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Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 6:
Solving Problems Involving Circles
Mathematics – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 6: Solving Problems Involving Circles
First Edition, 2020

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written for the learners. After going
through this module, the learner is expected to solve problems on circles
(M10GE-IIf-2).

What I Know
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your
answers on a separate sheet/s of paper.

For items 1-2, refer to the given figure on the right. C

A B
1. In the given figure, what is the measure of CAD? 26°
E 100°
a. 32° b. 37° c. 63° d. 74°
2. If AB = 5, BC = 8, and AD = 15, find the length of AE.
a. 12 b. 13
1
c. 4 2
1
d. 4 3 D
3. In A, chord BC intersects chord DE at point F. If BF = 6, CF = 9 and
EF = 10, find the length of DF.
a. 5.4 b. 7.4 c. 12 d. 15
4. A circular pizza with a radius of 6 inches is cut equally into 6 slices. What
is the area of each slice of the pizza?
a. 4 in2 b. 5 in2 c. 6 in2 d. 8 in2
5. A circular park with two main pathways is shown in the figure below. The
distance from Gate 1 to the main road is 3 km, and the distance from gate 1
to the exit is 2 km. How far is Gate 2 from the main road if the pathway
connecting them is tangent to the circle?
a. 2.2 km c. 3.87km Gate 2
b. 3.57km d. 4.24km

Exit Main
Gate 1 Road

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 Lesson
Solving Problems Involving
1 Circles

In the previous module, you have learned the different theorems related
to secants, tangents, sectors, and segments of a circle. This module will help
you understand how these theorems can be applied in solving real-life
problems involving circles.

What's In

In the previous module, you learned the different theorems related to

angles and segments formed by secants, chords, and tangents. In this
module, find out how these theorems can help you in solving real-life
problems that involve circles.

Theorems on Tangent Line

1. If a line is a tangent to a circle, then it is perpendicular to the radius
drawn to the point of tangency.
2. If a line is perpendicular to a radius of a circle at its endpoint that is
on the circle, then the line is tangent to the circle.
3. If two segments from the same exterior point are tangent to a circle,
then the two segments are congruent.

Theorems on Angles Formed by Tangents and Secants of a Circle

In a circle or congruent circles, two minor arcs are congruent if and only
if their corresponding chords are congruent.
1. If two secants intersect in the exterior of a circle, then the measure of
the angle formed is one-half the positive difference of the measures of
the intercepted arcs.
2. If a secant and a tangent intersect in the exterior of a circle, then the
measure of the angle formed is one-half the positive difference of the
measures of the intercepted arcs.
3. If two tangents intersect in the exterior of a circle, then the measure of
the angle formed is one-half the positive difference of the measures of
the intercepted arcs.

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 4. If two secants intersect in the interior of a circle, then the measure of
an angle formed is one-half the sum of the measures of the arcs
intercepted by the angle and its vertical angle.
5. If a secant and a tangent intersect at the point of tangency, then the
measure of each angle formed is one-half the measure of its intercepted
arc.

Theorems on Secant Segments, Tangent Segments, and External Secant

Segments
1. If two secant segments are drawn to a circle from an exterior point,
then the product of the lengths of one secant segment and its external
secant segment is equal to the product of the lengths of the other secant
segment and its external secant segment.
2. If a tangent segment and a secant segment are drawn to a circle from
an exterior point, then the square of the length of the tangent segment
is equal to the product of the lengths of the secant segment and its
external secant segment.

Theorem on Two Intersecting Chords

If two chords of a circle intersect, then the product of the measures of the
segments of one chord is equal to the product of the measures of the segments
of the other chord.

What's New

Aside from your knowledge about the different theorems on the circle,
it is also important to know how you will apply these in solving real-life
problems. Here are some steps that you may follow.

Step 1: Read and analyze the problem.

Step 2: Illustrate the problem using a diagram then label it with the
given measurement(s).

Step 3: Determine which theorem can be applied in the given problem.

Step 4: Write an equation based on the theorem.

Step 5: Substitute the given measurement(s) then solve the equation.

Step 6: Conclude the answer to the problem.

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 What is It

Now, let us have some applications of the different theorems on circle.

Example 1: A circular garden is found inside the Sipnayan Park. There are
two pathways where visitors can walk along going to the circular garden from
the main entrance of the park. The pathways are both tangent to the garden
whose center is 60 m away from the main entrance. If the radius of the
circular garden is 20 meters, how long is each pathway?

Solutions:
Step 1: Illustrate the problem and label it with the given measurements.

Main
Distance (d) = 60m Entrance
Garden

Sipnayan Park
Figure 1

Step 2: Determine the relationship between the segments formed and

identify the theorem that can be applied.

Main
Distance (d) = 60m Entrance

Garden

Figure 2

If a line is a tangent to a circle, then it is perpendicular to the

radius drawn to the point of tangency.

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 Step 3: Write an equation based on the theorem.
In Figure 2, we can see that we have a right triangle formed. Thus,
we can apply the Pythagorean Theorem to solve for the length of the
pathway. That is, the sum of the squares of the legs of a right triangle
is equal to the square of its hypotenuse. In the figure:
p2 + r2 = d2
Step 4: Substitute the given measurements then, solve the equation.
p2 + r2 = d2
p2 + (20)2 = (60)2
p2 + 400 = 3600
p2 = 3600 – 400
p2 = 3200
√𝑝2 = √3200
p = 40√2
p  56.57

Step 5: Conclude the answer to the problem.

Therefore, each pathway measures approximately 56.57
meters.

Example 2: The average height of the Galaxy Space Station is 600 km above
the Earth. An astronaut onboard the Galaxy Space Station sights along a
tangent line to Earth, viewing Neil Armstrong Space Center. If the diameter of
the Earth is approximately 12,800 km, how far is the astronaut from the
Space Center?
Galaxy Space
Solutions: Station
Step 1: Illustrate the problem height
and label with the given h=600 km x
measurements
Neil Armstrong
d=12800km

Space Center
diameter

Figure 3
Step 2: Determine the relationship between the segments formed and
identify the theorem that can be applied.
If a tangent segment and a secant segment are drawn to a circle from an
exterior point, then the square of the length of the tangent segment is equal to
the product of the lengths of the secant segment and its external secant
segment.

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 Step 3: Write an equation based on the theorem.
In figure 3, the distance from the Galaxy Space Station and Neil
Armstrong Space Center is the tangent segment denoted by x. The segment
connecting the diameter of the Earth and the height of the space station is
the secant segment, while the height of the space station is the external secant
segment. Thus, we can write the equation as follows:
x2 = (d + h)h

Step 4: Substitute the given measurements then, solve the equation.

x2 = (12800+600)600
x2 = (13400)600
x2 = 8040000
√𝑥 2 = √8040000
x  2835.49

Step 5: Conclude the answer to the problem.

Therefore, the astronaut in the Galaxy space station is
approximately 2835.49 kilometers from the space center.

Example 3: Newton-32 is a geo-satellite orbiting above Earth's equator and

has a viewing angle of Earth formed by the two tangents. The viewing angle is
about 18°. What is the measure of the arc of Earth that viewed from the
satellite?

Solutions:
Step 1: Illustrate the problem and label with the given measurements
F

H
Earth Newton-32
18° satellite

G Figure 4

Step 2: Determine the relationship between the segments formed and identify
the theorem that can be applied.
If two tangents intersect in the exterior of a circle, then the measure of
the angle formed is one-half the positive difference of the measures of the
intercepted arcs.

Step 3: Write an equation based on the theorem.

From figure 4, we can write the equation as follows:
𝟏
𝟏𝟖° = (𝒎𝑭𝑯𝑮 − 𝒎𝑭𝑮)
𝟐

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Step 4: Substitute the given measurements and solve the equation.

Let mFG = x and mFHG = 360°-x

1
18° = 2 [(360° − 𝑥) − 𝑥 ] Substitute the given measurements
1
18° = 2 [(360° − 2𝑥 ] Simplify
18° = 180° − 𝑥 Distributive Property
x = 162° Solve for x

Step 5: Conclude the answer to the problem.

Therefore, a 162° arc, can be viewed from the satellite.

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 What's More

Enrichment Activity 1
Match the given illustrations in Column A with the correct theorems in
Column B to find the missing lengths. Write your answers on a separate
sheet/s of paper.
Column A Column B

1. a. If two secants intersect in the exterior of a

circle, then the measure of the angle formed is
one-half the positive difference of the
measures of the intercepted arcs.
b. If a secant and a tangent intersect in the
exterior of a circle, then the measure of the
2. angle formed is one-half the positive
difference of the measures of the intercepted
arcs.
c. If two tangents intersect in the exterior of a
circle, then the measure of the angle formed is
one-half the positive difference of the
3. measures of the intercepted arcs.
d. If two chords of a circle intersect, then the
product of the measures of the segments of
one chord is equal to the product of the
measures of the segments of the other chord.
4. e. If two secant segments are drawn to a circle
from an exterior point, then the product of the
lengths of one secant segment and its external
secant segment is equal to the product of the
lengths of the other secant segment and its
external secant segment.
5. f. If a tangent segment and a secant segment
are drawn to a circle from an exterior point,
then the square of the length of the tangent
segment is equal to the product of the lengths
of the secant segment and its external secant
segment.

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Enrichment Activity 2
Solve the given problem by showing the step-by-step solutions. Write your
answers on a separate sheet/s of paper.

The sketch of Bubble-Palooza

circular children’s park and the different
pathways from the main road is given at
the right. If the distance from the main
road to Main Gate is 80 m and the length
of the path from Main Gate to the exit is 70
m, about how far from the main road is
Gate 2?

Step 1: Illustrate the problem and label it with the given measurements.

Step 2: Determine the relationship between the segments formed and identify
the theorem that can be applied.
___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________.

Step 3: Write an equation based on the theorem.

___________________________________________________________________________

Step 4: Substitute the given measurements, then solve the equation.

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Step 5: Conclude the answer to the problem.
___________________________________________________________________________

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 What I Have Learned

This module focuses on solving real-life problems. Here are some steps
that you may follow.

Step 1: Read and analyze the problem.

Step 2: Illustrate the problem using a diagram and label it with the
given measurement(s).

Step 3: Determine which theorem can be applied in the given problem.

Step 4: Write an equation based on the theorem.

Step 5: Substitute the given measurement(s) then, solve the equation.

Step 6: Conclude the answer to the problem.

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 What I Can Do

Mark and John solve the given problem below by finding the value of x.
Their solutions are as follow:
D
6
x
5
Mark John E

x(6) = 10(5) (x+6)(6) = 15(5) 10

6x = 50 6x + 36 = 75
F
x=8
1 6x = 39
3
x = 6.5

Who between them showed the correct solution in solving for the
value of x? Explain your answer.

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 Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your
answers on a separate sheet/s of paper.

For items 1-2, refer to the given figure on the right. C

A B
1. In the given figure, what is the measure of CAD? 24°
E 106°
a. 41° b. 45° c. 65° d. 75°
2. If AF = 6, and AD = 16, find the length of AE.
F
a. 2.25 b. 3.25 c. 4 d. 5 D
3. In Q, chords MN and PR intersect at point S. If MS = 12, NS = 4 and
PS = 6, find the length of RS.
a. 6 b. 7 c. 8 d. 9
4. A circular pizza with a radius of 4 inches is cut equally into 8 slices. What
is the area of each cut of the pizza?
𝜋
a. 2 in2 b. in2 c. 2 in2 d. 4 in2
5. A circular park with two main pathways is illustrated in the figure below.
The distance from the main road to the exit is 420 m, and the distance from
gate 2 to the main road is 320 m. How far is Gate 1 from the main road?
a. 231.81 m c. 241.38 m
b. 233.41 m d. 243.81 m Gate 2

Exit Main
Gate 1 Road

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What's More
What I Know
Activity 1
1. b 1. b
2. d 2. a
3. a 3. f
4. c 4. d
5. c 5. e
What's More
Activity 2
1.
2. If a tangent segment and a secant segment are drawn to a circle from
an exterior point, then the square of the length of the tangent segment is
equal to the product of the lengths of the secant segment and its
external secant segment.
3. x2 = (80+70)(80)
4. x2 = (80+70)(80)
x2 = (150)(80)
x2 = 12000
√𝑥 2 = √12000
x  109.54 m
5. Therefore, Gate 2 is about 109.54 m from the main road.
What I Can Do Assessment
John showed the correct solution in finding the value of x. He 1. a
applied the theorem that states if two secant segments are 2. a
drawn to a circle from an exterior point, then the product of the 3. c
lengths of one secant segment and its external secant segment 4. a
is equal to the product of the lengths of the other secant 5. d
segment and its external secant segment.
Answer Key
References

Books:

Melvin M. Callanta, et.al. 2015. Mathematics – Grade 10

Learner's Module. Pasig City, Philippines 1600 REX Book Store.

Orines, F.B., et. al. 2014. Next Century Mathematics 10. Quezon City:
Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.

Websites:

CK-12. December 25, 2014.

https://www.ck12.org/book/ck-12-geometry-second-
edition/section/9.6/ December 2, 2020

No author posted. No date posted. 2020.

https://docplayer.net/23872503-Solving-problems-involving-chords-
radii-tangents-secants-and-arcs-within-the-same-circle-grade-
ten.html December 3, 2020

No author posted. No date posted. 2020.

https://www.birdvilleschools.net/cms/lib/TX01000797/Centricity/D
omain/1114/Homework%20Helper%20Chapter%2012.pdf December
3, 2020

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