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Nursing Informatics 1-2

This document provides an introduction to nursing informatics, including definitions, theories, models, and frameworks. It defines informatics as a combination of computer science, information science, and cognitive science. Health informatics uses information technology to organize health records to improve care. The nursing informatics framework relies on data, information, and knowledge. It also discusses electronic health records, the nursing process, critical thinking, and models/frameworks in nursing informatics such as the DIKW framework, Schwirian's nursing informatics pyramid, and Benner's novice to expert model.

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Jenny Agustin Fabros
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2K views15 pages

Nursing Informatics 1-2

This document provides an introduction to nursing informatics, including definitions, theories, models, and frameworks. It defines informatics as a combination of computer science, information science, and cognitive science. Health informatics uses information technology to organize health records to improve care. The nursing informatics framework relies on data, information, and knowledge. It also discusses electronic health records, the nursing process, critical thinking, and models/frameworks in nursing informatics such as the DIKW framework, Schwirian's nursing informatics pyramid, and Benner's novice to expert model.

Uploaded by

Jenny Agustin Fabros
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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NUR 110 Nursing Informatics

BS NURSING / SECOND YEAR


Session 1 -2

LESSON TITLE: INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATICS

THEORIES, MODELS
& FRAMEWORK

References:
Calano, Roel B. & Del Rio, Fernando (2017)
Health Informatics (An Illustrative Approach)
1st edition
Saba, Virginia and McCormick, Kathleen
(2006) Essential of Nursing Informatics 4th Ed.
McGraw-Hill Companies Inc.
INFORMATICS

Walter Bauer – translated “informatics”. Combined the terms “information” and “automation” which
means automatic information processing.

Informatics : A science that combines a domain science, computer science, information science and
cognitive science.

Health informatics: is the practice of acquiring, studying and managing health data and applying
medical concepts in conjunction with health information technology systems to help clinicians provide
better healthcare

Components of healthcare informatics


1. Computer science: development, configuration, architecture of computer hardware and software.
2. Healthcare science: body of knowledge on which healthcare profession bases their practice. The
sciences of anatomy, physiology and knowledge specific to each profession.

3. Information science: includes information technology which involves the process of sending and
receiving information.
4. Cognitive science: the process of human thinking, understanding and remembering.
THEORIES, MODELS & FRAMEWORK
BULLETS:

The framework for nursing informatics relies on the central concepts of data, information and knowledge.
Data is a discrete entities that are described objectively without interpretation, Information as data that is
interpreted, organized or structured and Knowledge as information that has been synthesized so that
interrelationships are identified and formalized resulting in decisions that guide practice. The
management and processing components may be considered the functional components of informatics.

Information science (also known as information studies) is an academic field which is primarily
concerned with analysis, collection, classification, manipulation, storage, retrieval, movement,
dissemination, and protection of information . It involves the process of sending and receiving
information.

Radiology science
Health informatics (also called Health Information Systems) uses information technology to organize and
analyze health records to improve healthcare outcomes. Its components include Computer science
which is the development, configuration, architecture of computer hardware and software, Healthcare
science the body of knowledge on which healthcare profession bases their practice, Information science
which includes information technology that involves the process of sending and receiving information
and Cognitive science which is the process of human thinking, understanding and remembering.

Computer science deals with theory of computation, algorithms, computational problems and the design
of computer systems hardware, software and applications
Health care science is a body of knowledge on basic sciences of anatomy, physiology, and knowledge
specific to each profession.

Cognitive science is an essential component of healthcare informatics it deals with the process of human thinking,
understanding and remembering.

Information literacy is the ability to find, evaluate, organize, use, and communicate information in all its
various formats, most notably in situations requiring decision making, problem solving, or the acquisition
of knowledge. Information literacy forms the basis for lifelong learning. It is common to all disciplines, to
all learning environments, and to all levels of education. It enables learners to master content and
extend their investigations, become more self- directed, and assume greater control over their learning.

Electronic Health Records help provide better care to patients and automate a variety of tasks for the
practice. They also enable physicians to exchange information with one another remotely and in real
time, making sure every clinician dealing with a patient has a current, complete and accurate file. To add
to that, they are highly customizable and can be configured according to the requirements of your
medical practice. Thus improving access of medical records , reducing time spent in documentation and
avoid redundancy of data entry.

***
Nursing Information System are computer systems that manage clinical data from a variety of healthcare
environments and made available in a timely and orderly fashion to aid nurses in improving patient care.

Healthcare Informatics is defined as “the integration of healthcare sciences, computer science,


information science, and cognitive science to assist in the management of healthcare information” (Saba
& McCormick, 2015, p. 232)

Data with some structure. Nursing informatics theory addresses data (discrete facts), information (data
with some type of structure or interpretation), knowledge (synthesis of information), wisdom (evaluation
of knowledge with reflection), and continuum. Sociotechnical theory addresses organizational
interactions, the impact of technology on productivity, and employer rewards and authority.

The nursing process is a scientific five-step approach that nurses use to safeguard levels of care that
patients receive. ADPIE is an acronym representing the five phases of the nursing process. Which
means Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementing and Evaluation.

Critical thinking. Critical thinking is applied by nurses in the process of solving problems of patients and
decision-making process with creativity to enhance the effect. It is an essential process for a safe,
efficient and skillful nursing intervention.
The Data, Information, Knowledge, Wisdom (DIKW) framework is one of the core conceptual
frameworks for the practice of nursing informatics. However, in order for the framework to be effective,
nurses must define knowledge, within electronic health records, to accurately capture the context of
nursing practice.

Graves and Corcoran (1989) as “a combination of computer science, information science and nursing
science designed to assist in the management and processing of nursing data, information and
knowledge to support the practice of nursing and the delivery of nursing care.”

Schwirian developed the NI pyramid as a model for Nursing Informatics. Schwirian defined NI as, “the
use of information technology in relation to any of the functions which are within the purview of nursing
and which are carried out by nurses.”

The fifth and final stage discussed in the novice to expert model is the expert stage. The expert
individual has an extensive knowledge of situations that allows for confidence and an intuitive grasp of
complex patient situations (Dale et al., 2013). Rules, guidelines, and maxims are no longer relied upon
during the expert stage because the individual is able to grasp the situation and understand what needs
to be accomplished at this point (Benner, 1982)

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