m/s2)

5 000 kg

100 kg

1 000 kg

500 kg

Correct Answer: B

Q.108

The datum used for balance calculations is:

chosen on the longitudinal axis of the aeroplane, and necessarily situated between the nose and the tail
of the aircraft

chosen on the longitudinal axis of the aircraft and necessarily situated between the leading edge and
trailing edge of the wing

chosen on the longitudinal axis of the aircraft, and always at the fire-wall level

chosen on the longitudinal axis of the aeroplane, but not necessarily between the nose and the tail of the
aircraft

Correct Answer: D

Q.109

A revenue flight is to be made by a jet transport. The following are the aeroplane's structural limits: -
Maximum Ramp Mass: 69 900 kg -Maximum Take Off Mass: 69 300 kg -Maximum Landing Mass: 58 900
kg -Maximum Zero Fuel Mass: 52 740 kg Take Off and Landing mass are not performance limited. Dry
Operating Mass: 34 900 kg Trip Fuel: 11 800 kg Taxi Fuel: 500 kg Contingency & final reserve fuel: 1 600
kg Alternate Fuel: 1 900 kg The maximum traffic load that can be carried is:

17 840 kg 29/53
 17 840 kg

19 100 kg

19 200 kg

19 500 kg

Correct Answer: A

Q.110

The following results were obtained after weighing a helicopter : - front point : 220 kg - right rear point :
500 kg - left rear point : 480 kg The helicopter's datum is 3.40 m forward of the rotor axis. The front point
is located 2.00 m forward of the rotor axis and the rear points are located 0.50 m aft of the rotor axis. The
longitudinal CG-position in relation to the datum is:

0,04 m

3,44 m

1,18 m

3,36 m

Correct Answer: B

Q.111

A revenue flight is to be made by a jet transport. The following are the aeroplane's structural limits: -
Maximum Ramp Mass: 69 900 kg -Maximum Take Off Mass: 69 300 kg -Maximum Landing Mass: 58 900
kg -Maximum Zero Fuel Mass: 52 740 kg Take Off and Landing mass are not performance limited. Dry
Operating Mass: 34 930 kg Trip Fuel: 11 500 kg Taxi Fuel: 250 kg Contingency & final reserve fuel: 1 450
kg Alternate Fuel: 1 350 kg The maximum traffic load that can be carried is:

20 420 kg

17 810 kg

21 170 kg

21 070 kg

Correct Answer: B

Q.112

The term 'Maximum Zero Fuel Mass' consist of :

The maximum mass authorized for a certain aeroplane not including the fuel load and operational items

The maximum mass for some aeroplanes including the fuel load and the traffic load

The maximum permissible mass of an aeroplane with no usable fuel.

The maximum mass authorized for a certain aeroplane not including traffic load and fuel load.

Correct Answer: C

Q.113

30/53
 Determine the Take-off Mass for the following single engine aeroplane. Given : Standard Empty Mass :
1764 lbs Optional Equipment : 35 lbs Pilot + Front seat passenger : 300 lbs Cargo Mass : 350 lbs Ramp
Fuel = Block Fuel : 60 Gal. Trip Fuel : 35 Gal. Fuel density : 6 lbs/Gal.

2659 lbs

2799 lbs

2764 lbs

2809 lbs

Correct Answer: B

Q.114

The flight preparation of a turbojet aeroplane provides the following data: Take-off runway limitation: 185
000 kg Landing runway limitation: 180 000 kg Planned fuel consumption: 11 500 kg Fuel already loaded
on board the aircraft: 20 000 kg Knowing that: Maximum take-off mass (MTOM): 212 000 kg Maximum
landing mass (MLM): 174 000 kg Maximum zero fuel mass (MZFM): 164 000 kg Dry operating mass
(DOM): 110 000 kg The maximum cargo load that the captain may decide to load on board is:

61 500 kg

54 000 kg

55 000 kg

55 500 kg

Correct Answer: B

Q.115

Based on actual conditions, an aeroplane has the following performance take-off mass limitations: Flaps :
0° 10° 15° Runway: 4100 4400 4600 Climb: 4700 4500 4200 Masses are in kg Structural limits: take-
off/landing/zero fuel: 4 300 kg The maximum take-off mass is :

4 200 kg

4 700 kg

4 300 kg

4 100 kg

Correct Answer: C

Q.116

For a particular aeroplane, the structural maximum mass without any fuel on board, other than unusable
quantities, is :

a fixed value which is stated in the Aeroplane Operating Manual.

a variable value which is governed by the payload carried.

a variable value which may limit the payload carried.

a fixed value which will limit the amount of fuel carried.

31/53
 Correct Answer: A

Q.117

Given that: - Maximum structural take-off mass: 146 000 kg - Maximum structural landing mass: 93 900 kg
- Maximum zero fuel mass: 86 300 kg - Trip fuel: 27 000 kg - Taxi fuel: 1 000 kg - Contingency fuel: 1350
kg - Alternate fuel: 2650 kg - Final reserve fuel: 3000 kg Determine the actual take-off mass:

121 300 kg.

120 300 kg.

146 000 kg.

120 900 kg.

Correct Answer: B

Q.118

The Maximum Zero Fuel Mass is the mass of the aeroplane with no usable fuel on board. It is a limitation
which is:

governed by the requirements of the centre of gravity limits and the structural limits of the aeroplane.

tabulated in the Flight Manual against arguments of airfield elevation and temperature.

governed by the traffic load to be carried. It also provides protection from excessive 'wing bending'.

listed in the Flight Manual as a fixed value. It is a structural limit.

Correct Answer: D

Q.119

For the medium range twin jet the datum point is located

540 cm forward of the front spar.

on the nose of the aeroplane.

at the leading edge of the Mean Aerodynamic Chord (MAC).

540 inches forward of the front spar.

Correct Answer: D

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Q.120

In order to provide an adequate "buffet boundary" at the commencement of the cruise a speed of 1.3Vs is
used. At a mass of 120000 kg this is a CAS of 180 knots. If the mass of the aeroplane is increased to
135000 kg the value of 1.3Vs will be

increased to 191 knots, drag will increase and air distance per kg of fuel will decrease. 32/53
 increased to 191 knots, drag will increase and air distance per kg of fuel will decrease.

unaffected as Vs always occurs at the same angle of attack.

increased to 191 knots, drag will decrease and air distance per kg of fuel will increase.

increased to 202 knots but, since the same angle of attack is used, drag and range will remain the same.

Correct Answer: A

Q.121

Which of the following alternatives corresponds to zero fuel mass?

Operating mass plus passengers and cargo.

Take-off mass minus fuel to destination and alternate.

The mass of an aeroplane with no usable fuel.

Operating mass plus load of passengers and cargo.

Correct Answer: C

Q.122

An aeroplane, which is scheduled to fly an oceanic sector, is due to depart from a high altitude airport in
the tropics at 1400 local time. The airport has an exceptionally long runway. Which of the following is most
likely to be the limiting factor(s) in determining the take - off mass ?

maximum zero fuel mass.

maximum certificated take - off mass.

en route obstacle clearance requirements.

altitude and temperature of the departure airfield.

Correct Answer: D

Q.123

The Maximum Zero Fuel Mass is a structural limiting mass. It is made up of the aeroplane Dry
Operational mass plus

traffic load and crew standard mass.

traffic load and unuseable fuel.

traffic load, unuseable fuel and crew standard mass.

unuseable and crew standard mass.

Correct Answer: B

Q.124

Calculate the centre of gravity in % MAC (mean aerodynamic chord) with following data: Distance datum -
centre of gravity: 12.53 m Distance datum - leading edge: 9.63 m Length of MAC: 8 m

36.3 % MAC 33/53

 36.3 % MAC

63.4 % MAC

47.0 % MAC

23.1 % MAC

Correct Answer: A

Q.125

The Dry Operating Mass of an aeroplane includes :

Fuel and passengers baggage and cargo.

Passengers baggage and cargo.

Crew and crew baggage, catering, removable passenger service equipment, potable water and lavatory
chemicals.

Unusable fuel and reserve fuel.

Correct Answer: C

Q.126

Standard masses may be used for the computation of mass values for baggage if the aeroplane

has 30 or more seats.

is carrying 30 or more passengers.

has 20 or more seats.

has 6 or more seats.

Correct Answer: C

Q.127

An aeroplane is performance limited to a landing mass of 54230 kg. The Dry Operating Mass is 35000 kg
and the zero fuel mass is 52080 kg. If the take-off mass is 64280 kg the useful load is

17080 kg

12200 kg.

10080 kg.

29280 kg.

Correct Answer: D

Q.128

The operator of an aircraft equipped with 50 seats uses standard masses for passengers and baggage.
During the preparation of a scheduled flight a group of passengers present themselves at the check-in
desk, it is apparent that even the lightest of these exceeds the value of the declared standard mass.

the operator is obliged to use the actual masses of each passenger 34/53
 the operator is obliged to use the actual masses of each passenger

the operator should use the individual masses of the passengers or alter the standard masss

the operator may use the standard masses for the load and balance calculation without correction

the operator may use the standard masses for the balance but must correct these for the load calculation

Correct Answer: B

Q.129

Given: Maximum structural take-off mass= 146 900 kg Maximum structural landing mass= 93 800 kg
Maximum zero fuel mass= 86 400 kg Trip fuel= 27 500 kg Block fuel= 35 500 kg Engine starting and taxi
fuel = 1 000 kg The maximum take-off mass is equal to:

120 300 kg

120 900 kg

121 300 kg

113 900 kg

Correct Answer: B

Q.130

In determining the Dry Operating Mass of an aeroplane it is common practice to use 'standard mass'
values for crew. These values are

flight crew (male) 88 kg. (female) 75 kg., cabin crew 75 kg. each. These include an allowance for hand
baggage.

flight crew (male) 88 kg. (female) 75 kg., cabin crew 75 kg. each. These do not include an allowance for
hand baggage.

flight crew 85 kg., cabin crew 75 kg. each. These are inclusive of a hand baggage allowance.

flight crew 85 kg., cabin crew 75 kg. each. These do not include a hand baggage allowance.

Correct Answer: C

Q.131

The maximum certificated take - off mass is :

a take - off limiting mass which is governed by the gradient of climb after reaching V2 .

limited by the runway take off distance available. It is tabulated in the Flight Manual.

a structural limit which may not be exceeded for any take - off.

a take - off limiting mass which is affected by the aerodrome altitude and temperature.

Correct Answer: C

Q.132

The maximum zero-fuel mass: 1- is a regulatory limitation 2- is calculated for a maximum load factor of 35/53
 The maximum zero-fuel mass: 1- is a regulatory limitation 2- is calculated for a maximum load factor of
+3.5 g 3- is due to the maximum permissible bending moment at the wing root 4- imposes fuel dumping
from the outer wings tank first 5- imposes fuel dumping from the inner wings tank first 6- can be increased
by stiffening the wing The combination of correct statements is:

1, 2, 3

1, 3, 5

2, 5, 6

4, 2, 6

Correct Answer: B

Q.133

The maximum zero fuel mass is a mass limitation for the:

strength of the fuselage

allowable load exerted upon the wing considering a margin for fuel tanking

total load of the fuel imposed upon the wing

strength of the wing root

Correct Answer: D

Q.134

The aeroplane has a mass of 61 000 kg in the cruise. The range of safe CG positions, as determined
from the appropriate graph in the loading manual, is:

forward limit 7.7% aft limit 25.2% MAC

forward limit 8.3% aft limit 26.3% MAC

forward limit 8.0% aft limit 27.2% MAC.

forward limit 7.6% aft limit 26.9% MAC.

Correct Answer: B

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Q.135

The Take-off Mass of an aeroplane is 66700 kg which includes a traffic load of 14200 kg and a usable fuel
load of 10500 kg. If the standard mass for the crew is 545 kg the Dry Operating Mass is

56200 kg

41455 kg

42545 kg

42000 kg

Correct Answer: D

36/53
Q.136

The centre of gravity location of the aeroplane is normally computed along the:

horizontal axis.

longitudinal axis.

lateral axis.

vertical axis.

Correct Answer: B

Q.137

Assume: Aeroplane gross mass: 4750 kg Centre of gravity at station: 115.8 What will be the new position
of the centre of gravity if 100 kg is moved from the station 30 to station 120?

Station 117.69

Station 118.33

Station 120.22

Station 118.25

Correct Answer: A

Q.138

The determination of the centre of gravity in relation to the mean aerodynamic chord:

consists of defining the centre of gravity longitudinally in relation to the length of the mean aerodynamic
chord and the leading edge

consists of defining the centre of gravity longitudinally in relation to the length of the mean aerodynamic
chord and the trailing edge

consists of defining the centre of gravity longitudinally in relation to the position of the aerodynamic
convergence point

consists of defining the centre of gravity longitudinally in relation to the position of the aerodynamic centre
of pressure

Correct Answer: A

Q.139

The empty mass of an aeroplane, as given in the weighing schedule, is 61300 kg. The operational items
(including crew) is given as a mass of 2300 kg. If the take-off mass is 132000 kg (including a useable fuel
quantity of 43800 kg) the useful load is

70700 kg

29600 kg

26900 kg.

68400 kg

37/53
 Correct Answer: D

Q.140

The centre of gravity of a body is that point

through which the sum of the forces of all masses of the body is considered to act.

where the sum of the moments from the external forces acting on the body is equal to zero.

where the sum of the external forces is equal to zero.

which is always used as datum when computing moments.

Correct Answer: A

Q.141

Which one of the following is correct?

Arm = Force / Moment

Moment = Force / Arm

Arm = Force X Moment

Arm = Moment / Force

Correct Answer: D

Q.142

Referring to the loading manual for the transport aeroplane, the maximum running load for the aft section
of the forward lower deck cargo compartment is:

13.12 kg per inch.

13.15 kg per inch.

14.65 kg per inch.

7.18 kg per inch.

Correct Answer: A

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Q.143

For the purpose of completing the Mass and Balance documentation, the Traffic Load is considered to be
equal to the Take-off Mass

less the Operating Mass.

plus the Operating Mass.

plus the Trip Fuel Mass.

less the Trip Fuel Mass.

Correct Answer: A
38/53
Q.144

The centre of gravity of an aeroplane

may only be moved if permitted by the regulating authority and endorsed in the aeroplane's certificate of
airworthiness.

is in a fixed position and is unaffected by aeroplane loading.

must be maintained in a fixed position by careful distribution of the load.

can be allowed to move between defined limits.

Correct Answer: D

Q.145

A jet aeroplane, with the geometrical characteristics shown in the appendix, has a take-off weight (W) of
460 000 N and a centre of gravity (point G on annex) located at 15.40 m from the zero reference point. At
the last moment the station manager has 12 000 N of freight added in the forward compartment at 10 m
from the zero reference point. The final location of the centre of gravity, calculated in percentage of mean
aerodynamic chord AB (from point A), is equal to:

30.4 %.

35.5 %.

27.5 %.

16.9 %.

Correct Answer: C

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Q.146

An aeroplane is loaded with its centre of gravity towards the rear limit. This will result in :

a reduced fuel consumption as a result of reduced drag.

an increase in longitudinal stability.

a reduction in power required for a given speed.

an increased risk of stalling due to a decrease in tailplane moment

Correct Answer: D

Q.147

On an aeroplane with a seating capacity of more than 30, it is decided to use standard mass values for
computing the total mass of passengers. If the flight is not a holiday charter, the mass value which may be
used for an adult is

76 kg 39/53
 76 kg

84 kg (male) 76 kg (female).

88 kg (male) 74 kg (female).

84 kg

Correct Answer: D

Q.148

Allowed traffic load is the difference between :

allowed take off mass and basic mass

operating mass and basic mass

allowed take off mass and operating mass

allowed take off mass and basic mass plus trip fuel

Correct Answer: C

Q.149

Fuel loaded onto an aeroplane is 15400 kg but is erroneously entered into the load and trim sheet as
14500 kg. This error is not detected by the flight crew but they will notice that

V1 will be reached sooner than expected

V1 will be increased.

the aeroplane will rotate much earlier than expected.

speed at un-stick will be higher than expected

Correct Answer: D

Q.150

Prior to departure an aeroplane is loaded with 16500 litres of fuel at a fuel density of 780 kg/m³. This is
entered into the load sheet as 16500 kg and calculations are carried out accordingly. As a result of this
error, the aeroplane is

lighter than anticipated and the calculated safety speeds will be too high

lighter than anticipated and the calculated safety speeds will be too low

heavier than anticipated and the calculated safety speeds will be too high

heavier than anticipated and the calculated safety speeds will be too low.

Correct Answer: A

Q.151

The standard mass for a child is

35 kg for holiday charters and 38 kg for all other flights. 40/53

 35 kg for holiday charters and 38 kg for all other flights.

38 kg for all flights.

30 kg for holiday charters and 35 kg for all other flights.

35 kg for all flights.

Correct Answer: D

Q.152

A helicopter's basic mass is 1 100 kg and the longitudinal CG-position is at 3.10 m. Determine the
longitudinal CG position in the following conditions : - pilot and front passenger : 150 kg - rear passengers
: 150 kg - fuel : 500 kg

2.82 m

2.91 m

2.85 m

2.97 m

Correct Answer: B

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Q.153

At the maximum landing mass the range of safe CG positions, as determined from the appropriate graph
in the loading manual, is:

Forward limit 8.0% MAC aft limit 27.2% MAC

Forward limit 8.6% MAC aft limit 27.0% MAC

Forward limit 8.0% MAC aft limit 26.8% MAC

Forward limit 7.4% MAC aft limit 27.0% MAC

Correct Answer: D

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Q.154

In cruise, an extreme aft longitudinal center of gravity:

moves away the cyclic stick from its forward stop and increases the stress in the rotor head

brings the cyclic stick closer to its forward stop and decreases the stress in the rotor head

moves away the cyclic stick from its forward stop and decreases the stresses in the head rotors

brings the cyclic stick closer to its forward stop and increases the stress in the rotor head

Correct Answer: D

Q.155

Given an aeroplane with: Maximum Structural Landing Mass: 68000 kg Maximum Zero Fuel Mass: 70200
41/53
 Given an aeroplane with: Maximum Structural Landing Mass: 68000 kg Maximum Zero Fuel Mass: 70200
kg Maximum Structural Take-off Mass: 78200 kg Dry Operating Mass : 48000 kg Scheduled trip fuel is
7000 kg and the reserve fuel is 2800 kg, Assuming performance limitations are not restricting, the
maximum permitted take-off mass and maximum traffic load are respectively:

77200 kg and 22200 kg

75000 kg and 17200 kg

75000 kg and 20000 kg

77200 kg and 19400 kg

Correct Answer: B

Q.156

The centre of gravity of an aeroplane is at 25% of the Mean Aerodynamic Chord. This means that the
centre of gravity of the aeroplane is situated at 25% of the length of:

the mean aerodynamic chord in relation to the datum

the aeroplane in relation to the leading edge

the mean aerodynamic chord in relation to the leading edge

the mean aerodynamic chord in relation to the trailing edge

Correct Answer: C

Q.157

Given: Dry Operating Mass= 29 800 kg Maximum Take-Off Mass= 52 400 kg Maximum Zero-Fuel Mass=
43 100 kg Maximum Landing Mass= 46 700 kg Trip fuel= 4 000 kg Fuel quantity at brakes release= 8 000
kg The maximum traffic load is:

13 300 kg

9 300 kg

14 600 kg

12 900 kg

Correct Answer: D

Q.158

The maximum intensity floor loading for an aeroplane is given in the Flight Manual as 650 kg per square
metre. What is the maximum mass of a package which can be safely supported on a pallet with
dimensions of 80 cm by 80 cm?

41.6 kg

101.6 kg

416.0 kg

1015.6 kg

Correct Answer: C 42/53

 Correct Answer: C

Q.159

An aeroplane with a two wheel nose gear and four main wheels rests on the ground with a single nose
wheel load of 500 kg and a single main wheel load of 6000 kg. The distance between the nose wheels
and the main wheels is 10 meter. How far is the centre of gravity in front of the main wheels?

41.6 cm.

40 cm.

25 cm.

4 meter.

Correct Answer: B

Q.160

Moment (balance) arms are measured from a specific point to the body station at which the mass is
located. That point is known as

the datum.

the focal point.

the axis.

the centre of gravity of the aeroplane.

Correct Answer: A

Q.161

The total mass of the aeroplane including crew, crew baggage; plus catering and removable passenger
equipment; plus potable water and lavatory chemicals but excluding usable fuel and traffic load, is
referred to as:

Maximum Zero Fuel Mass

Dry Operating Mass.

Zero Fuel Mass.

Aeroplane Prepared for Service ( APS) Mass.

Correct Answer: B

Q.162

The total mass of an aeroplane is 9000 kg. The centre of gravity (cg) position is at 2.0 m from the datum
line. The aft limit for cg is at 2.1 m from the datum line. What mass of cargo must be shifted from the front
cargo hold (at 0.8 m from the datum) to the aft hold (at 3.8 m), to move the cg to the aft limit?

300 kg 43/53
 300 kg

900 kg

30.0 kg

196 kg

Correct Answer: A

Q.163

The zero fuel mass of an aeroplane is always:

The maximum take-off mass minus the take-off fuel mass.

The take-off mass minus the take-off fuel mass.

The take-off mass minus the wing fuel mass.

The take-off mass minus the fuselage fuel mass.

Correct Answer: B

Q.164

Considering only structural limitations, on very short legs with minimum take-off fuel, the traffic load is
normally limited by:

Maximum take-off mass.

Actual landing mass.

Maximum zero fuel mass.

Maximum landing mass.

Correct Answer: C

Q.165

An aeroplane has its centre of gravity located 7 metres from the datum line and it has a mass of 49000 N.
The moment about the datum is:

7000 Nm.

34 300 Nm.

343 000 Nm.

1.43 Nm.

Correct Answer: C

Q.166

'Standard Mass' as used in the computation of passenger load establish the mass of a child as

35 kg irrespective of age provided they occupy a seat. 44/53

 35 kg irrespective of age provided they occupy a seat.

35 kg only if they are over 2 years old and occupy a seat.

35 kg for children over 2 years occupying a seat and 10 kg for infants (less than 2 years) not occupying a
seat.

35 kg for children over 2 years occupying a seat and 10 kg for infants (less than 2 years) occupying a
seat.

Correct Answer: A

Q.167

Determine the Zero Fuel Mass for the following single engine aeroplane. Given : Standard Empty Mass :
1764 lbs Optional Equipment : 35 lbs Pilot + Front seat passenger : 300 lbs Cargo Mass : 350 lbs Ramp
Fuel = Block Fuel : 60 Gal. Trip Fuel : 35 Gal. Fuel density : 6 lbs/Gal.

2659 lbs

2414 lbs

2449 lbs

2589 lbs

Correct Answer: C

Q.168

In mass and balance calculations the "index" is:

the moment divided by a constant.

a location in the aeroplane identified by a number.

an imaginary vertical plane or line from which all measurements are taken.

the range of moments the centre of gravity (cg) can have without making the aeroplane unsafe to fly.

Correct Answer: A

Q.169

The take-off mass of an aeroplane is 117 000 kg, comprising a traffic load of 18 000 kg and fuel of 46 000
kg. What is the dry operating mass?

71 000 kg

99 000 kg

53 000 kg

64 000 kg

Correct Answer: C

Q.170

The take-off mass of an aeroplane is 141000 kg. Total fuel on board is 63000 kg including 14000 kg 45/53
 The take-off mass of an aeroplane is 141000 kg. Total fuel on board is 63000 kg including 14000 kg
reserve fuel and 1000 kg of unusable fuel. The traffic load is 12800 kg. The zero fuel mass is:

65200 kg.

79000 kg

78000 kg

93000 kg

Correct Answer: B

Q.171

Mass for individual passengers (to be carried on an aeroplane) may be determined from a verbal
statement by or on behalf of the passengers if the number of

passengers carried is less than 20.

passenger seats available is less than 6.

passengers carried is less than 6.

passenger seats available is less than 20.

Correct Answer: B

Q.172

To measure the mass and CG-position of an aircraft, it should be weighed with a minimum of:

1 point of support

4 point of support

3 points of support

2 points of support

Correct Answer: C

Q.173

Which of the following statements is correct?

The Maximum Take-off Mass is equal to the maximum mass when leaving the ramp.

The Basic Empty Mass is equal to the mass of the aeroplane excluding traffic load and useable fuel but
including the crew.

The Maximum Landing Mass of an aeroplane is restricted by structural limitations, performance limitations
and the strength of the runway.

The Maximum Zero Fuel Mass ensures that the centre of gravity remains within limits after the uplift of
fuel.

Correct Answer: C

Q.174

When establishing the mass breakdown of an aeroplane, the empty mass is defined as the sum of the:46/53
 When establishing the mass breakdown of an aeroplane, the empty mass is defined as the sum of the:

basic mass plus special equipment mass

standard empty mass plus specific equipment mass plus trapped fluids plus unusable fuel mass

empty mass dry plus variable equipment mass

basic mass plus variable equipment mass

Correct Answer: B

Q.175

Which of the following is most likely to affect the range of centre of gravity positions on an aeroplane?

Location of the undercarriage.

The need to maintain a low value of stalling speed.

The need to minimise drag forces and so improve efficiency.

Elevator and tailplane (horizontal stabiliser) effectiveness in all flight conditions.

Correct Answer: D

Q.176

The loaded centre of gravity (cg) of an aeroplane is 713 mm aft of datum. The mean aerodynamic chord
lies between station 524 mm aft and 1706 mm aft. The cg expressed as % MAC (mean aerodynamic
chord) is:

60 %

10 %

16 %

41 %

Correct Answer: C

Q.177

If 390 Ibs of cargo are moved from compartment B (aft) to compartment A (forward), what is the station
number of the new centre of gravity (cg). Given : Gross mass 116.500 Ibs Present cg station 435.0
Compartment A station 285.5 Compartment B station 792.5

506.3

436.7

433.3

463.7

Correct Answer: C

Q.178

Without the crew, the weight and the CG-position of the aircraft are 7 000 kg and 4,70m. - the mass of the
47/53
 Without the crew, the weight and the CG-position of the aircraft are 7 000 kg and 4,70m. - the mass of the
pilot is 90 kg - the mass of the copilot is 75 kg - the mass of the flight engineer is 90 kg With this crew on
board, the CG-position of the aircraft will be:

0,217 m

4,783 m

4,455 m

4,615 m

Correct Answer: D

View Image

Q.179

The maximum certificated taxi (or ramp) mass is that mass to which an aeroplane may be loaded prior to
engine start. It is :

a value which varies with airfield temperature and altitude. Corrections are listed in the Flight Manual.

a value which varies only with airfield altitude. Standard corrections are listed in the Flight Manual.

a value which is only affected by the outside air temperature. Corrections are calculated from data given
in the Flight Manual.

a fixed value which is listed in the Flight Manual.

Correct Answer: D

Q.180

At the flight preparation stage, the following parameters in particular are available for determining the
mass of the aircraft: 1- Dry operating mass 2- Operating mass Which statement is correct:

The operating mass is the mass of the aeroplane without take-off fuel.

The dry operating mass includes take-off fuel.

The operating mass includes the traffic load.

The dry operating mass includes fixed equipment needed to carry out a specific flight.

Correct Answer: D

Q.181

Given an aeroplane with: Maximum Structural Landing Mass: 125000 kg Maximum Zero Fuel Mass:
108500 kg Maximum Structural Take-off Mass: 155000 kg Dry Operating Mass: 82000 kg Scheduled trip
fuel is 17000 kg and the reserve fuel is 5000 kg. Assuming performance limitations are not restricting, the
maximum permitted take-off mass and maximum traffic load are respectively:

130500 kg and 26500 kg 48/53

 130500 kg and 26500 kg

130500 kg and 31500 kg

125500 kg and 21500 kg

125500 kg and 26500 kg

Correct Answer: A

Q.182

Given: Total mass 2900 kg Centre of gravity (cg) location station: 115.0 Aft cg limit station: 116.0 The
maximum mass that can be added at station 130.0 is:

207 kg.

317 kg.

140 kg.

14 kg.

Correct Answer: A

Q.183

The basic empty mass of an aircraft is 30 000 kg. The masses of the following items are : - catering: 300
kg - safety and rescue material: nil - fly away kit: nil - crew (inclusive crew baggage): 365kg - fuel at take-
off: 3 000 kg - unusable fuel: 120 kg - passengers, baggage, cargo: 8 000 kg The Dry Operating Mass is :

30 785 kg

30 300 kg

38 300 kg

30 665 kg

Correct Answer: A

Q.184

With reference to mass and balance calculations (on an aeroplane) a datum point is used. This datum
point is :

a point near the centre of the aeroplane. It moves longitudinally as masses are added forward and aft of
its location.

a point from which all balance arms are measured. The location of this point varies with the distribution of
loads on the aeroplane.

a fixed point from which all balance arms are measured. It may be located anywhere on the aeroplane's
longitudinal axis or on the extensions to that axis.

the point through which the sum of the mass values (of the aeroplane and its contents) is assumed to act
vertically.

Correct Answer: C

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Q.185

Given are: - Maximum structural take-off mass: 72 000 kg - Maximum structural landing mass: 56 000 kg -
Maximum zero fuel mass: 48 000 kg - Taxi fuel: 800 kg - Trip fuel: 18 000 kg - Contingency fuel: 900 kg -
Alternate fuel: 700 kg - Final reserve fuel: 2 000 kg Determine the actual take-off mass:

74 000 kg

72 000 kg

70 400 kg

69 600 kg

Correct Answer: D

Q.186

With respect to multi-engine piston powered aeroplane, determine the block fuel moment (lbs.In.) in the
following conditions: Basic empty mass: 3 210 lbs. One pilot: 160 lbs. Front seat passenger : 200 lbs.
Centre seat passengers: 290 lbs. (total) One passenger rear seat: 110 lbs. Baggage in zone 1: 100 lbs.
Baggage in zone 4: 50 lbs. Block fuel: 100 US Gal. Trip fuel: 55 US Gal. Fuel for start up and taxi
(included in block fuel): 3 US Gal. Fuel density: 6 lbs./US Gal.

433 906

30 888

9 360

56 160

Correct Answer: D

View Image

Q.187

Given: Aeroplane mass = 36 000 kg Centre of gravity (cg) is located at station 17 m What is the effect on
cg location if you move 20 passengers (total mass = 1 600 kg) from station 16 to station 23?

It moves aft by 0.157 m.

It moves aft by 0.31 m.

It moves forward by 0.157 m.

It moves aft by 3.22 m.

Correct Answer: B

Q.188

A revenue flight is to be made by a jet transport. The following are the aeroplane's structural limits: -
Maximum Ramp Mass: 69 900 kg -Maximum Take Off Mass: 69 300 kg -Maximum Landing Mass: 58 900
kg -Maximum Zero Fuel Mass: 52 740 kg The performance limited take off mass is 67 450kg and the
performance limited landing mass is 55 470 kg. Dry Operating Mass: 34 900 kg Trip Fuel: 6 200 kg Taxi
Fuel: 250 kg Contingency & final reserve fuel: 1 300 kg Alternate Fuel: 1 100 kg The maximum traffic load
that can be carried is:

25 800 kg 50/53
 25 800 kg

17 840 kg

18 170 kg

13 950 kg

Correct Answer: B

Q.189

The mass and balance information gives : Basic mass : 1 200 kg ; Basic balance arm : 3.00 m Under
these conditions the Basic centre of gravity is at 25% of the mean aerodynamic chord (MAC). The length
of MAC is 2m. In the mass and balance section of the flight manual the following information is given :
Position Arm front seats : 2.5 m rear seats : 3.5 m rear hold : 4.5 m fuel tanks : 3.0 m The pilot and one
passenger embark; each weighs 80 kg. Fuel tanks contain 140 litres of petro

29 %

34 %

17 %

22 %

Correct Answer: D

Q.190

The following data applies to a planned flight. Dry Operating Mass 34900 kg Performance limited Take-
Off Mass 66300 kg Performance limited Landing Mass 55200 kg Maximum Zero Fuel Mass 53070 kg
Fuel required at ramp:- Taxy fuel 400 kg trip fuel 8600 kg contingency fuel 430 kg alternate fuel 970 kg
holding fuel 900 kg Traffic load 16600 kg Fuel costs at the departure airfield are such that it is decided to
load the maximum fuel quantity possible. The total fuel which may be safely loaded prior to departure is :

12700 kg

13230 kg

15200 kg

10730 kg

Correct Answer: A

Q.191

A jet transport has the following structural limits: -Maximum Ramp Mass: 63 060 kg -Maximum Take Off
Mass: 62 800 kg -Maximum Landing Mass: 54 900 kg -Maximum Zero Fuel Mass: 51 300 kg The
aeroplane's fuel is loaded accordance with the following requirements: -Taxi fuel: 400 kg -Trip fuel: 8400
kg -Contingency & final reserve fuel: 1800 kg -Alternate fuel: 1100 kg If the Dry Operating Mass is 34930
kg, determine the maximum traffic load that can be carried on the flight if departure and landing airfields
are not performance limited.

16 370 kg 51/53
 16 370 kg

16 430 kg

17 070 kg

16 570 kg

Correct Answer: A

Q.192

Freight 1 5455 +200 +1091000 Freight 2 410 -40 - 16400 Fuel 6045 -8 - 48360 Oil 124 +40 +4960 Given
that the flight time is 2 hours and the estimated fuel flow will be 1050 litres per hour and the average oil
consumption will be 2.25 litres per hour. The specific density of fuel is 0.79 and the specific density of oil is
0.96. Calculate the landing centre of gravity

61.29 cm aft of datum.

61.28 cm aft of datum.

61.26 cm aft of datum.

61.27 cm aft of datum.

Correct Answer: B

Q.193

With respect to a multi-engine piston powered aeroplane, determine the CG location at take off in the
following conditions: Basic empty mass: 3 210 lbs. One pilot: 160 lbs. Front seat passenger : 200 lbs.
Centre seat passengers: 290 lbs. (total) One passenger rear seat: 110 lbs. Baggage in zone 1: 100 lbs.
Baggage in zone 4: 50 lbs. Zero Fuel Mass: 4210 lbs. Moment at Zero Fuel Mass: 377751 lbs.In Block
fuel: 100 US Gal. Trip fuel: 55 US Gal. Fuel for start up and taxi (included in block fuel): 3 US Gal. Fuel
density: 6 lbs./US Gal.

93.60 inches aft of datum

91.84 inches aft of datum

91.92 inches aft of datum

91.69 inches aft of datum

Correct Answer: C

View Image

Q.194

A flight has been made from London to Valencia carrying minimum fuel and maximum traffic load. On the
return flight the fuel tanks in the aeroplane are to be filled to capacity with a total fuel load of 20100 litres at
a fuel density of 0.79 kg/l. The following are the aeroplane's structural limits: -Maximum Ramp Mass: 69
900 kg -Maximum Take Off Mass: 69 300 kg -Maximum Landing Mass: 58 900 kg -Maximum Zero Fuel
Mass: 52 740 kg The performance limited take off mass at Valencia is 67 330 kg. The landing mass at
London is not performance limited. Dry Operating Mass: 34 930 kg Trip Fuel (Valencia to London): 5 990
kg Taxi fuel: 250 kg The maximum traffic load that can be carried from Valencia will be:

13 240 kg 52/53
13 240 kg

16 770 kg

9 830 kg

14 331 kg

Correct Answer: D

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