EXPERIMENT 03

AIM

N
Use Hooke’s law apparatus to determine the force constant (spring constant) of given helical
spring.

TA
PRACTICAL OUTCOME
On performing this experiment, student will be able to determine force constant of a given

PA
helical spring Hooke’s Law.

ADDITIONAL PRACTICAL OUTCOMES

C,
On performing this experiment, student will be able to,

 Choose proper Unit System for an object of interest.

NI
 Understand Hooke’s law
CH
 Understand the relationship between force applied and extension produced in
spring.

 Take the measurement using appropriate instrument of given object.

TE

 Experiment with various other elastic objects.

APPRATUS AND MATERIAL REQUIRED

LY

Light weight helical spring with a pointer attached at the lower end and a hook/ring for
suspending it from a hanger, (diameter of the spring may be about 1-1.5 cm inside or same
as that in a spring balance of 100 g); a rigid support, hanger and five slotted weights of 10
PO

g each (in case the spring constant is of high value one may use slotted weight of 20 g),
clamp stand, a balance, a measuring scale (15-30 cm) and a stop-watch (with least count
of 0.1s).

PRINCIPLE
D.

Spring constant (or force constant) of a spring is given by

𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹
K.

𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐, 𝐾𝐾 = … … … … … … … … . . (1)

𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸
Thus, spring constant is the restoring force per unit extension in the spring. Its value is
determined by the elastic properties of the spring. A given object is attached to the free end

Experiment – 03 Force constant (spring constant) by Hooke’s law 1

of a spring which is suspended from a rigid point support (a nail, fixed to a wall). If the object
is pulled down and then released, it executes simple harmonic
oscillations.
The time period (𝑇𝑇) of oscillations of a helical spring of spring constant 𝐾𝐾 is given by the
relation,

AN
𝑚𝑚
𝑇𝑇 = 2𝜋𝜋�
𝐾𝐾
where m is the load that is the mass of the object. If the spring has a large mass of its own,
the expression changes to

T
𝑚𝑚0 + 𝑚𝑚
𝑇𝑇 = 2𝜋𝜋� … … … … … … … … . . (2)

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𝐾𝐾

where 𝑚𝑚0 and 𝑚𝑚 define the effective mass of the spring system (the spring along with the
pointer and the hanger) and the suspended object (load) respectively. The time period of a
stiff spring (having large spring constant) is small.

C,
One can easily eliminate the term 𝑚𝑚0 of the spring system appearing in Eq. (2) by suspending
two different objects (loads) of masses 𝑚𝑚1 and 𝑚𝑚2 and measuring their respective periods of
oscillations 𝑇𝑇1 and 𝑇𝑇2. Then

NI
𝑚𝑚0 + 𝑚𝑚1
𝑇𝑇1 = 2𝜋𝜋� … … … … … … … … . . (3)
𝐾𝐾
and
CH
𝑚𝑚0 + 𝑚𝑚2
𝑇𝑇2 = 2𝜋𝜋� … … … … … … … … . . (4)
𝐾𝐾
Eliminating 𝑚𝑚0 from Equations (3) and (4), we get,
4𝜋𝜋 2 (𝑚𝑚1 − 𝑚𝑚2 )
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𝐾𝐾 = … … … … … … … … . . (5)
�𝑇𝑇1 2 − 𝑇𝑇2 2 �

PROCEDURE
LY

(a) Measuring the force constant (spring constant) by measuring

periodic time of oscillating spring.
PO

1. Suspend the helical spring (having pointer and the hanger at its free end), from a
rigid support, as shown in figure below.
2. Set the measuring scale, close to the spring vertically. Take care that the pointer P
moves freely over the scale without touching it.
D.

3. Find out the least count of the measuring scale (It is usually 1mm or 0.1 cm).
4. Familiarize yourself with the working of the stop-watch and find its least count.
K.

5. Suspend the load or slotted weight with mass 𝑚𝑚1 on the hanger gently. Wait till the
pointer comes to rest. This is the equilibrium position for the given load. Pull the load
slightly downwards and then release it gently so that it is set into oscillations in a
vertical plane about its rest (or equilibrium) position. The rest position (x) of the pointer P
on the scale is the reference or mean position for the given load. Start the stop-watch

Experiment – 03 Force constant (spring constant) by Hooke’s law 2

 as the pointer P just crosses its mean position (say, from upwards to downwards)
and simultaneously begin to count the oscillations.
6. Keep on counting the oscillations as the pointer crosses the mean position (x) in the
same direction. Stop the watch after n (say, 5 to 10) oscillations are complete. Note

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the time (𝑡𝑡) taken by the oscillating load for 𝑛𝑛 oscillations.

TA
7. Repeat this observation at least thrice and in each occasion note the time taken for
the same number (n) of oscillations. Find the mean time (𝑡𝑡1), for 𝑛𝑛 oscillations and

PA
C,
NI
CH
TE
LY

compute the time for one oscillation, i.e., the time period 𝑇𝑇1 (= (𝑡𝑡1 /𝑛𝑛) of oscillating
helical spring with a load 𝑚𝑚1.
8. Repeat steps 5 and 6 for two more slotted weights.
PO

𝑡𝑡
9. Calculate time period of oscillation 𝑇𝑇 = for each weight and tabulate your
𝑛𝑛
observations.
10. Compute the value of spring constant (𝐾𝐾1 , 𝐾𝐾3 , 𝐾𝐾3 ) for each load and find out the mean
value of spring constant 𝐾𝐾 of the given helical spring.
D.

11. The value of 𝐾𝐾 can also be determined by plotting a graph of 𝑇𝑇 2 → 𝑚𝑚 with 𝑇𝑇 2 on y-

axis and 𝑚𝑚 on x-axis.
K.

OBSERVATIONS
 Least count of the measuring scale =______ mm =______ cm

Experiment – 03 Force constant (spring constant) by Hooke’s law 3

  Least count of the stop-watch = _____ s

 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 1, 𝑚𝑚1 = ______ 𝑔𝑔 = ______ 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘

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 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 2, 𝑚𝑚2 = ______ 𝑔𝑔 = ______ 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘

 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 3, 𝑚𝑚3 = ______ 𝑔𝑔 = ______ 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘

TA
Table 1.1: Measuring the time period T of oscillations of helical spring with load

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Time for (n) oscillations, t (s)
Mass of the No. of Time period,
Sr. 𝑡𝑡
No. load, m (kg) Oscillations, (n) 𝑇𝑇 = (𝑠𝑠)
𝑡𝑡1 𝑡𝑡2 𝑡𝑡3 Mean 𝑡𝑡 (s) 𝑛𝑛

C,
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CH
CALCULATION
Substitute the values of 𝑚𝑚1 , 𝑚𝑚2 , 𝑚𝑚3 and 𝑇𝑇1 , 𝑇𝑇2 , 𝑇𝑇3 in Eq. (5),
TE

4𝜋𝜋 2 (𝑚𝑚1 − 𝑚𝑚2 ) 4𝜋𝜋 2 (𝑚𝑚2 − 𝑚𝑚3 ) 4𝜋𝜋 2 (𝑚𝑚1 − 𝑚𝑚3 )

𝑘𝑘1 = 𝑘𝑘2 = 𝑘𝑘3 =
�𝑇𝑇12 − 𝑇𝑇2 2 � �𝑇𝑇2 2 − 𝑇𝑇3 2 � �𝑇𝑇1 2 − 𝑇𝑇3 2 �
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PO
D.
K.

𝑘𝑘1 = _______________𝑁𝑁/𝑚𝑚 𝑘𝑘2 = _______________𝑁𝑁/𝑚𝑚 𝑘𝑘3 = _______________𝑁𝑁/𝑚𝑚

𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑘𝑘 = _____________𝑁𝑁/𝑚𝑚

Experiment – 03 Force constant (spring constant) by Hooke’s law 4

Alternately one can also find the spring constant and effective mass of the spring from the
graph between 𝑇𝑇 2 → 𝑚𝑚, which is expected to be a straight line as shown in Figure (2).
From graph:
4𝜋𝜋 2 �𝑇𝑇1 2 − 𝑇𝑇2 2 �
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = = = −−−−

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𝑘𝑘 (𝑚𝑚1 − 𝑚𝑚2 )
2
4𝜋𝜋
𝑘𝑘 =

TA
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆
∴ 𝑘𝑘 = ___________ 𝑁𝑁/𝑚𝑚
From the knowledge of intercept 𝑐𝑐 on y-axis
and the slope m, the value of effective mass
𝑚𝑚0 (= 𝑐𝑐/𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠) of the helical spring can be

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computed.
Intercept on Y axis 𝑐𝑐 = ___________
Effective mass 𝑚𝑚0,
𝑐𝑐
𝑚𝑚0 = = −−−−
𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠

C,
∴ 𝑚𝑚0 = ______________
Alternatively, the effective mass 𝑚𝑚0 (−𝑐𝑐 ′ ) of
the helical spring can be directly computed

NI
from the knowledge of the intercept 𝑐𝑐 ′ made
by the straight line on x-axis.
Intercept on x-axis 𝑐𝑐 ′, CH
𝑐𝑐 ′ = ____________

∴ 𝑚𝑚0 = −𝑐𝑐 ′ = ______________

RESULTS
TE

1) Spring constant of the given helical spring 𝑘𝑘 = _____________ 𝑁𝑁/𝑚𝑚−1

2) Effective mass of helical spring 𝑚𝑚0 = ________𝑔𝑔 = _________𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
LY

PROCEDURE
(b) Measuring the force constant (spring constant) by measuring the position of pointer
PO

(loading and unloading slotted weights).

1. Suspend the helical spring (having pointer P and the hanger H at its free end A), from
a rigid support, as shown in figure (1).
2. Hang a hanger from the hook.
D.

3. Set the vertical scale such that tip of the pointer comes over the division on the scale
but make sure it does not touch the scale.
4. Note the reading of the position of the tip of the pointer on the scale. Record this
K.

reading in loading column against zero load.

5. Gently add suitable load of slotted weight to the hanger. The pointer tip moves down.
6. Wait for few minutes till the pointer tip comes to rest. Repeat step 4.
7. Repeat step 5 and 6 for more weights.

Experiment – 03 Force constant (spring constant) by Hooke’s law 5

 8. Now remove one slotted weight. The pointer tip moves up. Repeat step 6. Record this
reading in unloading column.
9. Repeat step 8 till only hanger is left.
10. Record observation in table below.

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OBSERVATIONS

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 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = ______ 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = ______ 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 = ____________ 𝑔𝑔 = __________ 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘

PA
 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒ℎ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤ℎ𝑡𝑡 = ____________ 𝑔𝑔 = __________ 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
Table 1.3: Measuring the position of pointer by loading and unloading slotted weights
Position of Pointer
Spring

C,
Mass Force
Sr. Mean Extension Constant
suspended 𝐹𝐹 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐹𝐹 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
No. Loading Unloading 𝑦𝑦1 + 𝑦𝑦2 ∆ℓ (𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐)
m (g) (𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑) 𝑋𝑋 = 𝑘𝑘 = � �
𝑦𝑦1 (𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) 𝑦𝑦2 (𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) 2 ∆ℓ 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐)

NI
𝑥𝑥0 =
CH 𝑥𝑥1 = 𝑥𝑥1 − 𝑥𝑥0 =

𝑥𝑥2 = 𝑥𝑥2 − 𝑥𝑥0 =

𝑥𝑥3 = 𝑥𝑥3 − 𝑥𝑥0 =

TE

𝑥𝑥4 = 𝑥𝑥4 − 𝑥𝑥0 =

CALCULATION
LY

𝑁𝑁 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
Mean spring constant 𝑘𝑘 = __________ 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑/𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = ____________ 𝑁𝑁/𝑚𝑚 �Remember: 1 = 105 �
𝑚𝑚 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
Plotting Load – Extension graph for a helical spring.
Take force 𝐹𝐹 along y – axis and extension along x – axis. Choose suitable scale for both 𝐹𝐹 and ∆ℓ. Plot graph
PO

and find the slope of the graph.

𝐹𝐹1 − 𝐹𝐹2
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝑘𝑘 = = ___________
∆ℓ1 − ∆ℓ2
∴ 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝑘𝑘 = ___________ 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑/𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = ____________ 𝑁𝑁/𝑚𝑚

RESULT
D.

1) Spring constant of the given helical spring 𝑘𝑘 = _________ 𝑁𝑁/𝑚𝑚−1

K.

2) From graph, Spring constant of the spring 𝑘𝑘 = _________ 𝑁𝑁/𝑚𝑚−1

Experiment – 03 Force constant (spring constant) by Hooke’s law 6

PPRECAUTIONS
1) The ruler was carefully viewed from all angles to ensure that it was vertical.
2) A pointer was used to help read the scale on the ruler. The scale had to

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be viewed at eye level to avoid parallax error.
3) The experimenter had to be sure the spring system was stationary before a

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reading was taken.
4) At the end of each set of readings the position of the ruler was adjusted before
the experiment was repeated. This was to avoid 'repeat' errors!
5) Do not use load beyond elastic limit of spring.

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SOURCES OF ERROR
1) Wind/air currents which make spring to oscillate.

C,
2) Slotted weights may not show correct weight.
3) Pointer may not be horizontal.
4) The support may not be rigid.

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5) Measuring extension when spring is oscillating/has not yet stabilized.
6) Including the length of the hooks to the extension of the helical coils of spring.
7) The spring scale might not be sitting at 0 when there's no force if the spring has
CH
been damaged.
8) Parallax error while reading of the measurement from the scale.
9) The meter rule scale should be read at eye level directly opposite the pointer in
order to remove Parallax error while reading of the measurement from the scale.
10) Use the slotted base to ensure that the meter rule is vertical.
TE

DISCUSSION
LY

1) The accuracy in determination of the spring constant depends mainly on

the accuracy in measurement of the time period T of oscillation of the
spring. As the time period appears as 𝑇𝑇 2 in Eq. (5), a small uncertainty
in the measurement of 𝑇𝑇 would result in appreciable error in 𝑇𝑇 2 , thereby
PO

significantly affecting the result. A stop-watch with accuracy of 0.1s may

be preferred.
2) Some personal error is always likely to occur in measurement of time
due to delay in starting or stopping the watch.
D.

3) Sometimes air currents may affect the oscillations thereby affecting the
time period. The time period of oscillation may also get affected if the
load is released with a jerk. Take special care that the load while being
taken to one side (upwards or downwards) of the rest (or mean) position,
K.

is released very gently.

4) The load attached to the spring executes to and fro motion (in SHM)
about the mean, equilibrium position. Eq. (1) and (2) hold true for small
amplitude of oscillations or small extensions of the spring within the

Experiment – 03 Force constant (spring constant) by Hooke’s law 7

 elastic limit (Hooke’s law). Take care that initially the load is pulled only
through a small distance before being released gently to let it oscillate
vertically.
5) Oscillations of the helical spring are not likely to be absolutely

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undamped. Buoyancy of air and viscous drag due to it may slightly
increase the time period of the oscillations. The effect can be greatly

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reduced by taking a small and stiff spring of high-density material (such
as steel/brass).
6) A rigid support is required for suspending the helical spring. The slotted
weights may not have exactly the same mass as engraved on them. Some

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error in the time period of its oscillation is likely to creep in due to
yielding (sometimes) of the support and inaccuracy in the accepted value
of mass of load.

SELF ASSESMENT

C,
1) Two springs A (soft) and B (stiff), loaded with the same mass on their

NI
hangers, are suspended one by one from the same rigid support. They
are set into vertical oscillations at different times, and the time period of
their oscillations are noted. In which spring will the oscillations be
slower? CH
2) You are given six known masses (𝑚𝑚1 , 𝑚𝑚2 , … . . , 𝑚𝑚6 ) a helical spring and a
stop-watch. You are asked to measure time periods (𝑇𝑇1 , 𝑇𝑇2 , … . . , 𝑇𝑇6 ) of
oscillations corresponding to each mass when it is suspended from the
given helical spring.
TE

(a) What is the shape of the curve you would expect by using Eq. (2) and
plotting a graph between load of mass 𝑚𝑚 along x-axis and 𝑇𝑇 2 on y-axis?
(b) Interpret the slope, the x and y-intercepts of the above graph, and
LY

hence find (i) spring constant 𝐾𝐾 of the helical spring, and (ii) its effective
mass 𝑚𝑚0.
[Hint: (a) Eq. (2), rewritten as:
PO

4𝜋𝜋 2 4𝜋𝜋 2
𝑇𝑇 2 = 𝑚𝑚 + 𝑚𝑚
𝐾𝐾 𝐾𝐾 0
is similar to the equation of a straight line: 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 + 𝑐𝑐, with 𝑚𝑚 as the
slope of the straight line and 𝑐𝑐 the intercept on y – axis. The graph
between m and 𝑇𝑇 2 is expected to be a straight-line AB, as shown in Figure
D.

(2). From the above equations given in (a):

4𝜋𝜋2
Intercept on y–axis (OD), 𝑐𝑐 = 𝐾𝐾
𝑚𝑚0; (𝑥𝑥 = 0, 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑐𝑐)
K.

𝑐𝑐 𝑐𝑐
Intercept on x-axis (OE), 𝑐𝑐 ′ = − = −𝑚𝑚0; �𝑦𝑦 = 0, 𝑥𝑥 = – ′ �
𝑚𝑚′ 𝑚𝑚

OD c c 4𝜋𝜋2
Slope, 𝑚𝑚′ = tan 𝜃𝜃 = = =– =
OE c′ 𝑚𝑚0 𝐾𝐾

Experiment – 03 Force constant (spring constant) by Hooke’s law 8

SUGGESTED ADDITIONAL EXPERIMENTS/ACTIVITIES
1) Take three springs with different spring constants K1, K2, K3 and join them in
series as shown in Figurer (3). Determine the time period of oscillation of

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combined spring and check the relation between individual spring constant and
combined system.

TA
2) Repeat the above activity with the set up shown in Figure (4) and find out
whether there is any difference in the time period and spring constant between
the two set ups?

PA
3) What is the physical significance of spring constant 20.5 N/m?
4) If possible, measure the mass of the spring. Is this related to the effective mass
𝑚𝑚0?

C,
NI
CH
TE

VIVA VOCE
LY

1. The law which states that within elastic limits strain produced is proportional to
PO

the stress producing it is known as _____________

a) Bernoulli’s law
b) Hooke’s law
c) Stress law
d) Poisson’s law
2. What is the factor of safety?
D.

a) The ratio of stress to strain

b) The ratio of permissible stress to the ultimate stress
c) The ratio of ultimate stress to the permissible stress
K.

d) The ratio of longitudinal strain to stress

3. What is Hooke’s law for the 1-D system?
a) The relation between normal stress and the corresponding strain
b) The relation between shear stress and the corresponding strain

Experiment – 03 Force constant (spring constant) by Hooke’s law 9

 c) The relation between lateral strain and the corresponding stress
d) None of the mentioned
4. Limit of proportionality depends upon ____________
a) Area of cross-section
b) Type of loading

N
c) Type of material
d) All of the mentioned

TA
5. The stress at which extension of a material takes place more quickly as compared
to the increase in load is called ____________
a) Elastic point
b) Plastic point

PA
c) Breaking point
d) Yielding point
6. Which of these is material does not obey Hooke’s Law (a non-Hoookean material)?
a) Steel
b) Rubber

C,
c) Aluminum
d) Copper
7. Where in the stress-strain curve, the Hooke’s law is valid?
a) Strain hardening region

NI
b) Necking region
c) Elastic range
d) Valid everywhere CH
8. Highest value of stress for which Hooke’s law is applicable for a given material is
called ____________
a) Stress limit
b) Strain limit
c) Proportional limit
TE

d) Significant limit
9. When stress is applied to a solid body, and it produces strain. Which of the
following relation is correct regarding stress and strain?
1
(a) 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ∝
LY

𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
1
(b) 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ∝
𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠2
(c) 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ∝ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
(d) 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ∝ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠2
PO

10. Hooke's law essentially defines:

(a) Stress
(b) Strain
(c) Elastic limit
(d) None of these
D.

11. A wire is stretched by 5 mm when it is pulled by a certain force. If another wire of

the same material but of double-length and double diameter is stretched by the
same force, the increase in the length of the other wire will be:
(a) 2.5 mm
K.

(b) 5.0 mm
(c) 10.0 mm
(d) 40.0 mm
12. For linear elastic systems displacement function varies

Experiment – 03 Force constant (spring constant) by Hooke’s law 10

 (a) linearly
(b) quadratically
(c) cubically
(d) quartically
13. A plastic member

N
(a) does not regain its original shape after removal of load producing deformation
(b) regains its original shape after removal of load producing deformation

TA
(c) regains its original shape after removal of load producing deformation when
heat it applied to it
(d) none of the above
14. The value of stress up to which a member regains its original shape or size after

PA
load removal is called
(a) Proportional limit
(b) Elastic limit
(c) Plastic limit
(d) Yield stress

C,
15. Substances which can be stretched to cause large strains are called
(a) elastomer
(b) b) plastic
(c) c) ductile

NI
(d) d) brittle

ASSESMENT SCHEME
CH
Sr. Performance Indicators for the Practical Weightage in Total Marks Marks
No. Outcomes % Obtained
TE

1 Prepare of experimental setup 20 2

2 Operate the equipment setup or circuit 20 2
3 Follow safe practices measures 10 1
LY

4 Record observations correctly 20 2

5 Interpret the result and conclude 30 3
PO

TOTAL 100 10

Signature of Teacher: __________________

D.
K.

Experiment – 03 Force constant (spring constant) by Hooke’s law 11

K.
D.
PO
LY
TE
CH
NI
C,
PA
TA
N